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TEXTBOOK AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL AID AND A
LEARNING MATERIAL
~LALIT KISHORE
Teaching
Importance of TB
Textbooks should support bothstudent learning, and teacher’s instructional plans
Viability of textbook
Specific prescribed textbooks are written directly to address the syllabus topics both in the government and private sectors.
Examinations are given by the state / central exam boards or schools to ensure compliance with the syllabus, and, by extension, from textbooks to ‘remain within the course’ and as content-validity.
TB quality concern
Assuming that textbooks dictate the content of most instruction,
school managers, educators, parents, and society want to know… What’s the quality of the textbook, and
how much students learn from it?
A study results on textbook use Worldwide, on an average, around 60 percent of
class time is structured around print materials Around 50 percent of teachers received some training
in the use of TB as a teaching-learning aid 2 5 p e rc e nt fro m p ublis he rs , 1 5 p e rc e nt fro m g o ve rnm e nta l s cho o l s up p o rt
s y s te m , a nd 1 0 p e rc e nt fro m s o m e o the r s o urc e s like te a che r
a s s o c ia tio ns , a c a d e m ic s e m ina rs Almost, fifty percent teachers worldwide
do not receive any training of how to transact a textbook to optimize learning by students
Study conclusions and implications Textbooks and other print materials are
expensive resources used far from optimally, in both developed as well as developing countries.
Training, follow-up, support and school based development of learning material like worksheets, activity sheets, test papers and print-rich classroom environment
Need-analysis based science TB When educators/
teachers focus on textbooks, they most often look at the quality of the books in terms of Content Format National
Curriculum Framework needs
Evaluation scheme needs
EMU ApproachEducation-Motivation-Understanding CCE
NCF
MI
TB writing approach: EMU
E= EducationM=MotivationU=Understanding and higher order thinking skills
Education view point
Holistic development As a person (life skills development,
social development) Cognitive development ( thinking,
feeling individual: Multiple and emotional intelligences)
Teaching-learning-evaluation continuum Attitudes and sensitivity toward
environment
Motivation
Attraction: Formatting, colours, illustrations, binding, size
Interesting varied activities and processes Use of semi-abstract depiction: Graphics and
visuals Revision summaries for future use and readiness Supplementary electronic-learning material with
animation and quick revisions and speedy evaluation
Print-rich classroom environment Feeling of success and inclusion
Understanding and higher order thinking skills Understanding of concepts Analysis: meaning construction, interpreting,
concluding Creativity, synthesis Application Evaluation : Self-assessment and self-
improvement
Opportunities and activities for formative assessment Homework exercises Group discussion Research and presentation Assignment completion and presentation Cross-curricular projects and reports Oral tests Student seminars and exhibitions
Activity-based learning
Demonstrating activity for concept attainment Doing and formalizing activity through activity
Sheet (10 formal activities in a year) Material manipulation activity – qualitative
interpretation activity – non-standard measurement activity
Preparing an activity sheet Objective – materials – diagram – procedure –
observation – result - precautions
Word-puzzles: Active vocabulary building Doing a word puzzle and its analysis Making a word puzzle Demystification of word puzzle making for 10
words and assigning work to students after a topic
Word puzzles by students and their peer evaluation or exhibition
Visual symbols and diagrams
Representation of reality in two-dimension line drawing for recognition and communication
Converting pictures in visual symbols and diagram
Labeling of diagram and caption writing
Musicality to important terms and revision summaries
Six word pattern poetryCinquain pattern poetry for
definitionsAcrostic pattern poetry where
possible
Reading skills and print-rich class environment with origami Replaceable charts with holders
Word-frame charts Photo-corner charts Paper sheet holder charts Slip holders for flow charts