Technical guidelines OF

CCRF

Jitendra Kumar College of Fisheries Mangalore

Technical Guidelines of the CCRF

The “FAO Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries

(TGs)” on the implementation of (CCRF)

12 TGs provide more specific technical detail and guidance on

the articles

TGs are intended to assist fisheries professionals in

understanding the technical aspects of the articles of the

CCRF.

TG 1:Fishing operations

Effective monitoring, control and surveillance of fishing operations by the

respective authorities with active participation from the stakeholders.

Education, training and certification of crew members and respective

officials

Adhering to the sea safety measures

Improving the fishing experience by providing fishing harbours.

TG-2:Precautionary approach to capture fisheries and species introduction

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Need for precaution in fisheries

Provide practical guidance on how to manage fisheries in the context of uncertainty

and responsible fisheries.

Species introduction through ballast water and sediment discharge

Aimed at governments, fisheries authorities, fishery industry,NGOs and regional

fishery management bodies.

The precautionary approach can be summarized as avoiding an unwanted impact of

fishing operations and correction of errors through a contingency plan and

mitigation procedure.

TG 3:Integration of fisheries into coastal area management

Integration of fisheries into coastal management to achieve

rational use of scarce coastal resources.

Addressed to all the stakeholders who are interested in

improving the use of fisheries resources in the coastal area.

Emphasis on the necessity for a holistic approach.

TG 4:Fisheries management

Addressed primarily to the decision-makers and other interest groups

They are formulated to adopt and apply ecosystem approach to Fisheries

(EAF).

Over capacity being the main reason for the decline of many fisheries,

concepts and techniques involved in monitoring, measuring and assessing

fishing capacity are mentioned

Need for periodic review of management plans

TG 5 Aquaculture Development

Potential Social and Environmental problems are duly

addressed in order to ensure sustainable aquaculture.

TG 6 Inland Fisheries

Inland fisheries share the problems of aquaculture

Highly inter-related to other users of aquatic resource

Multi-purpose nature of use patterns in inland waters:

Damming, navigation, wetland reclamation for agriculture,

urbanization,waste disposal etc.

TG-7:Responsible fish utilization

The responsibility of post harvest sector

to the consumer of the food to ensure that it is safe to eat, is of

expected quality and nutritional value

to the resource to ensure that it is not wasted

to the environment to ensure that negative impacts are

minimized.

TG-8: Indicators for sustainable development of marine capture fisheries

Consideration of all dimensions of sustainability (ecological,

economic, social, and institutional).

These are complimentary to the guidelines on fisheries management.

They provide general information on the issue of sustainable

development of fisheries and why a system of indicators is required

to monitor contribution of fisheries to sustainable development.

TG – 9: Implementation of the IPOA to prevent deter and eliminate IUU fishing

Support implementation of international Plan of Action to prevent, deter

and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IPOA –IUU).

Irresponsible fishing activities undermine the management efforts to bring

sustainability in fisheries.

These guidelines review the measures to prevent, deter and eliminate

illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing contained in the IPOA –IUU.

TG-10: Increasing the contribution of small-scale fisheries to poverty alleviation and food security

overexploitation and depletion of resources, lack of alternative livelihoods, rapid population growth, displacement in coastal areas due to industrial development, pollution and environmental degradation etc.

The first part of the guidelines deal with the current contribution, role and importance of small-scale fisheries in poverty alleviation and food security

The second part explores ways through which their contribution can be enhanced.

TG -11 Responsible fish trade

International trade of fish & fish products -50% from

developing countries

Important source of revenue, employment and foreign

exchange

Provides general advice for implementation of article11.2

Responsible International Trade & 11.3 Laws and regulations

relating to fish trade.

TG -12 Information & Knowledge sharing

Focus on role of information & knowledge sharing in supporting implementation of CCRF.

Information & communication technology infrastructure for flow of information between different stakeholders.

Guidelines aim to facilitate better understanding of the issues involved and ensure that the stakeholders obtain the essential information they require and they make available this information and knowledge for the public good.

Requirements of stakeholders in developing countries recognized in the guidelines.

International Plans of Action (IPOA)

For reducing Incidental Catch of Seabirds in Long line

Fisheries 1999. For the Conservation and Management of Sharks, 1999. For the Management of Fishing Capacity, 1999. To Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and

Unregulated Fishing, 2001.

Implementation

FAO serves as a catalyst and facilitator in the implementation of the Code.

The implementation of the Code at the national level requires extensive involvement of stakeholders.

Creation of awareness of the Code and capacity building is very crucial in the effective implementation.

Collaboration with national agencies (government and non-governmental organizations), regional and international organizations, institutions, the private sector, consumer advocacy groups and fishing communities will facilitate faster implementation.

CCRF in the Indian context

Marine fishing regulations and sustainable management of fisheries within

the territorial waters - jurisdiction of concerned State Govt/UT.

Fisheries development and management of the off-shore and deep-sea

waters - purview of the Union Government.

All the maritime states have enacted Marine Fishing Regulation Act as per

the directives of the Model Bill of the Union Government.

CCRF in the Indian context

Regulatory methods - declaration of closed seasons, protection of

endangered species, prohibition of destructive fishing methods, regulation

of mesh size etc;

Enforcement of many of these measures is very limited and dismal

Need to create awareness of the implications and strategies for

implementation of the Code through Capacity Building programs.

Challenges

Understanding of CCRF and Technical Guidelines involves considerable

efforts

Multi-species multi-gear fishery

Territorial waters – Concerned State(MFRA)

Deep sea waters –Centre

Integration in the Marine Fisheries Policy 2004

Zonation of fishing areas sector wise

Challenges contd…

Deviation from open access to limited access

Safety at sea for small scale fishers –Enforcement of requirement to carry

minimum safety equipment on artisanal boats

Conflicts among common resource users from neighboring States

Lack of standards for Certification of Competencies for fishing vessel

operators particularly multiday fishing

Sustainability Vs Livelihood

Challenges contd….

Enforcement of MFRA with limited manpower

Involvement of community in conservation and management of marine fish

resources

Unsustainable /destructive fishing practices

Inadequate periodic Refresher training courses for Dept of Fisheries

Personnel to keep up with advanced technologies in culture and capture

fisheries