Support the holistic development of children in early childhood Session Four Tuesday 11 March 2014 This week

Support children to understand and accept responsibility for their own actions appropriate to

their level of understanding

Create opportunities for one on one interactions

Model care, empathy and respect for children, educators and families

Join in play and social experiences with other children

Assist and support children when they are having difficulty understanding or collaborate to achieve

goals

Assist children to develop trusting relationships with educators and other adults

Encourage children to respect and regard each other individual differences

Other children play choices and respect children’s choice to watch and observe

Download NSW Curriculum Framework PDF

Download The practice of relationship PDF

Social domain theorists

Erik Erikson (1902- 1994 )

He identified eight separate stages across the lifespan

He believed that in each stage we face a crisis that needs to be resolved in order for us to develop

socially and emotionally

Outcome of the stage is determined by our environment and the caregiving strategies or

experiences we are exposed to

John Bowlby ( 1907 – 1990)

Convinced of the importance of the mother- baby bond and he beleved that this special bond had a

biological basis

Bowlby called the bond between mother and baby and attachment relationship

Mary Ainsworth (1913)

Ainsworth supported Bowby concept of a mother baby attachment process and conducted further research in

this area

Looked at the attachment process in both African and American cultures, identified the characteristics of

a secure and insecure attachment between mother and

baby

Ainsworth studied the behaviors

known as stranger and separation anxiety which young children experience around eight to 15 months of age

The work done by Bowby and Ainsworth on attachment has

had a significant effect on the caregiving practices used

for infants and toddlers in care

Albert Bandura (1925)

Is a behaviorist theorist

Development is a sequence of specific conditional behaviours

Main emphasis is on the environment, not heredity

Focuses on the imitation of behaviours by children

They will imitate their care givers and peers, thus learning much about our society

Urie Brofenbrenner

Sees the world in which the child grows as having a major influence on development

He describes this as two way influence

The personality and behaviour of the child will influence the way people

in the environment will interact with that child

Also believes that the interactions between environmental factors could affect the child’s development

Social development in Toddlers

As Toddlers move towards the age of two stranger

anxiety and separation anxiety begin to decline and

they will settle more easily and quickly into care

situations

For some children however separation from their

usual caregivers can be difficult for some years to

come

Will relate to their temperament and experience

Toddlers continue to need a warm, consistent and

responsive caregiver to feel secure

They need the freedom to explore and be independent

but they also need the security that there is always

support and comfort available when needed

Many toddlers will have a special attachments to

objects such as blankets cuddlies, teddy bears

bunnies, rag dolls or even special pieces of fabric

At around the age of two, toddlers start to show an

interest in other children

They will offen choose to play near other children

or they will stand and watch other children playing

Most children of this age are not ready to interact

and cooperate in play activities

Because they are largely egocentric, they find it

difficult to share and take turns

For a child in the first few years the strongest

social relationship is the attachment relationship

with mothers, fathers and other caregivers

Preschool aged

By three years of age

Will separate more easily (although not always

happily)

From their primary caregiver and take less time to

settle into new situations

Preschoolers see friendship in a very

concrete way

Are spending less time with adults and

more time with other children if given the

to do so

By five years of age

Some children may be ready to stay

overnight at a friend place

Will still cling and want the comfort of

their primary caregiver if sick or tried

or anxious

Friendships in the preschool years tend to

last for a short period of time and are

unstable

School aged:

Growing importance of friends and

friendship groups or the peer group

During middle childhood children tend to

stick with children of same sex

Develop their own ways of interacting

their own in words and may have a dress

code

Conforming to the peer group code of

behaviour is part of belonging to the peer

group

Preschool Play

Play has been defined as children work so

true for preschoolers

Their whole day is filled with the

business of playing and at the end of day

they can be exhuausted from their efforts

Preschoolers need lots of time to play to

learn develop social skills

Additional needs & inclusion ( Special

needs)

Children who are cared for in an

inclsive service

Appreciate diversity

Have better communication and social

skills

Have a greater understanding of moral

values

Having caring friendships

Have greater self esteem

Session three 4th march 2014

Physical Development

Gross motor skills :

Refer to the development and control

of the large muscles in activities

such a running, jumping, hopping and

climbing and so on

Fine motor skills

Involves the development and control

over small muscles of the hands and

fingers

Three main FMS are

Body

management:

Balancing and coordinating the in

stationary positions or during

movement eg; bending, swinging,

climbing

Locomotor:

Involves moving he body in any

direction from one spot to another eg

jumping, skipping, running

Object control

Involves controlling objects like

bats, hoops or balls ether by hands

or feet eg kicking, bouncing ,

batting

Session five 18/3/2014

What is emotional Psychological development

Emotional development involves the growth and change

relating to our inner being our sense of self.

This domain consider personality their feedings of worth

and self esteem and children’s emotional response

Session six 24/4 /2014

Marshmallow test

Language development

Language

Is a complex communication system that enable

interactions between people

Sets up apart from other species

Allows us to explain describe things share ideas find out

more and express our feelings

Expressive language- verbal or spoken language

Receptive language hearing and understanding

Session seven

Cognitive development