to know the structures of

modification(adverbs and adjectives) ;

to distinguish each part of speech in the given activity;

to use the structures of modification in a dialogue.

Objectives:

Structures of Modification(Adjectives and Adverbs)

Adjective as Head

The word that is mostly used as modifier of adjective is a qualifier such as very, rather, prettys,etc. Example:

The sound was loud enough She is very pretty.

Qualifier as Adjective Modifier

Examples:very, quite, rather, somewhat, more, most, less, least, too, so, just, enough, indeed, still, almost, fairly, really, pretty, even, a bit, a little, a (whole) lot, a good deal, a great deal, kind of, sort of.

Qualifiers

Very + Bright = Very bright. The sun was shining very bright.

Pretty + Cool = Pretty cool. His idea to hitch a bus is pretty cool.

Quite + Delicious = Quite delicious. The bread that was baked by mom is quite delicious.

Qualifiers + Adjectives

An adverb that can modify the adjective is adverb that is ended by {-ly}

Example: The widely famous (singer) Accidentally wrong Crazily in love

Adverb as Adjective Modifier

If the adjective comes after the linking verb, the adverb does not modify the adjective anymore. The function is as the modifier of the structure of complementation Example: The house seems clean everywhere.

Extremely + Strange = Extremely strange. I feel extremely strange on that house.

Mysteriously + romantic = Mysteriously romantic. I received love letters from a mysteriously romantic guy.

Lightly + damaged = Lightly damaged. The lightly damaged car was held in the Police station.

Adverb + Adjective

In some special expression, noun can modify the adjective.

Example: stone cold (coffee) sea green (cloth)

Noun as Adjective Modifier

Pool + indoor = The pool was indoor

Baby + asleep = The baby’s asleep.

Daughter + upset = My daughter is upset.

Noun + Adjective

Adjective can be modified by the verb in present participle form (-ing) that usually precedes the adjective, or by to-infinitive that follows adjective

Example: freezing cold Hard to say Boiling hot Good to see

Verb as Adjective Modifier

Blinking + gold = blinking gold. The thief was captivated to the woman’s blinking gold bracelet.

Spinning + loud = Spinning loud = I am destruct by the spinning loud engine.

Hard + believe =  Her story was hard to believe, and it finally was proven to be a lie.

Verb + Adjective

For special expression, adjective can modify the other adjectiveExample: icy cold Dark blue deathly pale

Adjective as Adjective Modifier

Abundant + generous = Abundant generous. The abundant generous man gives charity to the needy.

Courageous + old = Courageous old. I was amazed about the story of a courageous old man in New York.

Hopeless + romantic = Hopeless romantic. That girl is hopeless romantic, she never ha a boyfriend since birth.

Adjective + Adjective

The position of the prepositional phrases as adjective modifier is after the adjective.example: easy on the eyes good for nothing stronger than ever

Prepositional Phrases as

Adjective Modifier

Down the treeUp the hillAround the mulberry bushInto the woodsWith chopped nutsNear a fast-flowing riverWithin the book’s pagesThrough the tunnel

Examples of Prepositional Phrases

In spite ofInstead ofAny moreOn account ofTo the fact thatBecause of

Hungry + because of = I am hungry \because of this diet.

Quickly + in those high heels . You can run pretty quickly \in those high heels.

Prepositional Phrases +Adjective

There are four class words that can modify the adverb.

Qualifiers as Adverb Modifier  Adverbs as adverb Modifier

Noun as adverb modifier

Prepositional Phrases as Adverb Modifier

Adverb as Head

Example: very easily rather slowly happily enough

Qualifiers as Adverb Modifier

Examples:very, quite, rather, somewhat, more, most, less, least, too, so, just, enough, indeed, still, almost, fairly, really, pretty, even, a bit, a little, a (whole) lot, a good deal, a great deal, kind of, sort of.

Qualifiers

More + truthfully = He tell me more truthfully than his brother Elsa.

Almost + Beautifully = The painting was done almost beautifully than I am expecting.

Indeed + sorrowfully = Ben’s story was indeed sorrowfully.

Qualifiers + Adverb

Example: far away, sometimes below

Adverbs as adverb Modifier

Later + today = Later today, I was in a deep thinking.

Often + Inside = Steph saw me often inside the office.

Adverbs + adverb

Example: a meter away some way up

 Noun as adverb

modifier

Example: away for a week behind in his work outside in the cold

Prepositional Phrases as Adverb

Modifier

Words/phrases

Head Function explanation

Large as a thousand churches

Adjective Adjective modifier

A thousand churches are described by the word large which is also an adjective

Empty as a broken jar

 1)  

Longingly  2)    Storm-clouds

 3)    

Within reach  4)    Requires something like a dozen stars

 5)    

Manfully  6)    Rightly  7)    

Ever kindly

 8)    

Delightedly

 9)    

Very simple

 10)    

Stretches from the sea to the sea

 11)    

Soar on his wings from star to star

 12)    

Old peak  13)           

Choose a partner and then create a dialogue using the words/phrases found on the table. Just a brief dialogue and then you will present that to the class tomorrow.

Assignment

Large as a thousand churches Empty as a broken jar Longingly Storm-clouds Within reach Requires something like a dozen stars Manfully Rightly Ever kindly Delightedly Very simple Stretches from the sea to the sea Soar on his wings from star to star Old peak