Sparta

S. Central Greece in Peloponnesus

Founded by the Dorians

HW

FlashCards

Men in Sparta liked to go to fancy dinner parties known as symposiums. Many

guests like to tell riddles! So in the true tradition and culture of the Ancient

Spartans solve this riddle…

“When you look at me, I look at you. When you speak, I open my mouth and move my lips, but you cannot hear me and I can see you. What am I?”

LineageZeus + Taygete Eurotas

Lacedaemon (boy) + Sparta (girl)

Menelaos and Agamemnon(Husband of Helen = Troy)

Ermione (daughter) + Orestes (son)Unite Argos & Sparta = lots of culture!!

http://www.sikyon.com/Sparta/history_eg.html

Sparta a city of culture and the arts?? Say WHAT???? Used to be a polis that loved to Have visitors Dances Arts Musicians Purple dyed robes

I like to call this the ARGOS affect!!I like to call this the ARGOS affect!!

The Argos AffectThe Argos Affect Did these ideas stay around?? I wonder why…………

HEHE….but I am going to keep you in suspense for a little….

Isn’t it great being the teacher!!

Readings on Sparta

Now to learn more about the Spartans

Read page 163 - 164 in the Human Heritage book to find out about the geographic and political organization of Greece and fill in the worksheet

(Individual Work)

More land!!!!

They Accomplished this not by colonization like all the other polises but by conquering their neighbors and enslaving them (Helots)

Helots- Enslaved People!

As Sparta grew they needed. . .

The more land the conquered. . .

the more HELOTS there were Eventually they out numbered Spartans citizens 20

to 1

This makes Spartans paranoid and they must continue to be a very powerful army without any harmful outside influences

They need someone to help them become stable!!

Lykurgos- 776 BC

The reason the Spartans won’t change!! An unchangeable constitution and laws

A GovernmentEqual LandUse Iron for $$ - Not like real $$

Constitution was helped made

by dog pups “Not until I return to Sparta.” http://www.sikyon.com/Sparta/history_eg.html

Spartan Culture

Mission: become the strongest people in Greece and take over all others by force!!How will they do this??

Have only strong people (men) Kill babies that are not healthy

7 year old boys sent to military camp Little food, clothing, sleep outside,

Practice naked no matter temp.

Marry at 20 years old Visit wives secretly

Spartan Culture

Mission: become the strongest people in Greece and take over all others by force!!How will they do this??

Men under 30 years old live and eat in barracks Black Broth - YUMMY!!!!

Cannot retire until they are 60 years old

Spartan Culture Mission: become the strongest

people in Greece and take over all others by force!!How will they do this??

Women were given more freedoms then most Greeks

Don’t need chaperones and can visit freely

Free to own land Abducted at night to be married Could divorce her husband

http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/aegean/culture/womenofsparta.html

Spartan Culture Mission: become the strongest people in

Greece and take over all others by force!!How will they do this??

Spartan Culture

Mission: become the strongest people in Greece and take over all others by force!!How will they do this??

Women must keep in good shape so they can have strong, healthy sons (#1 JOB)

Eat well Wrestle and are in foot races Win or come home on your

shield

More Land

Mission: become the strongest people in Greece and take over all others by force!!

Each healthy child was granted land Unhealthy children

Preventing Change How do the Spartans Prevent Change!?

Use iron rods instead of coins : therefore cannot trade with other poleis

Discourage all foreign visitors Spartans are only allowed to travel if it is for a

military purpose Did not teach literature, math, business, theater,

or art

Instead they remained poor farmers

Xenophobia Define: Fear of Foreign People

Paranoid and distrust inferior peopleNOT ALLOWED to marry foreignersTry to prevent change

The Spartan Adventure

469 B.C.E.

Social Status

Aristocrats

Perioeci

Helots

Aristocrats

•Def- Wealthy People

•Citizens

•Little interest in farming, business or trade

•Main job train for the army and war

•Make lesser people obey by force

Perioeci

•Def- Merchants and artisans who live in the local villages

•Not Citizens and not slaves

Helots

•Farm the land (forced to work the land they once owned)

•Half of their crops must go to the aristocrats who own the land

•Spartans encourage others to hate and fear helots (kill for training)

The Government Oligarchy: Power in the hand of the few

Kings

Members of the Assembly

Ephors

&

Elders

Kings

•1st one king

•Later 2 kings

•Elected by the nobles and aristocrats

•Rule together

•Very little power

•Only job – lead the army and religious ceremonies

Descendants

of Herc

ules

Kings are R

ivals

Members of the Assembly

•All men over 30 years old

•Jobs

•Pass Laws

•Decide War & Peace

Ephors & Elders

•Ephors – 5 new members elected every year (from the Assembly)

•Elders – 28 men over the age of 60

•Jobs

•In charge of public affairs

•Education

•Enforce laws

•Manage Taxes

250 year of military strength comes at a price. . .

As the rest of Greece advances in the areas of trade, science, art, and government, the Spartans stay the same.

The Spartans are happy to be the strong warriors that will help defend Greece!