1. 1 PRINCIPLES OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AEC.1O1 2(2+O) Economics: Meaning, definition, subject matter, divisions, and importance of Economics and Agricultural Economics. Meaning, characteristics, classification and importance of basic concepts like goods, ser i e, a ts, utility, o su ptio , o su ers surplus, alue, price, wealth and welfare. Law of diminishing marginal utility. Indifference curves and budget line concepts. Demand: meaning, definition, kinds, demands schedule, demand curve, Law of demand, extension and contraction V/s increase and decrease in demand. Elasticity of demand: types, degrees of price elasticity of demand, methods of measuring elasticity, factors influencing elasticity of demand. Concepts of firm and industry.Supply: meaning, definition, supply schedule, supply curve, extension and contraction V/s increase and decrease in supply, Law of supply, factors influencing supply. Welfare E o o i s: ea i g, Paretos opti ality. National Income: concepts and measurement. Public Finance: meaning and principles. Meaning and classification of Public revenue, Taxes. Cannons of taxation. Public Expenditure and Budget. Inflation and Deflation: meaning, definition, kinds and control measures.

2. 2 AEC.1O2 2(1+1) Agricultural finance: nature and scope. Agricultural credit: meaning , definition, need and classification. Credit analysis: Rs, Cs & 7Ps of credit, Repayment plans. Time value of money: compounding & discounting. History of financing agriculture in India. Commercial banks , nationalization of commercial banks, lead bank scheme, regional rural banks, scale of finance. Higher financing agencies, RBI, NABARD, AFC, Asian Development Bank, World Bank, Insurance & Credit Guarantee Corporation Of India. Assessment of crop losses, determination of compensation. Crop Insurance: advantages, limitations in application & estimation of crop yields. Agricultural Cooperation: philosophy & principles. History of Indian cooperative movement: pre-independence & post independence periods, cooperation in different plan periods. Cooperative credit structure: Short term(PACS &FSCS) & long term(PCARD). Micro finance & SHGs. Successful co-operative systems in different states.

3. 3 AEC.202 2(1+1) Production Economics : meaning, definition, nature and scope. Basic concepts and terms. Production : factors of production: meaning and characteristics. Natural Resources: meaning and classification. Production functions: meaning and types. Factor-Product relationship; Laws of returns: increasing , constant and decreasing. Determination of optimum input and output. Factor-Factor relationship. Product- Product relationship. Types of Enterprise relationships. Returns to scale: meaning, and importance. Farm Management: meaning , definition, nature& scope. Economic principles applied to the farm business. Types & systems of farming. Farm planning &budgeting. Risk and uncertainty.

4. 4 AEC.203 2(1+1) Market and Marketing: meaning and definitions. Components of a market, and classification. Market structure, conduct and performance. Agricultural Marketing: concepts, definition scope and subject matter. Market functionaries/agencies. Producer surplus, Marketable surplus and marketed surplus. Factors affecting marketable surplus. Market Integration, Marketing efficiency, Marketing costs, margins and price spread. Factors affecting the cost of marketing. Cooperative Marketing. Quality control in agricultural products, AGMARK/FPO. Types and characteristics of agricultural product prices. Risk in marketing: meaning and importance, types of risks in marketing. Speculation and hedging, futures trading, contract farming. International trade: meaning, Domestic V/s International trade, advantages, theories, GATT, WTO, implications of AOA, Market access, domestic support, export subsidies, EXIM-policy and Ministerial conferences.

5. 5 AEC.301 1(1+0) AGRIBUSINESS: meaning, definition, importance and structure of agribusiness (input, farm, product sectors). Agribusiness management: distinctive features, importance of management, definitions of management. Management functions: planning, organization, directing, coordination and controlling. Agro-based industries: importance and need, types of agro-based industries Institutional arrangement and procedure to set up agro- based industries, constraints in establishing Agro-based industries . Production management, marketing management: meaning, definition, marketing mix, market segmentation, product life cycle. Price policy : meaning and methods.

6. 6 SOCIOLOGY AND RURAL SOCIOLOGY : Meaning, Definition, Scope, Importance of Rural Sociology in Agricultural Extension and Interrelationship between Rural Sociology and Agricultural Extension. Indian Rural Society, Important Characteristics, Differences and Relationship between Rural and Urban societies. Social Groups : Meaning, Definition, Classification, Role of Social Groups in Agricultural Extension. Social Stratification : Meaning, Definition, Basis for Stratification, Forms of Social Stratification-Characteristics and Differences between class and caste system. Cultural Concepts :Culture, Customs, Folkways, Ethics, Mores, Taboos, Rituals, and Traditions-Meaning, Definition and their Role in Agricultural Extension. Social Values : Meaning, Definition, Types and Role of social Values. Social Institutions : Meaning, Definition, Major Institutions in Rural Society, functions and their Role in Agricultural Extension. Social Control : Meaning, Definition, Need of Social Control and Means of Social Control. Social Change : Meaning, Definition, Nature of Social Change, Dimensions of Social Change and Factors affecting Social Change. Leadership : Meaning, Definition, Classification, Roles of a Leader, Different Methods of Selection of Professional and Lay leaders. Meaning, Preamble and characteristics of Constitution of India ;Fundamental Rights and Duties ;Dire ti e Pri iples of tate Poli y ;Co stitutio al Pro isio s for Welfare of Cs a d Ts, Minorities ,Women and Children; Union Executive; President, Vice President, Prime minister, Council of Ministers-Powers and Functions; Parliament, Supreme Court of India-Powers and Functions; State Executive; Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers; Legislature and Judiciary :Powers and Functions; Electoral Process; Human Rights Commission-structure ,powers and Functions.

7. 7 AEX.201 1(1+0) Education - Meaning, Definition, Types- Formal, Informal and Non- formal Education and their Characteristics. Extension Education and Agricultural Extension- Meaning, Definition, Concepts, Objectives & Principles. Rural Development- Meaning, Definition, Concepts, Objectives, Importance & Problems in Rural Development. Rural Reconstruction efforts of pre-independence era. Community Development Programme -Meaning, Definition, Concepts ,Philosophy, Principles, Objectives, Difference Community Development and Extension Education. National Extension Service. Panchayat Raj system- Meaning of Democratic Decentralizatoin and Panchayat Raj, Three tiers of Panchayat Raj System, Powers, Functions, and Organizational setup. Agricultural Development Programmes with reference to year of start, Objectives & salient features- Intensive Agricultural District Programme (IADP), High Yielding Varieties Programme (HYVP), DPAP, National Agricultural Extension Programme (NAEP), National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP), Institution Village Linkage Programme (IVLP), Watershed Development Programme (WDP), ATMA, ATIC,NAIP. Social Justice & Poverty alleviation Programmes- Integrated Tribal Development Agency (ITDA), Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP), Swarna Jayanthi Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY), Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar yojana (SGRY), Prime Minister Employment Yojana (PMEY), etc. Women Development Programmes- Development of Women & Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA), Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK), Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) and Mahila Samriddi Yojana (MSY). Programmes for Women Empowerment. New trends in Extension- Participatory approaches, Self Help Groups, Privatization. voluntary Organizations in Rural Development.

8. 8 METHODOLOGIES AEX.301 2(1+1) Communication : Meaning ,Definitions, Models ,Elements and their Characteristics ,Types and Barriers in Communication. Extension Programme Planning : Meaning ,Definitions of Planning, Programme ,Project, Importance ,Principles and Steps in Programme Development Process, Monitoring and Evaluation of Extension Programmes. Extension Teaching Methods : Meaning ,Definition, Functions and Classification. Individual Contact Methods : Farm and Home Visit ,Result Demonstration, Whole Farm Demonstration ,Field trials -Meaning, Objectives, Steps, Merits and Demerits. Group Contact Methods : Group Discussion, Method Demonstration, Field Trips- Meaning ,Objectives, Steps, Merits and Demerits. Small Group Discussion Techniques - Lecture, Symposium, Panel ,Debate, Forum ,Buzz Group, Workshop, Brain Storming, Seminar and Conference Mass Contact Methods Campaign, Exhibition, kisan Mela, Radio and Television - Meaning, Importance, Steps, Merits and Demerits. Factors Influencing Selection of Extension Teaching Methods and Combination (Media Mix) of Teaching methods. E-Communication, Innovative Information Sources : Internet, Cyber Cafs, Video and Tele conferences, Kisan Call Centers, Consultancy Clinics. Agricultural Journalism : Meaning, Scope and Importance , Sources of News , Types, Merits and Limitations. Diffusion and Adoption of Innovations : Meaning , Definition, Models of adoption Process, Innovation-Decision process - Elements, Adopter Categories and their Characteristics, Factors Influencing Adoption Process. Capacity Building of Extension Personnel and Farmers : Meaning, Definition, Types of Training, Training to Farmers ,Farm Women and Rural Youth-FTC and KVK.

9. 9 AEX.302 2(1+1) Entrepreneurship Development : Assessing overall Business Environment in the Indian Economy. Overview of Indian Social , Political and Economic Systems and Their Implications for Decision Making by Individual Entrepreneurs. Globalization and the Emerging Business / Entrepreneurial Environment. Concept of Entrepreneurship ; Entrepreneurial and Managerial Characteristics ; Managing an Enterprise ; Motivation and Entrepreneurship Development ; Importance of planning , Monitoring, Evaluation and Follow up ;Managing Competition ; Entrepreneurship Development Programme ; SWOT Analysis, Generation, Incubation and Commercialization of Ideas and Innovation. Government Schemes and Incentives for Promotion of Entrepreneurship. Government Policy on Small and medium farmers (SMEs) /SSIs. Export and Import Policies Relevant to Agriculture Sector. Venture Capital. Contract Farming and Joint Ventures, Public- Private Partnerships. Overview of Agri inputs Industry. Characteristics of Indian Agricultural Processing and Export Industry. Social responsibility of Business. Communication Skills : Structural and Functional Grammar ; Meaning and process of Communication , Verbal and Non-verbal Communication, Listening and Note Taking, Writing Skills, Oral Presentation Skills ; Field Diary and Lab Record ; Indexing , Footnote and Bibliographic Procedures. Reading and Comprehension of General and Technical Articles , Precise Writing, Summarizing, Abstracting ; Individual and Group Presentation, Impromptu Presentation, Public Speaking; Group Discussion. Organizing Seminars and Conferences. UAS DHARWAD / SSC(AEC & AEX) VS

10. 10 Unit-1: Importance of Agriculture in National Economy; Basic Principles of crop Production; Cultivation of Rice, Wheat, chickpea, Pigeon-pea, Sugarcane, Groundnut, Tomato and Mango. Major soils of India,Role of NPK and their Deficiency symptoms. Structure and Functions of Cell Organelles, Mitosis and Meiosis; Mendelian Genetics; Elementary Knowledge of Photosynthesis; Respiration and Transpiration; Structure and Functions of Carbohydrates,Proteins,Nucleic acids,Enzymes and Vitamins. Major pests and Diseases of Rice,Wheat,Cotton,Chickpea,Sugarcane and their Management. Important Rural Development Programmes in india; Organizational set up of Agricultural Research,Education and Extension in india. Elements of Statistics.Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion,Regression and Correlation; Concept of Probability, Sampling Techniques and Tests of significance. Unit-2: Theory of Consumer Behaviour, Theory of Demand, Elasticity of Demand, Indifference curve Analysis, Theory of Firm, cost curves, Theory of Supply, Price Determination, Market Classification, Concept of Macro Economics, Money and Banking, National income. Agricultural Marketing- Role, Practice, Institutions, Problems and Reforms, Role of capital and Credit in Agriculture, crop Insurance, Credit institutions, Cooperatives, Capital formation in Agriculture, Agrarian Reforms, Globalization, WTO and its Impact on Indian Agriculture.

11. 11 Unit-3: Basic principles of Farm Management, Concept of Farming system and Economics of farming systems, Agricultural production Economics - scope and analysis, Factor - Product relationship, Marginal cost and Marginal revenue, Farm Planning and Budgeting. Agricultural Finance: Nature and Scope. Time value of money, Compounding and Discounting. Agricultural Credit: Meaning , Definition, Need, Classification. Credit A alysis : Rs, Cs a d 7Ps of redit, Repay e t pla s. History of Financing Agriculture in India. Commercial banks, Nationalization of Commercial banks. Lead bank Scheme, Regional Rural banks, scale of Finance. Higher Financing Agencies, RBI, NABARD, AFC, Asian Development bank, World bank, Role of capital and credit in Agriculture; Credit institutions, Co-operatives and Agrarian reforms in India. Unit-4: Extension Education - Concept, Meaning, Principles, Philosophy, Scope and Importance; Extension Programme Planning and Evaluation - Steps and Principles, Models of Organizing Agricultural extension; Historical development of extension in USA, Japan and India. Rural Development : Meaning, Importance and Problems ; Rural Development Programmes in India- Pre-Independence Era to recent ones; Extension teaching methods, Definition and Concept of Sociology, Differences between Rural and Urban Communities, Social Stratification., Social Groups, Social organization and Social Change. Rural Leadership, Educational Psychology Learning and Teaching, Role of Personality in Agricultural Extension , Indian Rural system- Its hara teristi s ; Value system, Caste and Class ; Structure and Customs; Rural group Organization and Adult Education.

12. 12 Unit-5: Communication, Principles, Concepts, Process, Elements and Barriers in Teaching methods. Different kinds of Communication methods and Media and AV aids / Materials. Media mix, campaign, Cyber Extension Internet, Cyber cafe , Kisan Call centers, teleconferencing , Agricultural Journalism, Diffusion and Adoption of Innovations Adopter categories, capacity building of Extension personnel and Farmers Training to Farmers, Women and Rural Youth. Prepared by, Vasanth kumar c Nothi g is i possi le EVERYTHING DEPENDS ON UR WILL POWER -vs