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Social Network Visualization 101
Contact InformationRafia Mirza | Digital Humanities Librarian@LibrarianRafia | [email protected]
Peace Ossom Williamson | Director for Research Data Services@123POW | [email protected]
How to viz
1. Determine what to say 2. Find/collect the data you need 3. Wrangle!4. Clean!
(Repeat 3 & 4 many more times)5. Come to a final product/conclusion
What is Data Viz?
Data Visualization
The graphical display of abstract information for two purposes:• sense-making • communication
https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/book/the-encyclopedia-of-human-computer-interaction-2nd-ed/data-visualization-for-human-perception
Others52%
Heather 1%Lydia 6%
Peace13%
Kaeli 28%
Answering Nursing QuestionsMost nursing questions are not reaching the
nursing team, as we are answering fewer than 50% recorded.
12 am
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 pm
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 pm
0
20
40
60
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Hourly Question Frequency
Chat Questions Total Questions
Data Visualization
The graphical display of abstract information for two purposes:• sense-making • communication
In-Person
Ask a Librarian
Blank
Phone
Appointment
Drop-In
Chat
0 100 200 300 400 500
5
11
36
58
61
102
202
409
How Nursing Questions are ReceivedChat is the primary method, followed by emails. To-
gether, they make up 70% of incoming nursing questions.
Number of questions per semester
https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/book/the-encyclopedia-of-human-computer-interaction-2nd-ed/data-visualization-for-human-perception
Data Visualization
The graphical display of abstract information for two purposes:• sense-making • communication
https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/book/the-encyclopedia-of-human-computer-interaction-2nd-ed/data-visualization-for-human-perception
Potential Actions:
• Put nursing librarians on chat• Inform staff on chat how to answer
common questions• Make contact methods clear to nursing
students• Be available during hours questions are
most often asked
What is Network Viz?
Network Visualization
http://www.markowetzlab.org/pics/dyNet_fig2.jpg
Data visualization involving the visual display of networks via nodes and edges. node
edge
Network Visualization
http://www.markowetzlab.org/pics/dyNet_fig2.jpg
Specifying relationships through nodes and edges.
node
edge
http://www.pfeffer.at/data/visposter/
Types of Network Visualizations• Bibliographic networks (co-
authoring, citation network)• Social networks• Biological networks• Political relationships• Sports (passing, setting up plays)• Power distributions
What is SNA? How does it relate to the discipline of History?
Social network analysis (SNA)
• “Social network analysis (SNA) is the process of investigating social structures through the use of network and graph theories. It characterizes networked structures in terms of nodes (individual actors, people, or things within the network) and the ties, edges, or links (relationships or interactions) that connect them.”• via Wikipedia
• History of Network Analysis (link to ppt)
Social network analysis in History• Networks in Historical Research• “The use of formal network methods for historical research is much more
recent, with only a few exceptions dating back beyond thirty years.”
• Historical Network Research: Network analysis in the historical disciplines• “Among historians, the term network has been used in a metaphorical sense
alone for a long time. It was only recently that this has changed.”
Social network analysis in History• Visualizing Historical Networks Website
• “Kindred Britain is a network of nearly 30,000 individuals — many of them iconic figures in British culture — connected through family relationships of blood, marriage, or affiliation. It is a vision of the nation’s history as a giant family affair.”
International Review of Social History
What types of networks are there?
Types of NetworksExamples
• Undirected• Directed• Weighted
Types of NetworksExamples
• Undirected• Directed• Weighted
Types of NetworksExamples
• Undirected• Directed• Weighted
Types of Networks
How do you structure your data to do network viz?
Setting Up the FileNode 1 Node 2
Peace Rafia
Peace David
Rafia Peace
Peace
Rafia David
Setting Up the FileSource Destination Weight
B A 1
B E 1
C A 1
C E 1
C D 1
A
B C D
E
Setting Up the FileA B C D E
A 0 0 0 0 0
B 1 0 0 0 1
C 1 0 0 1 1
D 0 0 0 0 0
E 0 0 0 0 0
A
B C D
E
Setting Up the FileSource Destinations
B A E
C A D E
A
B C D
E
Setting Up the FileNodeID Attr1 Attr2
A yellow 1
B green 3
C orange 5
D yellow 3
E blue 1
A
B C D
E
AttractivenessEnsure the following:• Related nodes are close• Groups of related nodes are
clustered together• Sufficient empty space between
nodes, minimal overlapping
http://www.markowetzlab.org/pics/dyNet_fig2.jpg
Attractiveness
Measures of centrality•Degree•Betweeness•Closeness•Eigenvector
Features
Star Wars social networks: The Force Awakens
Evelina Gabasova
Quality function to be minimized:
•xi – location of node i•aij – weight of edge between notes i and j•α and β – attraction and repulsion parameters
Statistics
β = -7 β = -6 β = -5 β = -4 β = -3
Attraction = 2Repulsion = -1
Attraction = 2Repulsion = 0
Attraction = 2Repulsion = 1
A Co-Citation Network for Philosophy
Kieran Healy
ApplicationsFun
• Truthy & Hoaxy• Moviegalaxies• LinkedIn InMaps Socilab
ApplicationsCreating
• Gephi• Cytoscape• NodeXL• Sci2• igraph
FILE TYPE Edge List/ Matrix
XML Edge Weight
Attributes Viz Attributes
Hierarchal Graphs
CSV
DL Ucinet
DOT Graphviz
GDF
GEXF
GML
GraphML
NET Pajek
Gephi: The Open Graph Viz Platform
Gephi is the leading visualization and exploration software for all kinds of graphs and networks. Gephi is open-source and free.
Introduction to Network Analysis
Thomas Padilla & Brandon Locke
Examples• Sample data sets• snap.stanford.edu/data• www-personal.umich.edu/~
mejn/netdata• wiki.gephi.org/index.php
/datasets
Visual complexity
Questions?
