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This work is licensed under a Crea2ve Commons A6ribu2onNonCommercialShareAlike 4.0 Interna2onal Licence. Should openness be the default approach in higher educa2on? Liz Masterman ALTC 2014: Riding Giants 3 rd September 2014 CC BY Liz Masterman

Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

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My presentation at the ALT-C Conference 2014. Notes are in a separate document.

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Page 1: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

This  work  is  licensed  under  a  Crea2ve  Commons    A6ribu2on-­‐NonCommercial-­‐ShareAlike  4.0  Interna2onal  Licence.  

Should  openness  be  the  default  approach  in  higher  educa2on?  

Liz  Masterman  ALT-­‐C  2014:  Riding  Giants    3rd  September  2014  

CC  BY  Liz  M

asterm

an  

Page 2: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Why  should  openness  be  the  default?  

“The  world’s  knowledge  is  a  public  good”    (Atkins,  Brown  &  Hammond,  2007)  

…and  all  people  should  have  free  access  to  it.    “‘Open’  …  op2mizes  the  possibili2es  for  the  advancement  of  knowledge  …  necessary  to  tackle  the  increasing  complexity  and  scale  of  the  world’s  ques2ons  for  Research.”  (Van  der  Vaart  et  al.,  n.d.)    

Page 3: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Areas  of  focus  in  the  study  

•  Sharing  and  reusing  resources  •  Characteris2cs  of  open  pedagogic  models  •  Learning  in  an  open  world  •  Sharing  educa2onal  knowledge  openly  •  The  influence  of  openness  in  research  Semi-­‐structured  interviews  informed  by  literature  14  academic  staff  1  each  of:  learning  technologist,  staff  developer,  librarian  

Page 4: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Sharing  and  reusing  resources  

Images  accessed  from  h6p://ww1centenary.oucs.ox.ac.uk;  CC  BY-­‐NC-­‐SA  University  of  Oxford    

Page 5: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Open  pedagogic  models  

“social  interac2on,  knowledge  crea2on,    peer-­‐learning,  and    shared  learning    prac2ces.”  (Ehlers,  2011)  

CC  BY-­‐NC-­‐SA

 Jenn

ifer  K

ontax  via  Flickr  

Public  dom

ain  

 

Page 6: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Open  pedagogic  models  1.  a.  The  teacher’s  role  changes  from  source  of  

 knowledge  to  learning  adviser.    b.  The  student  takes  responsibility  for  their  learning,    including  what  they  learn.  

2.  Knowledge  is  co-­‐constructed  through  mutual  interac2on  and  reflec2on  between  teacher  and  students.  

3.  The  development  of  knowledge  and  skills  required  for  tackling  and  solving  problems  has  priority  over  subject-­‐centred  knowledge  transfer.  

4.  Students  learn  primarily  from  each  other,  as  a  community.  

Page 7: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Open  resources  as  outputs  from  learning  ac2vi2es  

CC  BY  Liz  M

asterm

an  

Page 8: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Professional  learning  through  open  educa2onal  knowledge  

CC  BY-­‐NC-­‐SA  University  of  Oxford  

Page 9: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

The  influence  of  open  prac2ces  in  research  

CC  BY  David  Grémillet  via  Wikimedia  Commons  

Page 10: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

Making  openness  the  default  in  learning  and  teaching  in  Higher  Educa2on    

h6p://dic2onary.cambridge.org  

Page 11: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

CC  BY  Liz  M

asterm

an  

A  metaphor  for  openness  as  the  default…  

Page 12: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

CC  BY  Liz  M

asterm

an  

*   [email protected]    

   www.it.ox.ac.uk/eet  

   

     

@dotEliza  @ltgoxford  

With  acknowledgements  to  Dr  Chris  Davies  (PI)  Jennifer  Allen,  Steve  Albury  and  Jessica  Chan  (research  assistants)  

Page 13: Should openness be the default approach in higher education? (ALT-C 2014)

References  Atkins,  D.  E.,  Brown,  J.  S.,  &  Hammond,  A.  L.  (2007).  A  Review  of  the  Open  Educa9onal  Resources  (OER)  Movement:  Achievements,  Challenges,  and  new  Opportuni9es.  Menlo  Park,  CA:  The  William  and  Flora  Hewle6  Founda2on.  Beetham  et  al.  (2012):  Beetham,  H.,  Falconer,  I.,  McGill,  L.  and  Li6lejohn,  A.  Open  Prac9ces:  Briefing  Paper.  JISC.    Ehlers,  U.-­‐D.  (2011).  Extending  the  territory:  From  open  educa2onal  resources  to  open  educa2onal  prac2ces.  Journal  of  Open,  Flexible  and  Distance  Learning,  15(2):  1–10.    Van  Acker,  F.,  Van  Buuren,  H.,  Kreijns,  K.  &  Vermeulen,  M.  (2013).  Why  Teachers  Share  Educa2onal  Resources:  A  Social  Exchange  Perspec2ve,  in  R.  McGreal,  W.  Kinuthia  &  S.  Marshall  (eds.),  Open  Educa9onal  Resources:  Innova9on,  Research  and  Prac9ce  (pp.  177–191).  Vancouver:  Commonwealth  of  Learning  and  Athabasca  University.  Van  der  Vaart,  L.,  van  Berchum,  M.,  Bruce,  R.,  Burgess,  M.,  Hanganu,  G.,  Jacobs,  N.,  …  Stokes,  P.  (n.d.).  “Open”  as  the  default  modus  operandi  for  research  and  higher  educa9on.    n.p.:  e-­‐InfraNet.