10/04/2023 YOUTHWORK 251 - Recreation and Youth 1

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS and YOUTH HEALTH

Presented by Helena & Kelsie

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Definitions

Youth

All men and women aged between 12 – 24 years old.

Youth Development Strategy Aotearoa, 2002

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Definitions

Socio-economic status

is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family’s economic and social position relative to others,

based on income, education, and occupation.

Wikipedia, 2010

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Income

The health of a population is affected more by the degree of inequality of income distribution than by the level of wealth per se.

• Low quality food could lead to lack of nutrition.

• Lower income families often cut the food budget after paying for fixed costs such as rent

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Income - Diet

Food security refers to having reliable and sustainable access to affordable foods of high nutritional value, and is a key determinant of whether or not such foods will be consumed.

Pacific households experienced higher rates of food insecurity than other New Zealand households

Less than half of households with dependent Pacific children could afford to eat properly all the time, compared to the national average of 78 percent.

The University of Auckland, 2010

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Income – Diet (Pacific)

A Pacific youth health study for Waitemata DHB found that generally there is an acceptance by Pacific youth that many will be overweight.

Study participants saw this to be because food is an important

element of Pacific culture, and the types of food that are eaten are not likely to change and are the primary cause of being overweight

Leger, 2005

“We do have choices but at home we have to eat what is put in front of us”

18 year old Samoan girl

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Education

Provide knowledge of information• How to budget household expenses• Where to get the best buy for one’s money• When paying less is a good strategy• What foods are nutritious• How to keep the children healthy• When it’s necessary to visit the doctors or not

People who are well educated tend to have friends who are well educated and are thus better able to help them out with information and support.

Ross and Huber, 1985: 323 as cited by Barwick, 1992

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Education

Level of education improves access to health information- most health information comes in written form, making it virtually inaccessible to people with limited literacy. Similarly, people with limited literacy cannot discover how to access appropriate health services, and are too embarrassed to seek help.

Unhealthy lifestyle practices- people with limited literacy are more likely than others to smoke, take little exercise, have poor nutrition and fail to participate in health screening programmes.

Grosse and Aufrey, 1992 as cited by Barwick, 1992

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Gilbert-Kahl Model

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Gilbert-Kahl’s classes

• Capitalist• Upper Middle Class• Middle Class• Working Class• Working Poor• Underclass

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Definitions

Health

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”

World Health Organisation, 2010

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Definitions

Health

In NZ, it is important to consider the Māori concept of health which has various dimensions

• Wairua (spiritual)• Hinengāro (mental)• Whānau (family)• Tinana (physical).

Māori define health broadly, and recognise the importance of the environment.

Department of Health, 1984 as cited by Barwick , 1992

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Definitions

HealthBlaxter (2001) defines health under nine sub-headings

which are the following- ‘Not-ill’- Absence of disease/health despite disease- Reserve- A behaviour/’healthy life’- Physical fitness- Energy/vitality- Function- Psycho-social well being- Social relationship

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Physical Activity

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Health – It`s YOUR choice

Youth made video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UQXj4Pj1M6A

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ReferencesBarwick, H. (1992). The impact of economic and social factors on health. Wellington: The Public Health

Association of New Zealand.

Blaxter, M. (2001) What is health? (pp. 21-27) In Davey, B., Gray, A. and Seale, C. (Eds) Health and disease: A reader. 3rd Edition. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Leger N. 2005. Pacific Youth Health Project Report. Unpublished report commissioned by the Clinical Resource Research Centre, Waitemata District Health Board.

Ministry of Health. (2008). Pacific Youth Health: A paper for the Pacific Health and Disability Action Plan Review. Wellington: Ministry of Health.

Ministry of Youth Affairs. (2002). Youth Development Strategy Aotearoa. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Youth Affairs

Socioeconomic status. (2010, September 27). Retrieved September 15, 2010, from Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socioeconomic_status

The University of Auckland. (2010, June). A National Survey of Children and Young People's Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviours in New Zealand: 2008/09 - Key Findings. Retrieved September 15, 2010, from New Zealand Ministry of Health: http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/indexmh/national-survey-cyp-physical-activity-dietary-behaviours-08-09-sept2010

World Health Organisation. (2010). Definitions. Retrieved September 15, 2010, from World Health Organisation: http://www.who.int/hac/about/definitions/en/