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WELCOME
SEPOY MUTINY REBELLLION OF 1857
slide prepared by Nasim Ahmed Jony
SEPOY MUTINYINDIA’S FIRST WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
Indians Insurrection
Indian Mutiny
Rebellion Of 1857
The Uprising of 1857
CAUSES OF THE MUTINY
Political Causes: The policy of expansion pursued by the British created discontent among the princes.
Social causes: The continuous interference of English in basic way of living, traditional beliefs, values and norms was seen by masses as threat to religion.
SOCIAL REFORMATION TOOK PLACESATIFemale InfanticidePolygamy Introduction of Rail Lines and Telegraph spread fear
They could hardly know the feelings of the vast multitude, which providence had placed under their rule.
ECONOMIC CAUSES: Adverse Effect of Industrial Revolution
In Indian Trade and Industry. Handicraft Completely Collapsed and
Craftsman were Impoverished.
Religious Causes: Christian Missionaries Converted People to Christianity.
Superior civil and military officers abused the name of Ram and Muhammad.
IDOLATRY WAS DENOUNCEDMilitary Causes: Emolument of Bengal Army was Comparatively
Low
Aversion to overseas service, as travel across the seas meant loss of caste for them.
The privilege of free postage enjoyed by the sepoys was withdrawn with the passing of the Post Office Act 1854.
Immediate Cause: Enfield Rifle: A rumour had broken that the
new cartridge enclosed in a paper covered with the fat of cow and pig
ONSET OF THE MUTINYOn 29th March Mangal
Pandey of the 34th BNI, angered by the recent actions of the East India Company, declared that he would rebel against his commanders.
He Shot at Sergeant Major James Hewson
MAJOR PLACES WHICH WERE INVOLVED Meerut Delhi Agra Allahabad Oudh Awadh Kanpur Jhansi Lucknow Punjab
APRIL 1857Unrest and fires at Agra, Allahabad and Ambala.
■ Meerut▪ 24april on parade 5 Refused to use cartridges.▪ 9 May 1857, 85 Sepoys were court martialled.▪ Next day their companions attacked the jail.▪ Officers & civilians were killed. ▪ rebels had marched off to Delhi.
DELHI: On 12th May 1857, Delhi was in
custody by rebels.▪ Bhahadur Shah II was persuaded to support ▪ 50 up Europeans were shot deadLoss of Delhi was a prestige loss for British.● On 20th September British regained Delhi.● Arrested The king● The king died in 1862.
ASSAULT OF DELHI AND CAPTURE OF THE CASHMRE GATE, 14 SEPTEMBER 1857
OUDH (LUCKNOW) The revolt broke out on
4th June 1857. In March 1858, the city
was finally recaptured.The rebels driven to Nepal border to die in bad climate or captured by Gorkhas
ATTACK OF THE MUTINEERS ON THE REDAN BATTERY AT LUCKNOW, 30 JULY 1857
JHANSI In June 1857, the troops at
Jhansi revolted. Rani Laxmibai (widow of Raja
Gangadhar Rao)was declared ruler.
Tantia Tope joined her after Kanpur was lost.
On 3rd April 1858, Sir Hugh Rose recaptured Jhansi.
CAUSES OF FAILURE OF THE REVOLT
The revolt was localized and was poorly planned.
The British had better resources than the rebels.
The revolt was feudal in character
THE LEADERS LACKED MILITARY SKILLS.
The native princes did not join the revolt
The educated Indians did not support the revolt.
As the British had control over the sea, they were in a position to pour into India both men and materials with practically no difficulty.
IMPACT OF THE REVOLTThe Transfer of Power Declaration of Queen VictoriaNo rise in Land RevenueDecline of Muslim Aristocracy in Indo-Gangetic Plains
The Indian army was reorganized. Included Sikhs, Gurkhas & Pathans
THANK YOU