Upload
ncc-cct
View
72
Download
6
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
STORMSPREVENTION
SECONDARY LEVEL
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
IN THIS LESSON YOU WILL LEARN
●What is a storm?●What causes a storm?●Signs of a storm.●Types of storms.●The damage and impact of storms.
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WHAT IS A STORM?
A storm is any disturbed state of an environment or the earth's atmosphere affecting its surface and implying severe weather.
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Do you know what a storm is?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Weather is not always the same. You can tell so by looking outside or find out about the weather by watching weather forecasts on the TV, Internet, Mobile phone apps, Radio and so on.
Do you know what a storm is?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms are a natural
phenomenon and can’t be
“prevented” but you can be more aware and better prepared if they do affect you.
Weather is not always the same. You can tell so by looking outside or find out about the weather by watching weather forecasts on the TV, Internet, Mobile phone apps, Radio and so on.
Do you know what a storm is?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms may be marked by strong winds, hail, thunder and/or lightning.
Do you know what a storm is?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Video
What causes a storm?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
What causes a storm?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A storm is caused by a high or low pressure area creating winds and storm clouds
Image courtesy of Vlado at FreeDigitalPhotos.net
What causes a storm?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms are created when a center of low pressure
develops with a system of high pressure
surrounding it. This combination of opposing forces can create WINDS
and result in the formation of STORM
CLOUDS.© Copyright Richard Croft and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence.
What causes a storm?
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Small localised areas of low pressure can form from hot air rising off hot ground, resulting in smaller disturbances such as dust devils and whirlwinds.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
• High winds
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
• High winds • Clouds
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
• High winds • Clouds• Precipitation – rain, snow, ice,
sleet, hail
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
• High winds • Clouds• Precipitation – rain, snow, ice,
sleet, hail • Thunder and lightning
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
• High winds • Clouds• Precipitation – rain, snow, ice,
sleet, hail • Thunder and lightning • Storm surges
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms can include one or more of the following types of extreme weather:
• High winds • Clouds• Precipitation – rain, snow, ice,
sleet, hail • Thunder and lightning • Storm surges • Hurricanes
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WIND
Wind is air that is in motion.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WINDThe sun heats the Earth’s surface. As the Earth’s surface heats, so does the atmosphere. Some parts of the Earth receive more direct heat and stay warmer ,while others are cooler. Warm air weighs less than cool air and so it rises. As it does, cooler more dense air replaces the risen warmer air. The movement of that air is what causes wind.
Source: NOAA
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WIND
The speed of wind is measured with
a special instrument called an ANEMOMETER
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A strict meteorological definition of a terrestrial storm is a wind measuring 10 or higher on the
Beaufort scale.
Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort devised the
scale in 1805WIND
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WIND
The Beaufort scale
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WIND can change how warm or cold we feel:
FASTER WIND MAKES YOU FEEL COLDER!CHILL – the temperature your body feels as a result of the outside temperature and wind speed.
WIND
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
WIND
CLICK TO
WATCH A
VIDEO
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
CLOUDS
Clouds are formed when a mass of warm rises up over a mass of
cold air.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
CLOUDS
The range of ways in which clouds can be formed and the variable nature of the atmosphere results in an great variety of shapes, sizes and textures of clouds.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
CLOUDSCUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS
CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS are heavy and dense low-level clouds, extending high into the sky in towers, plumes or mountain shaped peaks. The base is often flat and very dark, and may only be a few hundred feet above the Earth’s surface.
© Copyright Richard Croft and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
CLOUDS
CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS are associated with thunderstorms and atmospheric instability. These clouds are capable of producing lightning and other dangerous severe weather.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
CLOUDS
NIMBOSTRATUS CLOUDS are dark grey or bluish grey featureless layers of clouds, thick enough to block out the sun. These mid-level clouds are often accompanied by continuous heavy rain or snow and cover most of the sky.
NIMBOSTRATUS CLOUDS
Source: Met Office
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
If there is HAIL, THUNDER or LIGHTNING it is a CUMULONIMBUS CLOUD rather than NIMBOSTRATUS CLOUD
CLOUDS
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A FUNNEL CLOUD is a cone-shaped cloud which extends from the base of a cloud towards the ground without reaching the ground. They are formed in the same way as a tornado, building around an area of intensely low pressure and are typically associated with the formation of cumulonimbus clouds.
FUNNEL CLOUD
© Copyright Tony Atkinand licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Check out the following link from the Met Office in the UK to know more about clouds
http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/clouds
CLOUDS
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Or check out this video
CLOUDS
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATION
PRECIPITATION is any form of water formed by condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere falling from the sky.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATIONRAIN
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATIONRAIN
HAIL
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATIONRAIN
SLEET
HAIL
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATIONRAIN
SLEET
HAIL SNOW
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATION
RAIN
RAIN is water that is condensed from theaqueous vapour in the atmosphere and falls to earth in drops from as small as 0.5mm in diameter to 6mm.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATIONHAIL
Hail is showery precipitation in the form of irregular pellets or balls of ice. Their diameter can range from 5 to 50mm or even more, and fall on
earth from a cumulonimbus cloud.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATION
SLEET
SLEET is frozen precipitation that partially melts as it falls to
the ground.
Signs of a storm
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
PRECIPITATION
SNOW
SNOW is precipitation in the form of ice crystals, combining to become
snowflakes. The snowflakes become heavy enough to fall to the ground.
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A storm that generates lightning and thunder, it is usually accompanied by heavy precipitation.
THUNDERSTORM
Source: Kevin Wadsworth, The Met Office
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Watch this Met Office video
THUNDERSTORM
Source: Kevin Wadsworth, The Met Office
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A snowstorm is a heavy fall of snow accumulating at a rate of more than 5 centimetres (2 inches) per hour that lasts several hours.
SNOWSTORM
© Copyright David Stowell and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence.
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A blizzard is accompanied by gale-force winds, heavy snow (accumulating at a
rate of at least 5 centimetres (2 inches) per
hour, and very cold conditions (below
approximately -10 degrees Celsius or 14ºF.
BLIZZARD
© Copyright Andy Dolman and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A wind storm is a storm marked by high wind with little or no precipitation. High winds are also the cause of Dust Storms and Sand Storms in dry climates.
WIND STORM
© Copyright David Baird and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A hailstorm is a type of storm that precipitates round chunks of ice. Hailstorms usually occur during regular thunder storms. While most of the hail that precipitates from the clouds is fairly small and virtually harmless, there are occasional occurrences of hail greater than 2 inches in diameter that can cause much damage and injury.
HAILSTORM
© Copyright Mat Fascione and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A tropical cyclone is a storm system with a closed circulation around a centre of low pressure, fuelled by the heat released when moist air rises and condenses. Tropical cyclones are distinguished from other cyclonic storms such as nor’easters and polar lows by the heat mechanism that fuels them, which makes them “warm core” storm systems. Tropical cyclones form over oceans, and depending on their strength and location, there are various terms by which they are called, such as tropical depression, tropical storm, hurricane and typhoon.
TROPICAL CYCLONE
Types of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
A tornado is a violent, destructive wind storm occurring on land. Usually its appearance is that of a dark, funnel-shaped cloud. Often tornadoes are preceded by a thunderstorm and a wall cloud. They are often called the most destructive of storms, and while they form all over the world, the interior of the United States has the most prone areas, especially throughout Tornado Alley.
TORNADO
Commons Wikimedia
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms result in numerous weather-related impacts,
both inland and around the coast
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms result in numerous weather-related impacts,
both inland and around the coast
FLOODING
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms result in numerous weather-related impacts,
both inland and around the coast
FLOODING
STORM SURGE
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms result in numerous weather-related impacts,
both inland and around the coast
FLOODING
STORM SURGE DIFFICULT TO MOVE AROUND
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Storms result in numerous weather-related impacts,
both inland and around the coast
FLOODING
STORM SURGE DIFFICULT TO MOVE AROUND
HIGH WINDS
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
STORMS CAN CAUSE FLOODING:
FLOODING
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
STORMS CAN CAUSE FLOODING:➢Heavy rain may cause the water level to rise
FLOODING
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
STORMS CAN CAUSE FLOODING:➢Heavy rain may cause the water level to rise➢Drains can be blocked during storms and water has no where to go
FLOODING
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
STORMS CAN CAUSE FLOODING:➢Heavy rain may cause the water level to rise➢Drains can be blocked during storms and water has no where to go ➢Melting snow can sometimes cause flooding after the storm has passed
FLOODING
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
Strong winds, high tides and tidal surges acting in combination create huge waves, known as a storm surge.
STORM SURGE
© Copyright David Baird and licensed for reuse under the Creative Commons Licence
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
High winds can damage houses and buildings – they can blow tiles off of roofs, damage windows, blow loose items around. Dirt and other material can be blown into people’s eyesHigh winds can make it difficult to walk.High winds can make it difficult to drive, particularly for lorries, cars towing caravans and other large vehicles. Very high winds can actually blow vehicles over, which is very dangerous.
HIGH WINDS
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
•Slippery paths and roads
DIFFICULT TO MOVE AROUND:
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
•Slippery paths and roads•Snow can block paths and roads, especially if there are large snow drifts
DIFFICULT TO MOVE AROUND:
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
•Slippery paths and roads•Snow can block paths and roads, especially if there are large snow drifts•Cars, trains and buses may not be able to travel or may get stuck
DIFFICULT TO MOVE AROUND:
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
High winds can damage trees and shrubs and can cause trees to fall down.
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
High winds can damage trees and shrubs and can cause trees to fall down.Falling trees can damage buildings and cars.
The damage and impact of storms
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
High winds can damage trees and shrubs and can cause trees to fall down.Falling trees can damage buildings and cars. Falling trees can also injure or kill people.
REMEMBERStorms may be marked by strong winds, hail,
thunder and/or lightning.
Storms can be very dangerous.
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters 77
Thiseducational resourcehasbeenproducedbythepartnersofthee-PPRProject(e-Learningfor thePrevention,PreparednessandResponsetoNaturalDisasters)withthesupportoftheErasmus+programme.
Unlessotherwisestated, thiseducational resourceislicensedunder aCreativeCommonsAttribution-ShareAlike4.0 InternationalLicense.Itisattributedtothepartnersofthee-PPRproject.Furtherinformationcanbefoundatwww.e-ppr.eu
Theauthorsarecommittedtorespectingtheintellectual propertyrightsof others,andhavetakenall reasonableeffortstoensurethatthereproductionofcontent(text,pictures,etc.)hasbeendonewiththefull consentofcopyrightholdersandthatall copyrightholdersareacknowledgedinsuchreproductions.If youfeel thatyour copyrighthasnotbeenfullyrespected,[email protected].
Ifyouaregoingtousepartsofthecontentwithmaterialswhosecopyrightholder(s)is/arenottheauthors,itisyourresponsibilitytomakesureyoudoso,respectingtheoriginalholder’scopyrights.
ThiscontentisthesoleresponsibilityoftheprojectpartnersandcaninnowaybetakentoreflecttheviewsoftheEuropeanUnion.
e-Learning for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Natural Disasters 1
Copyright Statement