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Forms of the Noun

Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

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Page 1: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

Forms of the Noun

Page 2: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

Nominals include substantives (nouns),

adjectives, and numbers.They are the same in form

and use.

Page 3: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

Absolute & Construct

Page 4: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. Absolute State The form memorized as vocabulary word

Fully accented

2. Construct State Related closely to the word that follows

Weakly accented

Page 5: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

Two or more nominals are moved so closely to one another that

they form a linguistic unit and at the same time also express a unit

of meaning.

Page 6: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

Construct State is a variation of accent with a

syntactical function.

dwID" !B, Son of David

absolute

state

construct

state

definite

word

determining

word

Page 7: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

Most of the time we can use “of” to connect the two words that make up the

construct chain.

Page 8: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

The word in construct state loses its primary stress. In the tone syllable, the long vowels qamets (ā) and tsere

(ē) can be shortened to patach (a).

In the pre-tone syllable, a Schwa or short vowel will appear.

Examples:

« םד םד

ר ב ר« ד ב ד

ק « ןז ק ןז

Page 9: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. In a construct chain, the nominal in the absolute state carries the primary stress.

2. The nominal in construct state changes its form accordingly.

3. When an original short “a” now appears in an unaccented, closed syllable, it normally changes to “i” (Chireq).

Page 10: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

st abs st c st abs st cPrimary Stress

antepenultimate

syllablePrimary Stress

antepenultimate

syllable

רית ב ה ם ד ית ב ה ן ק ז

וד ד ר ב ד איש ה ב ב ל

וד ד י ר דב

Page 11: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

ןב « ןב יא הלה « םהלהיא

ל ךמ ל «ךמ א ץר א « ץר

םיו « םיו ישא « ישא

ית ב ית «ב שאר «שאר

םע « םע ד י ד «י

ר ב ד ר ב « ד ירע «ירע

ןיע « ןיע ) םש (־םש « םש

ש פ נ ש פ « נ דא ח דא «ח

Page 12: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun
Page 13: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. Singular

2. Plural

3. Dual indicating 2 of something

number and measurement

parts of the body (or things that occur in pairs)

Page 14: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. Masculine nouns have no distinct ending in singular.

2. Feminine nouns have 2 different singular endings:

absolute state: ה

construct state: ת

ה תו ר instruction (law)

ת םהלהיא תו ר the instruction (law) of God

Page 15: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. Dual endings are the same for both genders.

2. Absolute state: ~yI ;ñ

3. Construct state: y e

םיו a day

י םיו מ two days

י* יו מ two days of

ה פ ש lip

י ת פ םש (two) lips

Page 16: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. Masculine

absolute state: י ם

construct state: י

2. Feminine is same for both: ו ת.

Page 17: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

סוס a horse

םסוסי horses

י סוס horses of …

ה סוס mare

סוסו ת mares [or mares of …]

Page 18: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

masculine feminine

st a st c st a st c

Singular – – h ' t ;Dual ~yI ;ñ y e ~yIt;ñ ' ytePlural ~y i y e tA

Overview of Nominal Endings

Page 19: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

As a result of a shift in the tone syllable, the vowels often

change with the addition of endings on nouns.

See § 10.

Page 20: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

ני םב « ןב מי םי « םיו

שיא םנ «ישא תי םב ית «ב

י ד דו ת/םי י ד «י שיא םנ « ישא

םמיע « םע םשיאר «שאר

םריע «ירע מו ת ש « םש

רי ב םד ר ב « ד לבו ת ב «ל

יע םינ « ןיע דו לי ד לי/םג םג דו ל «ג

נו ת ב ת «ב םגו י «גו י

Page 21: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun

1. ק יז נ ןב

2. ל ךתו רו תמ

3. ת םהלהיא תו ר

4. ביע ינ ד אב

5. רכ ה ב ןד

6. יכ ה ר ןדב

7. ה כ ל תמ ב

Page 22: Schneider: Section 16 Forms of the Noun