RESEARCH 9

The constant changes and rapid development brought

about by scientific discoveries in our present-day world are

in effect products of the researches undertaken in

different fields of endeavour. Even the fields of educational,

social, and behavioural sciences offer unlimited

opportunities for research. As of today, virtually every field of life has been touched by

research.

WHAT IS RESEARCH ??? The continuous discovery and exploration of the

unknown. It entails an investigation of new facts leading to the

discovery of new ideas, new methods, or improvements.

An attempt to widen one’s outlook on life. KNOWN to the UNKNOWN Something new in the possession of the truth. Its end product is the discovery of truth.

METHODS OF RESEARCHA. Historical is the process of systematically examining past events to give an account of what has happened in the past.

B. Case and clinical studies it describes the behavior of the group as a whole

C. Descriptive is used to describe characteristics of a population

or phenomenon being studied.

D. Experimental It has a control group, the subjects have been randomly assigned between the groups, and the researcher only tests one effect at a time.

TECHNIQUES OF RESEARCH

A. Questionnaire

B. Observation

C. Interview

According to PAREL:“Research is a

systematic study or investigation of

something for the purpose of answering

questions posed by the researcher.”

IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH• Vehicle for mobility• Shaping the nation’s future• Brought about progress • Better life for all• Shows relation of the different

ideas and draw conclusions based on one’s readings.

Social and behavioural researches are systematic methods of exploring, analyzing and conceptualizing social life and human behaviour…..to “extend, correct or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in the construction of a theory or in the practice of an art.”

RESEARCHER… A person who has an inquisitive mind Researcher’s PRIMARY GOAL – distant or immediate

– is to explore and gain an understanding of human behaviour and social life. (Applied research)

“pure” or “basic” research They often serves both scientific curiosity and

practical goals at the same time.

OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH

• to answer a specific question• to solve a particular controversy or issue

PURPOSE OF RESEARCH

• to seek new knowledge• to provide useful information in the form of

verifiable data

Marañon:(1) The continuous search after

new knowledge of a fundamental nature

(2) The development of technically trained people of various levels to man science agencies, industrial firms, and allied organizations

ACCORDING TO DE POY & GITLIN (1994)Five Basic Sources that Professionals use to select a topic and a researchable problem….

• Professional experience• Professional trends• Published research• Societal trends• Existing theory

• Novelty and avoidance of unnecessary duplication• The importance of the study to its field• Interest, intellectual, curiosity and drive• Training and special qualification• Availability of data and choice of method• Special equipment and working conditions• Sponsorship and administrative cooperation• Costs and returns• Hazards, penalties and hardships• Time factor

ACCORDING TO GOOD(1972)Criteria for the selection of a problem ….