“I am very happy at school. I have very good marks. My brother is also

in my class ”

Sara said that she was very happy at school and that she had very good

marks. She said that her brother was also in her class.

SARA

We’ll see its use, the back-shift (changes in the verb tenses),

changes in pronouns and time/place expressions.

We use reported speech when we want to report what another person has said.Therefore, verbs usually change to the past. This is called …

When transforming check whether you have to change:

pronounsplace/time

expressionsverb tenses

Direct speech Reported speechsimple presentMary said: “ I am at home”

simple pastMary said that she was at home.

present progressiveMary said: “ I am watching a film”

past progressiveMary said that she was watching a film.

present perfectMary said:” I have been very busy”.

past perfectMary said that she had been very busy.

simple pastMary said: “ I was in New york”

past perfectMary said that she had been in New York.

past perfectMary said: “ I had been there”

past perfectMary said that she had been there.

going to-futureMary said: “ I am going to travel”

was/were going to + infinitiveMary said that she was going to travel.

Modals with back-shiftCan-Couldmay-mightwill- would

Must- had toShall-should

Modals without back-shiftwould, could, might, should =ought to, used to,

would like to, had better

Mary said I don’t know your name”Mary said that she didn’t know name.

Tony said: “ My mum will be in the station in five minutes”Tony said that mum would be in the station in five minutes.

his

: “

(:) (“and ”) Typical in

direct speech

Common

sense

my

1.Sam said: “I don’t like going to the cinema.”

Sam said that he didn’t like going to the cinema.

2.Lisa said: “My mum is going to visit me soon.”

Lisa told me that her mum was going to visit her soon.

3.The president said: I’ll always help poor people”.

The president said that he would always help poor people.

4.The students said: “We want to practice more because grammar is difficult.

The students told me that they wanted to practice more because grammar was difficult.

For commands in reported speech we use introductory verbs like tell+object pr. or advise + infinitive with 'to'. To express negative commands use 'tell' or 'advise' + not + infinitive with 'to'.

Danny said, "Leave the room immediately!"Danny told him to leave the room immediately.Mary said to her sister, "Don't run so fast!"Mary told her sister not to run so fast.

we use 'suggested' + VERB ending in -ING in reported speech or that sb SHOULD+ INF.

John: “why don’t we go to the cinema?/Let’s go to the cinema”/Shall we go to the cinema?/How about going to the cinema?”

John suggested going to the cinema.John suggested that we should go to the cinema.

Complete the sentences in reported speech. "I was very tired," she said.→ She said "Be careful, Ben," she said.→ She told Ben "I will get myself a drink," she says.→ She says "Why haven't you phoned me?" he asked me.→ He asked "I cannot drive them home," he said.→ He said "Peter, do you prefer tea or coffee?" she says.→ She asks Peter "Where did you spend your holidays last year?" she asked me.→ She asked me He said, "Don't go too far."→ He advised/told her "Have you been shopping?" he asked us.→ He wanted to know "Don't make so much noise," he says.→ He asks us

Taken from: http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?11

He said, "I like this song."→ He said "Where is your sister?" she asked me.→ She asked me "I don't speak Italian," she said.→ She said "Say hello to Jim," they said.→ They asked me "The film began at seven o'clock," he said.→ He said "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said.→ She told the boys "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.→ She asked him "I never make mistakes," he said.→ He said "Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.→ He wanted to know "Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience.→ The stuntman advised the audience