RENIN ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM

sadaqat ali

synthesized as a preprohormone (prorenin)

synthesized and stored in the juxtaglomerular

apparatus of the nephron

An important modulator of angiotensin production

RENIN

Plays a key role in the regulation of

fluid and electrolyte balance

arterial blood pressure

Excessive activity can result in

hypertension

disorders of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis

ANGIOTENSIN II

Blood Pressure

Increase BP

Adrenal Cortex

stimulate aldosterone synthesis

Actions

Kidney

increase proximal tubular sodium reabsorption

inhibit the secretion of renin

Actions

Central Nervous System

increase secretion of vasopressin

increase secretion of ACTH

Cell Growth

mitogenic for vascular and cardiac muscle cells

Actions

AT1 receptor → Gq-coupled receptor

AT2 receptor → nitric oxide mediated

Receptors

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Captopril, enalapril

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

Losartan, valsartan, irbesartan, candesartan,

olmesartan, telmisartan

Renin Inhibitors

Aliskiren → Inhibits catalytic activity of renin

Drugs

CNS → neurotransmitter

GIT → transmitter in ENS and as a local hormone

Involved in behavior, anxiety, depression, nausea, and emesis

a potent arteriolar vasodilator

causes contraction of venous, intestinal, and bronchial

smooth muscle

stimulates secretion by the salivary glands

causes diuresis and natriuresis by the kidneys

SUBSTANCE P