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By Mr Faizal Parish, Global Environment Centre, Work on Peatlands in South East Asia / Networking
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ASEAN Peatland Forests Project ASEAN Peatland Forests Project
(APFP)(APFP)
Regional Project
Executing Agency
Regional Collaboration for fire prevention and
sustainable management of peatlands in SE Asia
Faizal Parish, Chee Tong Yiew, and Chin Sing Yun
APFP Regional Project Executing Agency
International Conference on Wetland Forests
Brunei 22-23 March 2012
PresentationPresentation
�� Peatlands in Se AsiaPeatlands in Se Asia
�� Fire and hazeFire and haze
�� Brunei issuesBrunei issues
�� ASEAN responsesASEAN responses
�� Fire prediction and warningFire prediction and warning
�� Best management practicesBest management practices
�� CollaborationCollaboration
Peat Swamp Forest is the main Peat Swamp Forest is the main
wetland type in Se Asiawetland type in Se Asia
Kampar
Sumatra
Peatlands cover 25 million ha in Se Asia
RPEA
:ASEAN Peatland Forests Project (APFP)
Source: Sarvision
Peatlands provide water and prevent floods
Peatlands have high Biodiversity
People in Peat swamp Forest in PahangPeatlands Feed communities
Fishing, Pahang, MalaysiaSource: UNDP-GEF PSF Project
Peatlands support communities
Jelutong - Chewing Gum tree, Indonesia
CO2 CO2 CH4CH4
N O2ГВ
Peatlands regulate climate
.
Peatlands in SE asia store 70 billion tonnes of carbon twice as much as all forest biomass
PeatlandPeatland degradation and fires lead to GHG degradation and fires lead to GHG
emissions and hazeemissions and haze
Peatland fires lead to transboundary Smoke haze
MODIS image June 2005 -Red dots: firesCourtesy MODIS Rapid Response Team
© NASA TOMS1000 km
Smoke Haze is the most serious regional
environment problem in ASEAN
BadasBadas pipeline road, Bruneipipeline road, Brunei
Sand mining in peat Sand mining in peat -- SeriaSeria BypassBypass
TransboundaryTransboundary PeatlandPeatland
Institutional Frameworks Institutional Frameworks
developed by ASEAN Member developed by ASEAN Member
StatesStates
�� ASEAN Agreement on ASEAN Agreement on TransboundaryTransboundary HazeHaze
�� ASEAN ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Management Initiative Management Initiative
(APMI) & ASEAN (APMI) & ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Management Management
Strategy (APMS) 2006Strategy (APMS) 2006--20202020
�� National Action Plans on National Action Plans on PeatlandPeatland (NAP)(NAP)
��APMS identifies key actions related to APMS identifies key actions related to
integrated integrated peatlandpeatland management, fire management, fire
prevention, maintaining carbon stores and prevention, maintaining carbon stores and
minimizing GHG emissions.minimizing GHG emissions.
ASEAN ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Forest ProjectForest Project�� Support implementation of ASEAN Support implementation of ASEAN PeatlandPeatland
Management Strategy 2006Management Strategy 2006--2020 and 2020 and NAPsNAPs
�� Finance: IFADFinance: IFAD--GEF, coGEF, co--funding Governments, EUfunding Governments, EU
�� Development of pilot projects in 4 ASEAN countries Development of pilot projects in 4 ASEAN countries ––
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Viet Nam; Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Viet Nam;
�� Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia and Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia and
Lao PDR involved in regional activitiesLao PDR involved in regional activities
�� Identification and promotion of BMP for Identification and promotion of BMP for peatlandpeatland
�� PeatlandPeatland Fire Prediction and warning systemFire Prediction and warning system
�� Promoting and demonstrating Promoting and demonstrating BMPsBMPs
�� Implemented 2009Implemented 2009--20142014
Development of the ASEAN Development of the ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Fire Prediction & Fire Prediction &
Warning System (Southern ASEAN Region)Warning System (Southern ASEAN Region)
ASEAN Peatland Forests Project (APFP)RPEA
:
Regional Peat Fire
Prediction & Warning
System
Fire Danger Rating System
– operated by Malaysian
Meteorological Department
Hotspot Monitoring –
operated by ASEAN
Specialised Meteorological
Centre
Maps of peat areas
and fire-prone
peat areas
oOverlay of
FDRS maps on
peatlands
oOverlay of
Hotspot maps
on peatlands
oAlert System
Disseminate to
end users
oWeb
oEmail
oSMS etc
Indosat - British TelecomFrame Relay
NMC
MelbourneRMC
Singapore
BMG VSAT
Link
Bawil I
Medan
Bawil IICiputat
Bawil III
Denpasar
Bawil IV
Ujung Pandang
Bawil VJayapura
RouterCisco 2611
Router
Cisco 2509
Telephone
Modem DOV
BMG LAN
BACKBONE
CCU1 STRATUS CUMULUS
Switch 100 mbps
MAIN DATA SERVERCMSS
CCU2
DATA ENTRY
Computer 2 Computer 3
Computer 1 Computer 4
Satellite
Satellite dish
Geostationary
Satellite (GMS)
Polar Orbiting
Satellite (NOAA)
Satellite
Aircraft
Weather Radar
AerosondeRadiosonde
Seawatch
Buoy
Shiping observation
Surface observation
station
WEATHER OBSERVATION
Automatic weather
Station (AWS)
Maritime
observation
Satellite Control
Station
Rainfall
station
Geostationary
Satellite (GMS)
Polar Orbiting
Satellite (NOAA)
Satellite
Aircraft
Weather Radar
AerosondeRadiosonde
Seawatch
Buoy
Shiping observation
Surface observation
station
WEATHER OBSERVATION
Automatic weather
Station (AWS)
Maritime
observation
Satellite Control
Station
Rainfall
station
MultimediaMultimediaStudioStudio
Climate & Air Climate & Air Quality CenterQuality Center
Meteorological Meteorological CenterCenter
RDBMSRDBMS
&&
GISGIS
processingprocessing
Fire Danger
Daily Information
InternetInternet
Fire Danger Short Term Forecast
Weekly synopsis
Fire Danger
Long Term Forecast
Monthly and Yearly
Seasonal
Web WebWeb, Monthly ReportSeasonal Publication
External AgenciesExternal Agencies
Forestry Dept, Agriculture &Forestry Dept, Agriculture &
Plantation Dept, LAPAN, BPPT, Plantation Dept, LAPAN, BPPT,
Environtment Dept, NGO,TV media, etcEnvirontment Dept, NGO,TV media, etc
FDRS
Weather data system 300 stations
Real time Weather data Decode 16.00 LST
FDRS maps processing(16.15 LST)
Existing FDRS configuration
Daily Operational FDRSDaily Operational FDRS
FDRS INTERPRETATION
National Scale
FIRE WEATHER INDEX
CLASS FIRE
CHARACTERISTIC
S
FIRE
SUPPRESSION
DIFFICULTY
LOW Creeping surface fires
No control problems unless fire is deep burning
MODERATE Surface fires may spread vigorously or with moderate fire intensity*
Fire can be controlled by direct attack with hand tools and water
HIGH Fast spreading or moderate to high intensity fire
Fire control requires power pumps and/or fire break construction using mechanized line-building tools
EXTREME Fast spreading or high intensity fire
Very difficult to control. Indirect attack using drip torches from control lines may work
Increase station number from 39 to 168Increase station number from 39 to 168
39 station
Peninsular - 26
East Malaysia - 13
168 station
Peninsular - 132
East Malaysia - 36
10 June 2011 10 June 2011
Risk of fire in drained peat in Risk of fire in drained peat in
North and south SelangorNorth and south Selangor
Regional Project
Executing Agency
Pilot Project the State of
Selangor, Malaysia
http://www.met.gov.my/fdrs/http://www.met.gov.my/fdrs/
● Zoom to Peninsular & East Malaysia
● Google Map
● Peatland area
�� Danger rating used to guide preventive measures Danger rating used to guide preventive measures
and allocation of resources and facilitate patolling and and allocation of resources and facilitate patolling and
warning actionwarning action
Cooperation with plantation sector to prevent fires
Promote BMPs eg Good water management .
WATER RETENTION ALONG COLLECTION
DRAINS (one weir for every 20 cm difference
in water level)
Avoid impacts on adjacent Avoid impacts on adjacent
peatlandspeatlands
Block Abandoned drains
Community fire prevention and control
Peatland Nursery Technique
From seedFrom seedWildingWilding
Rehabilitate degraded sites
ConclusionsConclusions
�� Peatland degradation and haze is a common problem in ASEAN Peatland degradation and haze is a common problem in ASEAN countriescountries
�� By working together countries can develop common solutionsBy working together countries can develop common solutions
�� Coordination and exchange can enhance effectiveness and Coordination and exchange can enhance effectiveness and learninglearning
�� Engagement of communities, private sector and local Engagement of communities, private sector and local government is key to changing actions on the groundgovernment is key to changing actions on the ground
�� Common approaches and standards as well as joint action can Common approaches and standards as well as joint action can lead to rapid progresslead to rapid progress
�� Brunei should enhance its involvement in the implementation of Brunei should enhance its involvement in the implementation of the ASEAN Peatland Management Strategy including fire the ASEAN Peatland Management Strategy including fire prevention and rehabilitation and transboundary cooperation.prevention and rehabilitation and transboundary cooperation.
Thank youThank you