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Reading StrategiesBefore, During & After Elementary EducationRED 4348Amanda Lowman

+Reading Strategies

Before Reading- This will help students prepare for the reading.

During Reading- These are tools and strategies that will help the student understand the content while they are reading it.

After Reading- These strategies will help the student comprehend what was read.

+Before Reading…

Activate Prior Knowledge Set a purpose for reading Explore New Vocabulary Complete a K-W-L Chart Skim through the text

+Activate Prior Knowledge

Find out what you already know about what you will read.

Set a starting point for which the content will begin.

+Set A Purpose For Reading

Relate the text to real world experiences. Give a reason and meaning to the lesson (the bigger

picture). Get your students excited about reading!

+Explore New Vocabulary

Pull words that may be unfamiliar and spend time defining and describing them.

Pull words that may be hard to pronounce and practice them as a class.

Use context clues in the text to discover meaning.

+K-W-L Chart

Know- What do the students know about what they’re going to read? Do they know the writer? Do they know the topic? Do they know where it takes place?If yes to any of these find out what they do know and place it in the “K” Column.

Want to Know- What do they want to know about what they will read? What excites them? What makes them want to read the text?

Learned- Completed in the After Reading Section

+Skim

Skimming through the text can help the students become familiar with the text and essentially more comfortable.

Have them review the headings, titles, pictures, font, page numbers, etc.

A general (not detailed) flip through a book.

+Great Job!

You’ve completed the beginning stages of reading! What do we do now….....

READ!!

+During Reading

Find the Hot Spots Story Maps Making Inferences Visualize Partner Reading

+Find the Hot Spots

This is a strategy/game that the students can do while reading.

How does it work? (Bursuck & Damer, 2011, p. 318) Hand the students a variety of colors of Post-It Notes. Have the students place a pink Post-It on words they do not

know. Have the students place a green Post-It on pages they were

excited about. Have the students place blue where the author write about

a problem.

+Story Maps

Story Maps are a form of a graphic organizer. Story Maps focus on understanding and retelling stories

(Bursuck & Damer, 2011, p. 287). Categories that can be used for a Story Map:

Characters Setting Problem/Conflict Attempts to correct the problem or conflict Resolution Lesson/Big Idea/What was learned

+Making Inferences

This can be thought of as- reading between the lines. The students subconsciously make sense of the

material being read by reading the text and finding information not directly given by the author.

This is useful with the Question-Answer-Response method.

+Visualize

This will help the students better understand what they are reading.

Encourage your students to make pictures in their heads as they read.

You could even have them illustrate a scene in the story that would help them better understand the setting or conflict happening at that moment.

This also helps your ESE and students with disabilities as it will give them another form of receiving information.

+Partner Reading

Partner Reading is just as the name says- it is two people reading a text together.

This is a great way to pair students based on abilities. Students can then use accountable talk to discuss the

text and make inferences.

+Awesome!!

You just finished reading!! Now what??

AFTER Reading Strategies!

+After Reading Strategies

Timelines Venn Diagrams Retell the Story Complete the “L” portion of K-W-L Think-Alouds

+Timelines

Timelines are great for texts that require students to reflect on dates or a series of events.

Students will begin at the left end of a line with the oldest or first event and will continue to the end of the line, ending with the last event.

Students can focus on the core information in the text rather than the details of it.

This could be a great study guide for students as well.

+Venn Diagram

A Venn Diagram is a great way to help the students pull information together.

Draw two circles with the inner edges overlapping to create a third circle in the middle. The students will focus one circle on a specific set of information as well as the second circle while the circle in the middle will be how the two are alike.

This is great for comparing and contrasting texts or events.

+Retell the Story

Retelling the story will help the students connect the dots in the text and state it in their own words to show comprehension.

You can have an entire class read the same text but each student will get something different from it. Having them all share what they read can bring clarity to other students.

+Complete “L” Portion of K-W-L

The “L” Portion of the K-W-L chart will show what the students have learned.

Revisit what they “Knew” to see if they were right. Revisit what they “Wanted to Know” and see if you can

answer their questions. This is a great way to link before reading strategies

with an after reading strategy.

+Think-Alouds

Think Alouds are a great way to get your students to share their thoughts with you and with one another.

The teacher describes their thought process as they read to model comprehension strategies for the students. Ie: I know that when John went to the store Mary did… Ie: When Sally was crying it reminded me of... You could also link it to their current vocabulary or a current

event happenin

These are effective when tackling a difficult text.

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+References:

Bursuck W.D., Damer, M. (2011) Teaching reading to students who are at Risk or Have Disabilities: A Multi-Tier Approach (2nd ed.) Boston, Ma; Pearson Education Inc.

George R.R. Martin Quote. (2016). Retrieved March 31, 2016 from, https://quotefancy.com/quote/109/George-R-R-Martin-A-reader-lives-a-thousand-lives-before-he-dies-The-man-who-never-reads.