“Reading is not an elective in life, but a necessity.”

Jon Scieszka

Chapter 1: Overview of Reading and Reading Problems

Presented by: Melissa Antonelli, and Jaclyn Clark

INTR

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Case studies of five students showed a trend in lack of literacy skills in later Elementary school.

Poor reading skills keep students from the capability of understanding textbooks and completing homework.

The primary responsibility belongs to the classroom teacher. Inspire a love of reading!!!

This text presents instructional strategies, diagnosis tools, and motivational ideas to help develop readers.

READING PROBLEMS: A NATIONAL DILEMMA National Perspective Societal woes stemming from lack of literacy

Unemployment increases High school drop outs Increase of criminal charges Growth of poverty Lack of family values

Statistics 85% delinquent children/ 75% prison inmates are illiterate $224 billion a year (Cost to taxpayers of adult illiteracy) $40 billion annually (Lose to U.S. Companies from illiteracy) 90 million adults are functionally illiterate Only 57% of Americans read a book in 2002 17.5% / 1million children encounter reading problems

READING PROBLEMS: A NATIONAL DILEMMA

74% of children unsuccessful in 3rd grade are still unsuccessful in 9th grade!

High tech world needs highly trained people!

Efficient readers are key to retraining and maintaining employment

Research shows… Reading failure rises major public health problem ELL are at a higher risk for problems Identify problems early will cause timely intervention

PERSONAL STORIES AND HELP

HELP…•School-or state-sponsored programs•Title 1 programs•IDEA-2004•Private reading education therapists

Nelson Rockefeller41st Vice President

Henry WinkerThe Fonz!

Jay LenoComedian

Tom Cruise Actor

Charles SchwabFounder

DIFFERENT MODELS OF READING ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTION

Response-to-Intervention (RTI) Instructional method for all students in general knowledge Evidence or Research based instruction Learn to read using evidence-based method

Evidence-Based Instruction No Child Left Behind Rigorous, systematic, objective procedures to obtain

knowledge Research has shown errors in this instruction Assessment occur only if intervention does not work Set up using Tiers of Intervention

TIERS OF INTERVENTIONINCREASING LEVELS OF INTENSITY OF INSTRUCTION

Tier 1 High-quality all students Scientific or evidence based

Tier 2 Smaller groups – Supplemental program

Tier 3 More intense intervention Instructional/behavioral support Comprehensive assessments Go back a Tier at any point

when struggling

THE COMPONENTS MODEL OF READING CMR

Identifies the components of reading Targets components (difficulty)

Components of Reading

Word Recognition

Phonological Awareness

Reading Fluency

Reading Comprehensio

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Reading Vocabulary

Reading Enjoyment

DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Focus…

Teaching towards each student’s way of learning and interests

Not standardized Basic Beliefs

No two children are alike No two children learn in an identical way It is not possible to treat everyone one the same

when it comes to learning An enriched environment for one student is not

necessarily an enriched environment for another Use Diagnostic Assessment Determine Student Interest Identify Student Style

HOW DOES A STUDENT CONSTRUCT MEANING IN READING?

Contribution of the Reader

Contribution of the

Written Material or

Text

Constructing Meaning

of a Reading Passage

Contribution of the

Reading Situation

KEY ELEMENTS OF TEACHING READING

Early Literacy Word Recognition Reading Fluency Reading Comprehension Reading Vocabulary Reading-Writing Connection Enjoyment and Appreciation

REFERENCEJENNINGS, J. , CALWELL, J. & LERNER, READING PROBLEMS: ASSESSMENT AND TEACHING STRATEGIES (6TH ED.) BOSTON: PEARSON. 2010