コEEIIII ReadingSkills and Strategies回 PreViewing Vocabulary Read the words and phrases bdow ttsten to the

pronunciation.Put a check rnark( )next to the vvords that you know.FOrthe words

that you don′ t know dor7′ l uSe a dictionary Try to understand them fronn the reading

You′ |luvork with some of these words in the activlties.

NounS

□ aspects

□ constitution

□ contrasts

El discipline

□ indigenous people

□ native people

□ prirnary school

□ secondary school

□ statistic

□ status

□ tuition

□ values

verbs

□ achieve

□ afford

o deterlnlnes

□ reflects

□ value

AdiectiVes

□ compulsory

□ egalitarian

□ entire ‐

El identical

□ isolated

□ I・ ural

□ universal

□ vocational

ldioms

□ on the one hand

EEl on the other hand

EduCation:A RefleCtion of Society

0鸞判鸞Icnkatthe山ぃand diSC暇搬…に1. Wllere is each scelle takillg place?What iS happellillg?

2. What lllight be silllilar abotlt eclllcatioll in these coulltl・ ies・ 2 Ⅳlake gtlesses

3.Wllat nlight be(lifferellt abollt educatioll ill these coulltries?L`ake guesses

4. Ill your oplllioll,wllat al・ e illlpol・ tant cultural vallles ill eacll of t,llese coulltries?

ヽHigh school students in Japan

Getting Meaning frorll Context

When you read′ you do not need to look up the rlleanlngs of a‖ new wordsin a

dictionarμ YOu Can often guess the rneanings ofrnany new words frorn the

context― ―the Other words ln the sentence and the other sentences in the

paragraph.Here are three types of clues that w‖ l help you guess new words.

1. Punctuation:sometimes a sentence gives a definition of a new vocabulary

itenl orinformation aboutit.丁 his inforrrlation rnay be in parentheses( ),after

a dash(一 ),or after a comma(′ ).

EXannple

丁here is a drawback′ a disadvantager to thatidea.

lDra″わ∂Ck means disadyantage.)

2. Another sentence:sometimes a clue to the rlleaning of a new vocabulary

item is in another sentence or sentence part. r

EXample

A SChool system ln one country is notidentica:to the system in any other

count呼 lt cannot be exactly the same because each culture ls different.

(ln the second sentence,you see the rneanlng ofidentical― ¬eχactly:わe same.)

3. LOgic:sometirnes sirTlp!elogic helps you to guess a new word.

Exannple

The educational system is a rlllrror that reflects the culture.

(You probably know the word mirroι so yOu can guess thatrefrects means

sわOM/s.)

Primary schoo:students in Mexico

A university studentin England

chapter l 口●"

= High schoo!science students in the United States

■口凛 Education and student Life

Eコ Getting Meaning from context tthis exercise will help you wtth vocabulary

that you wi‖ find in the first reading selection..Read the sentences,Figure out the

meanings of the underlined vvords fronn the context and Write therll on the lines.

1. On the one hand,there are nlally advantages to this system.On the other

hand,there are also several drawbacks

on the one hand=

on the other hand=

2.In a number of coullthes,education is both COmpulsory― required――and

un市 ersal,avanable tO evel・ yolle,at least ill primary sc1901(elementary school)

compulsory=

universal=

prlrnary school=

3. There are many lllore schools hl cities than ill rural areas

rural

4. Public schools are all botll fl・ ec・ all(l egalitarialli all students are considered

equal and learll the sallle lllateritll.

egalitariall=

College studellts neecl glヽ eat`liSCiplille;ill ol・ cler to lnake tillle for their studies,

they lleed the self― colltrol to give t11)hobbies,sports,and social life.

(liscil〕 lille=

6.Results on these exams affect tlle(‐ lll.11・e hlllily because tllere is high,131い ,Or

social position,for a whole falllily lll、 vllicll chilclrell have high test scores,

entire=

ア. Students themselves decicle if tllcy、 vallt college― preparatory or vocational

classes in high sch001;1lo llatiOllal cxalll detorlllines this for thelll.

n ArtiCle As yOu read the fo‖ owlng selection′ think about the answer

1/yhal car7 Vye learr7∂ bOυla Cυ′ltrre from its edυ calior7al System?Read

not use a dictionary Then dO the exercises that fo‖ ow the readlng.

EduCation:A Ref:ection of society

Visit schools allywhere in the world,and you will probably notice a

number of sinlilarities.There are students,teachers,books,blackboards,

and exanls evewhere.Howevet a school systenl in one country is not

identicalto the system in any other countlvLIt Cannot be exactly the same

becatlse each culture is different.The educational system is a nliFor that

remects the culture.Look atthe school systen■ ,and you wlll see the social

structure and the values ofits culture.

Mexlcoln Me対co,the educational system reiects some of the countryb mal■ y

contrasts.On the one halld,it is beheved that the nation can achieve

eqllality of rights fOr everyone ιん,っ zιgん θttιθαιJOη .me basis oftlle Me対 can

educational systenl is tlle countryb constitution,which was written in

1917.It req■lires education to be free,compuisory,alld llniversalo lt also

states that education should support national■ lnity and lead to social,

econonuc, and cultwd ilnprovement of tlle people.At lower levels,this

nlealls that there is en■ phasis on the co■ llltryb rich cultural history.Chilclren

write llistorical essays,participtte in activities for national ho■days,and

Кad abollt national heroes‐ especially native people(IndiarLS).HOWevet

it is otten difflcult to provlde education in rlural areas,where lnany of the

indigenolls people live. People in these areas i翠 ℃ poOr and isolated

geOgraphicalし There tten't enougll schools,arld rtlral teachers nlust be

able to teach an slx grades Of prinlary school.Also,traditions alllong solne

indigenous people do not句燿)iCally include school attendance。

Japan

釉 e Japarlese value education hightt One statistic reflects this:tlle

Japanese place such inlportance on education that 88 percent ofall students

conlplete not only pHmary school but also high school.Pubhc sellools are

all both free and egalitarian;all students are considered equal and leattn the

sanle lnaterial.For social reasons,itt inlporlant for a student to receive a

lln市ersity degree_alrld a degree frOm“the right universi尊 "To reach this

gOal,students have to gO through“ exalrunation hen."lhere are difrlcult

exallls for elltrance to attl lllliversities,to nlany of the better pnmary and

secondary schools,arLd eVen to someル j%αO,フげ t(貌S!S神anese students

need great discipline;lrl order to lnake time for their studies,they need tlle

self― colltrol to give up hObbies, sports, and social life. Results of these

exallls affect the entire fanlily because there is high stttus,or social

position,for the whole fanlily when the children have high test scores.

chapter l 口"ロ

■■口 Education and student Life

Britain .

In tlle United KingdOm(Britain),the educational system renects the

dass systemo All state Ochools― primav7 Secondaryp arld llniversity―are

free,and the frst nine yearsだ re(ヽ gali`il l・ 1lt tl;all students lem the sarne

material.At age eleven,students切巌e an imporlant national exarno After

this, they attend one of ttree pOSSible secondtt schools: collogepreparatoryp VC)(。 lttiolllli cfor jOb traininD,or COnlprehensive(With both

grOups of students).HoWeve■ 6 percent of British students attend

expensive private schools.These are students from upper― class falnilies.

Half ofthe students at Oxford and Camb五 dge universities come from such

expensive secondary scho01S.It might seem that anyone can,11・ lilDI・ litO gO to

a llmversity because all lmiversLies are free,but only l percent ofthe lower

class gOes tO universit「 Because graduates froln g00d universities get the

bestjobs,itis dear that Success iS largely a result of oneb social dass.

The united states ・

Education in the United Sttttes is available to everyone,but not all

schools are equal. PllbliC primary and secondtt schools are iee for

everyone;there is no Flllllo11.Almost 80 percent of all Ame五 cans are high

school graduateso Students themselves decide if they want college―

preparatory or vocational classes in high schooL no luiOnal exan■

〔lく 1ヽ(ヽ 1・1111lles this.Higher education is not free,b■ lt it is available to almost

anyone,arLd abOllt 60 percent of an high schOol graduates attend college or

umversiじ Older people have the opporttmity to attend conege,t00,because

AmeHcans belie■ e that“you're nevertoo old to leam。 "()ll ill(ヽ ol:lt,r ili111(|,

there are alSo problems in UoS.schoolso ln lnany seconda理 /schools,there

are problems with lack of discipline allLd With drugs and crimeo ln addition,

public schools receive their money from local taxes,so schools in poor

areas receitt less money.As a result,they dont have enough g00d teachers

or laboratory equipment,and the buildings are often not in good condition.

Cle劉転 UoSo educttion re■ects both the best and the worst ofthe socle与

conclusion

lt is clear that each educational systenl is a reflection of the larger

culture一二both pOsitive and negative llsi)く くヽ'tS Of its economyp values,and

social stmcture.Look at a countryb schools,and you wi1llearn about the

society in which they e対 st.

口 ldenuf口 ng the Main idea ttnd One sentence m Pamgmph A thatseemsto

be the rnain idea of the entlre reading passage.Then find another sentence in Paragraph

F thatSeems to mean aboutthe same,write thern here.

Fronl Paragraph A:

Frolll Paragraph F:

■ Understanding Readng structure Paragraphs dMde Юadng matend mtO

topics′ or suttectS.One paragraph is usua‖ y about one toplc.Match the paragraphs

from the reading on pages 6-8 wlth their topics beloぃ 晩ヽvrite the letters of the

paragraphs on the lines.

1. ____Conclusion:Education as a re■ ection of society

2. ____― A country that places a lot ofilnportance on education and lnakes

students take difficult exams

3. ____― A country that offers educatioll to everyone but also has problems in its

schools

4. ____― A country where equality and national unity are il■ portant

5. _A country where social class is very lnportant

6. ____― Introduction:Education as a rrurror of a culture

:dentifying the Main idea

A reading passage rnay include many ldeas′ butthere is only one main ldea.This is

the rllost impOrtant ldea′ or point,of the reading.:tls the rnain polnt,thought′ or

opinion that the author has about the topic.:tis an″ umbre‖ a″ that includes a‖

of the rnore speclfic ideas and detalls.丁 he rllaln idea is usua‖ y stated in the

introduction.often′ itis repeated in the conclusion.

chapter l ■●0 口●● Education and student Life

1.

2.

3.

4.

5。

6.

ア.

■ CheCking Your VocabJaw check yott undestandng d VOCabub口 Om the

reading selection.Read the definltlons below and lArrite words and expressions that fit

these deflnitions.丁 he letters in parentheses refer to paragraphs in the reading.

a paper containing the laws that a countly is based oll(B)= `

Indians(B)=

fcar away fl・ om toヽ 1■lS Or Cities(B)

a school forjob training(D)

to have enough molley for sOmetllillg(D)

feeS(molley)ftDl'educatioll(E)

sides,parts,characteristics(F)

寵 肝 柵 器 肥 獅 ∬ 鷺 LI常 翼 期 よ悧 F鳳 胞 ∬

student chooSe one country.Fil1 0ut the positive and negative aspects of that country′s

educatiOnal system.When you finish′ share yourinformation wlth the students ln your

group and complete the chart vvlth theirinforrnation.

Negative ASpeCtS

口 Discussing the Reading ln smallgroups′ talk about your answers to these

questions about a country that you know we‖ .

1.Are there both private schools and public schools?Is public education free,or

do students need to pay tuition?

2. Do FnOSt Students gO tO secondary school?Do rnost students complete high

school?Do many students gO tO c01lege or university?

3.Are there di∬ erent types of high schOols(fOr example,college― preparatory or

vocational)?

4. What are some advantages Ofthe educational system?Disadvantages?

Positlve AspeCtS

嵩l冨侃l脚‖思li魅驚穐洲ve as"cも d∞ma‖唱6“hお

an educational systenl).Sometimes,these are easy to find because the writer

uses the words ad1/antages and diSadyarllages′ but frequently these words don′ t

appear lnstead′ you need to 100k fOr other words and expressions that show

Opposite viewpoints,Such as οr7 t17θ Or7θ ttar7d)Or7 1わ eO[わerわ ar7a btrt and

掏οtte1/er

one way to organize this lnforrnation is ln a graphic organizen one effective

graphic organizer to shoW positive and negative aspects lS a T‐ chart(ca‖ ed a

T‐ chart becabse itis Shaped like the letter T).

You Can work wtth a T‐ chartin the next actiV:与

EduCation ln North America and ASia _

ln a western socieじ such aS the united states or canada,that has many natlonal′

religious′ and cultural differences,people highly value individua:ism― the differences

among peoplc■―and independent thlnking.Students do not often rnemorize information.

lnsteadrthey find answers themselves,and they express theirideas in class discussion.At

an early age′ students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

ln most Asian societies by contrast,the people have the same language′ histor"and

culture,Perhaps for this reason′ the educational system in much of Asia reflects soclety′ s

beliefln group goa:s and traditions rather than individualism.ch‖ dren in china′ Japan′

and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.ln the classroonl′

the teachlng methods are often very formal.The teacherlectures′ and the students ttten.

There is not rnuch discussion.lnstead′ the students recite rules orinformation that they

have memorized.丁 here are advantages and disadvantages to both systems.

chapter l ロロ■■■■ Education and student Life ll

::|:IE Reading Skills and strategies

CampuS Life iS changing

◎ ■蜘mmlng brtte TOttc and tte Mttn ttea Read me ub面 唱paragraphs quickly Do not use a dictionartt and don′ t worry about the detalls,When you

finish′ write the topic and rnain idea of each paragraph.You can cOpy the main idea

directly frorn the sentence(Or sentences)′ or use your own vvords to restate it.

chapter l ●口“

CampuS Llfe is changlng

ぬdFWtt」濾k訛∬灘lぶち罪∬富‰翠糖£1

薪l蝋垂11轟∬響職恭iI封晶FI熙菱less than one_quarter(1/4)of all college students.These days the

nontraditional students are the mttOrity;tlley aЮ different frOm traditiOnal

恥 褻鱗椰憾:鶯1選消蝋i難1】鱗f揃茸i聯鐵and llloney are illlp01tant to thelll。

Tol)ic

ⅣIaill iclea:

B Psycho10gica tests reflect different learlling sl′ les in this new studentpopulation, t00. Each persOn has a certain learlling sサ le, and abOut 60percent oftlle new students these days prefer the s″

2stηクstyle.This mealls

that they are very practical. They prefer a

practice― to―tlleory methOd ofleaming,wllich

is expel・ ience flrst and ideas after that.They

often have difflclllサ with readillg alldwriting and are unsure of tllelllselvea MOst

of tllese students are attending cOllege

becallse they want tO have a g00d jOb and ri

lllake a lot Of l1loney.

skirnnling for the Topic and iⅥ ain idea

YOu Can skim a readlng to ldentify the toplc and the main idea.To skim′ read the

title and any subheadings look at any photos and diagrams′ read the first two and

the last h″ o sentences of each paragraph′ read quicklン and don′ t read every word

丁he tOpic of a paragraph is what the paragraph ls about.丁 hisis a noun or noun

phrase.The rnain idea of a paragraph is what the writer wants to say aboutthe

toplc一givlng inforrnation and/or his or her opinion about the topic.sOmetimes,a

sentence or h″ o includes the rnain ldea ofthe paragraph.This is often the first or

second sentence in the paragraph.The other sentences give deta‖ s aboutthe

ma:n!dea.

Example

Statistics reflect recent changes lll the U.S. college population. One

change these days iS that there Te fewer foreign students than several

years agO but that nlore UoS.stlldents tte studying abroad.mere are over

half a lrlillion foreign students in colleges and univeⅡ 〕ities in the United

States(down 5二6 percent).The leacling cOuntly of origin is lndia,followed

by China,Kol℃ a,Japalll,Canada,Taiwan,Mexico,]Llrkey an(l Thailan(1.

Meanwhile,tllere are 175,000 UoS.students who are stlldying abroad(up

8.5 percent).Alllerican stlldents typically spend llluch less tinle abroad

than foreign students do in the■ Tnited States.In fact,92 percent of all U.S.

students who gO abrOad spend only one selllester there.

ll)el｀ tl lと lt

)ic isitlド 1

-alいwll.is llot a

(りe The lnaill

i ill a selltel、 ce

all(l call L)e

lt tlto

illg,1llid(lle,o「

a palaglal)11

`A coliege iecture ciass

ⅣIaill iclea:

口鶴廻 Education and student Life 13

In colltrttt,other students ollt nOt as mallyp prefer theシ ιιπをιをυθ

learning style.These students love ideas.They prefer a theory― to―practice

metllod of learning and ellioy independent,crettive thinking.These

“intuitives"are not very practical.釉 ey are attending c011ege because tlley

wantto cК tte unique works of art or study ph■ osoplly or someday help in

the rleld Of science.

Topici

Maln ldea:

There is a drawback for the students who prefer tl■ e sensing style of

leamingo A mttority ofcollege probssos prefer the intuttive leal■ ling style.

These teachers value independent thinking and creative ide“ 。Students in

tlle sensing group tte at a disadvantage because their way of thinking

doesn't ll■ atch their teachels'.

Tol〕 ic:

Ⅳlaill i(leal

Politicallyt too,students these(1ど vs ttre different fll・ olll Stlldellts in the

pttt, In the 1960s and 1970s, many students demonsttated ag五 nst the

gOvernment and hoped to lllake big changes in societμ ln the 1980s,11lost

students were inteКsted only in their studies Emd futuК jobs.TodttЪ

students seelll to be a conlbination of tlle two:they want to nlake g00d

llloney when they graduate,but they're also interested in helping sOciet

Many students today are volunteering in the conlnluniじ They are wol‐lcing

to help people,without payment.For exalllple,they tutor(teaCh pr市 乱ew)

children in trouble,or they work with organizations for honleless people.

In these wayS,they hope to nlake changes in society

Topici

Maln ldea:

On all college calnpuses,student life is vely different fronl whatit used

to be because of technology― specificaltt the lntemet.At most colleges,

all entel・ ing frst_year studellts rece市 e an entail adcll・ ess.Don■ litory roollls

offer high_speed lntemet access. Coluputer systems are available to

evewone in conlputerlabs,tlle library9 and student centers.Application for

dasses and registl・ ation are usually now possible online.Most schools offer

entire collrses online. L〔any professors still have “offlce ho■lrs,'' when

stlldents can come to talk宙 th them about class work or ask for help.But

increasingtt students can contact professors 24 hours a dayp thanks to

enlail. In nlany classes, stlldents colllplete assignlllents and even take

exallls onlineo Perhaps l1loSt illlpOrtant for botll students and professors,

research is now easier and faster because ofthe new technology.

Topic:

Maill idea:

UNDERSTANDING PRONOUN REFERENCEAs you knoЩ pronouns take the place of nouns.When you read′ it's important to

understand the rlleanings of pronouns,to know which noun a pronoun refers to.To find

the noun that a pronoun refers to′ look back in the sentence orin the sentences that

come before the pronoun.

Example

Over 100,000 internatiollal studellts attend graduate school.Most of them

are studying business and lllanagenlent.

口 Understanding Pronoun Reference Look back atthe reading selection″campus Life is changing″ to find the rneanings of the fo‖ owing pronouns.what does

each pronoun refer to?

1.they(Paragl・ aph A,line 2)

2.they(Paragl｀ とll〕 hA,line 8)

3.them(Pal・ agral〕 ll A,lille 15)

chapter l ロロ畷 ■口■ Education and student Life

4.their(Paragraph D,line

5.their(Paragraph E,lille 4

6.them (Paragraph E line 55 UNDERSTANDING"POLITICALLY CORRECT″ LANGUAGEPo‖ tica‖ y correct(or PC)language is a term used to descrlbe language thatis regarded

as″ correct″ because it trles not to offend people.ltis an attempt to use language that

shows respect for different people,cultures′ physical characteristics,and lifestyles.丁 his

term and this language is commonly heard and discussed ln the united states― ―on

co‖ ege campuses,at hrvork′ and in soclal settings.Many people attempt to use this

language as a sign of respect′ but some feelthat they have to be too careful and that″things have gone too far″ げヽhat do you think?

口 ldenufying POI社 ica‖y correct words and Phrases Bdow aresome

words and phrases that people traditiona‖ y used in the past and the po‖ tica‖y correct

words that rnany people use nov晩 why do you think some people prefer politlca‖ y

correct、ⅣordS?ヽ Vhich Pc words seerln good to you?Do any seerrl strange?

words and Phrases Politica‖ y correct wvords and Phrases

blind … … … … …… … … … … … … …Visually challenged

disablecl,handicapped … ……… …… differently abled

fat people ……… … …… …… ……… peOple of size

lllallkilld … … … …… … … …… … … humanity

Orientals …… … … …… ………………… Asians

policemall ………… … … ……… … … …… pOlice officer

rellledial classes . …… … … … …… … baSic classes

Tllird Worlcl countries … … … …… … deVeloping cOunt五 es

■ BeyOnd the Text hteⅣ iewing mteMew ive peouQ Askthem訥 帥

oplnions about positive and negative aspects of the educational system in their count叫

丁ake notes on their answers.When you finish′ report your findings to the class.

9Q漁嵩 橋 rgtteReadng画

螂 stheSe quttms ttnkabm a∞ mw詢1

1. In that country,are there fol・ eigll stll(lellts ill colleges and uniVersities?If SO,

where do they collle fl・ olll?Are there nlally?

2.In that countl'ュ are stll(lellts tOday differellt fl・ Onl students in the past`P If so,

how are they diffel・ ellt?

3. How has techllology challge(l canll〕 llS life in that countly?

■ Summarizing choose one country from the readingin Part l′ pages 6-8.Wnte a

surnrnary ofits educational system′ according to the paragraph about that count呼

Because a sumrllary is Shorter than the original′ try to write only two to four sentences

FO‖ OW these steps.

■ Read the paragraph and rnake sure that you understand† t vve‖ .

・ ldenufy the topic′ main idea′ and important detalls.

・ Put the original paragraph aside as you write

・ write the surlllllary in your own words′ includlng the important details.

年 lnclude a balance of positive and negative aspects.

口 DO nOtlnclude less important deta‖ s

when you finish writing′ compare your sumrnary vvlth those of other students who

summarlzed the same paragraph.Did yOu have the same rrlain idea?Did yOu choose

the same detalis?

口 w‖ ung YOur Owllldeas choose one oftheto● cS bdOW tO Wttte a paragraph

about.Write your own thoughts.Try to use vocabulary frorll thls chapter.

ぅ the educational system ln your country

・ comparing and contrasting education in your country novv and ln the past

i your own learnlng style

What's tlle lllaill ictea of your paragraph?

師 闇ng vocattav and ttudy skilb

THE ACADEMIC WORD LISTThere is a list of words that co‖ ege students should know because these words occur

frequently in acadenlic Eng‖ sh.This is ca‖ ed the′狐caderYlic word List″ ln Part 3 of each

chapter of this book′ there is an acuvity to help you focus on these words.(see page 18

forthe nrst FocuSing on words from the Academic word List ACtivi、 4)Also′ in the Self―

AsSessment Log at the end of each chapterthese words have an asterisk(・)next to

them。 (see page 21 for the first self― AsseSSment Log.)For rnore information on AVeril

coxhead's ACadenlic word List,See wttvuw ac.nz/lals/research/avvl.

surnl■ arizing

ln academic classes′ the mostcOmmon type of w‖ ungis Summay.A Summaryis

written in the student′ s own words.ltlncludes the rrlain idea and important

deta‖ s of another piece of writlng(a paragraph′ section′ article,chaptel or book).

lt does notlnclude less important details.Students llvho surnrnarize we‖ can

prove to the lnstructor that they truly understand the reading rnaterlal.

chapter l ■●醸 ■■■ Educatlon and student Life 17

■ Focugng on wordsfrom the Academた Word ttst m tns exerdse′ 側lm

the blanks with Words fronl the Acadenlic Word LIStin the box.When you finish′ turn

back to page ll and check your answers.

口 RecOgnizing word Meanings Match the words wtth thdr mea面 ngs.w‖ te

the letters on the lines′ as in the example.

a. unusual

b. disadvantage

C. side,part,or characteristic

d. developing new ideas

e. factin the forrn of a nmber

i cOntrol

g.whOle

/1. declde on

i. have enough lnoney for

i.ShOW ‐

k.fees(money)for SChOol

l. includes

assignments

contrast

cultural

culture

goals

individualism

lectures

methods `

traditions

1. ' deterrrune

2. ____― affOrd

3. ____reflect

4. ____― nOntraditional

5. ____― draWback

6.____Statistic

ア. _____discipline

8. ____aSpect

9. _____involves

10. _____tuition

ll.____entire

12. ____― Creative

EduCation in North Arnerica and ASia

ln a Westerll soc熱、Such aS the United States or Cttada,that has

many nationtt duo“ ,狙d diffeК ncett peoメ e

highly value|

―the differences alrnong peOple― ―and2

independent thinkingo Studentt dO not often memo五 Ze inforlnation.

Instead,they l力 nd alllswers themselves,alld they express their ideas in class

discllssion.At an early age,students learn to forrn their owrt ideas〔md

OplrL10nS.

In most Asian societies,by the people have the

salne language, historyp and 4 Perhaps for this

Юason,the educational system in much Of Asia re■ ects socieザs behefin

group and rather than

individualisIILo Chidren in China,Japarl,allld Kbrea often work together

and help one another on In the classroo■ 1,the

teaching

7・

are often very fomal. The teacher

arld the studerLtS liSten. There is not llluch9

discussion. Instead, the students recite mles or inforlnation that they

have memonzed.

II WOrdS in Phrases AsyOuread′ 比'simpottant to be」 n noudng words that o■en

go togethen Go back to the paragraphs on pages 13-15.Find words to complete the

fo‖ owing phrases and write them ln the blanks.Most are prepositions′ but tto are verbs.

Paragraph A

1. lived i′l a dOrn■

ltory つ′ campus

2. Inany cO■ege part― time(verb)

3. access information technology

Paragraph D

4.are a disadvantage

Paragraph E

5。 tutor children

Paragraph F

6. life is different because technology

ア. al・e available everyone

8.studellts exams(verb)

8 Chapter l■ ■■ ■●■ Education and student Life 19