PRONUNCIATION & PRACTICE

BY

TRUBUS IRHAM

PARTS OF MATERIALSPARTS OF MATERIALS In analyzing speech sounds, you need to consider two In analyzing speech sounds, you need to consider two

things:things:

componential analysis (analysis of the componential analysis (analysis of the components of the phonemes)components of the phonemes)

distribution of the phonemes (as they appear distribution of the phonemes (as they appear in initial, medial, or final position in wordsin initial, medial, or final position in words

• In branches of Linguistics, the speech sounds in: In branches of Linguistics, the speech sounds in:

Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology, SyntaxPhonetics, Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, etc, etc• In practicing them, you need to consider that your In practicing them, you need to consider that your

imitation (to follow) the native speaker’s sound will be a imitation (to follow) the native speaker’s sound will be a must, then, more practice is very good way to go to your must, then, more practice is very good way to go to your successsuccess

PART I: PHONETIC THEORYPART I: PHONETIC THEORY

• Types of pronunciation: good speech / bad speech• Organs of speech: as a start to learn and practice a

pronunciation. You need to learn anatomy of the speech sounds. You are to know :

Vocal cords: voiced & voicelessBreath: (p, f, h = breathed sounds)Voice: (b, v, = voiced sounds)

• Sounds (are heard) and letters (are seen)• Classification of sounds:

Vowels (and its classification)Consonants (and its classification)

Continued …………..Continued …………..

Principles of transcription Principles of transcription phonetic symbols, letter, etcphonetic symbols, letter, etc

English speech sounds in detailEnglish speech sounds in detail pure vowelspure vowels Strong and weak formsStrong and weak forms Diphthongs (closing, centring, and rising)Diphthongs (closing, centring, and rising) Consonants (plosives, affricatives, nasal consonants, Consonants (plosives, affricatives, nasal consonants,

lateral consonants, rolled sounds, flapped consonants, lateral consonants, rolled sounds, flapped consonants, fricatives, semi-vowels)fricatives, semi-vowels)

Theory of plosive consonantsTheory of plosive consonants NasalizationNasalization Similitude, assimilation, elision,Similitude, assimilation, elision, Syllables Syllables Duration Duration

Continued ……….

• Stress • Breath-groups, sense-group, • Intonation• Practical exercises• Ear training• Phonemes• Syllable separation

Points to knowPoints to know

The English speech sounds can be The English speech sounds can be classified into:classified into:

a. …………….a. …………….

b. …………….b. ……………. How many consonants are there in How many consonants are there in

English?English? According to the position of the vocal According to the position of the vocal

cords, the consonants can be divided cords, the consonants can be divided into: ……………………..into: ……………………..

Continued………

………………………………………..

………………………………………According to the manner of articulation

the consonants can be divided into:……………………………………………..

……………………………………………..

……………………………………………..

Continued…….Continued…….

• Thus, the essential factors to be included in any classificatory chart refer to

1. the place of articulation

2. the place manner of articulation

3. the presence or absence of voice

4. the position of the soft palate

• The English vowels: (Short & long)

PART II: PHONETIC TEXTS

• Select them then study ..practice!!!

STATEMENTS STATEMENTS

• DEEPER UNDERSTANDING IS SO POTENTIAL TO BE POWERFUL

• LET’S HAVE IT

• AND THE CHANGE STARTS FROM HERE

• DO IT RIGHT NOW!!!TRUBUS IRHAM