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S TAI N S AL AT I G A
2 0 1 4 1
MEMBERS OF GROUP
1. CHOZINATUL ASRORIYAH (113 11 002)
2. MAHMUD HASAN (113 11 004)
3. NURUL MIFTAKHUL JANNAH (113 11 008)
4. INTAN ARMALA (113 11 012)
5. M. FATKHUR ROHMAN (113 11 015)
6. NURUL AINI (113 11 0 )
7. RIFQI AMAL FATAH (113 11 070)
8. MUSTAFIDATUL (113 11 145)
9. AYU KURNIAWATI (113 11 025)
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 2
WHAT IS
PREDICATOR???The predicator of a simple declarative sentence is
the word ( sometimes a group of words) which does not belong to any of the referring
expressions and which of the remainder, makes the most specific contribution to the
meaning of the sentence.
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 3
EXAMPLE
Read is the predicator in Salma is
reading novel.
Cook is the predicator in Mother
cooks in the kitchen.
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 4
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NOTE
Part s of
Speech
Predicator Example
Adjectives V Red, hungry
Verbs V Write, Read
Prepositions V In, between
Nouns V Genius, crook
Conjunctions X And, but, or
Articles X The, a
NB: Be X Is, am, are, was,
were
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 6
WHAT IS PREDICATE???
A predicate is any word (or
sequence of words) which (
in a given single sense) can
function as the predicator of
a sentence..
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 7
NOTE
A simple sentence only
has one predicator,
although it may well
contain more than one
instance of a predicate.
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 8
EXAMPLE
A tall, handsome stranger entered the saloon
This sentence has just one predicator, enter, but the sentence also contains the words tall,
handsome, stranger, and saloon, all which are predicates and can function as predicators in other sentences,. E.g. John is tall, He is handsome.
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 9
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WHAT IS THE DEGREE OF A PREDICATE?
A number indicating a number of arguments it is normally
understood to have in simple sentences.
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AMBIENT PREDICATESPredicates that do not have any obligatory
argument.
1. It is snowy
2. It is foggy
3. It is cold
4. It is drizzling
5. It is raining
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 12
In Indonesian there
are also ambient
predicates, such as
when people say
“Panas”, “hujan”,
“mendung”, and
“gerimis”
ONE PLACE PREDICATES
These are predicates that have one obligatory argument.
Peter is tall Miss Nancy Smith is a doctor Peggy smiles very often Mr. Johnson resigned
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 13
TWO PLACE PREDICATES
These are predicates that have two
obligatory arguments.
The secretary is making out a
cheque
The workers are building a hotel
The driver drove his taxi very fast
My father mended a broken chair
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 14
KREIDLER
According to Kreidler, locative
predicates like on, in, at,
above, beside, near, next to,
and under are also two place
predicates.
The lamp is on the table
Some oranges are in the
basket S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 15
THREE PLACE PREDICATES
These are predicates that require three obligatory arguments.
John gave Mary a bicycle
My mother bought my sister a necklace
My friend send me a book
The hotel is between showroom and a bank
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 16
KREIDLERThe company sent its distributor ten cars from Jakarta to
Denpasar via Surabaya by ship.
Although there are seven arguments in the sentence above, there are three obligatory arguments, they are company, distributor,
and cars. The other arguments; Jakarta (Source), Denpasar (Goal), Surabaya (Path), and ship ( Instrument)
S T A I N S A L A T I G A 2 0 1 4 17
REFERENCES
Adisutrisno, Wagiman. 2008. SEMANTICS: An Introduction
to The Basic Concepts. Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI.
Heasley, Brendan. 1983. Semantics a Coursebook. New
York: Cambridge University Press
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