Upload
continuing-education
View
123
Download
4
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Pre-modern European Migrations: Roman MigrationsMap from Lynn Hunt, The Making of the West, Volume 1, 3rd edition.
• Early conflicts• The Oscans, 500-400• Etruscan Veii, 396• The Gauls and the Battle of Allia, 390
• War with the Latin League, 341-338
• Samnite Wars, 343-341, 326-304 and 298-290
• War with Tarentum and Pyrrhus of Epirus, 280-275• “Pyrrhic victory”
Pre-modern European Migrations: Roman MigrationsMap from Lynn Hunt, The Making of the West, Volume 1, 3rd edition.
• Phoenicians and Carthage• Punic from Poeni
• The First Punic War, 264-241
• The Second Punic War, 218-201• Hannibal Barca, d. 183/182• Battle of Cannae, 216• Publius Cornelius Scipio (aka Scipio
Africanus), d. 183• Battle of Zama, 202
• The Third Punic War, 149-146• Numidia• “Carthago delinda est”
Pre-modern European Migrations: Roman MigrationsMap from Lynn Hunt, The Making of the West, Volume 1, 3rd edition.
• The Macedonian Wars
• Pergamum
• The Aetolian League
• War with Macedon, 215-205; 200-196; 171-168
• The Syrian War, 192-189
• Seleucid advances into Asia Minor
• Peace of Apamea, 188
• Divided Asia Minor between Pergamum, Rome, and Rhodes
• Destruction of Corinth, 146
• The Achaean League
Pre-modern European Migrations: Roman MigrationsMap from Lynn Hunt, The Making of the West, volume 1, 3rd edition.
• Spain, 155-133, 80-73, 55-52
• Southern Gaul, 113-101
• Numidia, 112-105
• Pontus, 90-85, 74-63• In 63, Pontus, Cilicia, and Syria were
made into the province of Asia• Nearby kingdoms of Cappadocia and
Armenia became client kingdoms
• Judaea made into a client kingdom in 63 BC-6 AD
• Northern Gaul and Britain, 58-51
• Parthia (modern Iraq), 53, 39-8, 36
• Egypt, 31-30
Pre-modern European Migrations: Roman MigrationsImage of Kirk Douglas as Spartacus, in Spartacus, 1960.
• Conquest and cultural change• Land
• Municipia• Coloniae• Provinciae• Centuriation
• Plunder (gold, silver, etc.)• Sulla’s plundering of Delphi, 87
• Slaves• Sicilian slave revolts, 135-132
and 104-100• Spartacus slave revolt, 74-72
Left—Centuriation of the Po Valley; right—Awlad al’Abid, Tunisia. A centuria is square with sides 700 meters in length.
Roman slaves in collars, relief from Smyrna (Izmir, Turkey), 200 AD, in Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
Pre-modern European Migrations: Roman MigrationsReconstruction of a Roman villa, built in the 1st century AD, now the Open-Air Museum at Hechingen-Stein, Germany.
• Conquest and cultural change• Latifundiae
• Large farms that grew cash crops, relied on slave labor
• Mystery cults• Elusinian mysteries
• Cult of Isis and Serapis
• Cult of Mithras
• Magna Mater
• Adoption of Greek philosophy• Stoicism
• Luxus (luxury, wealth)
Left—Capitoline Isis, 138-117 BC, Capitoline Museum, Rome; right—Persephone and Pluto as Isis and Serapis, Archaeological Museum, Heraklion, Crete.
Left—statue of Mithras slaying a bull, 1st century AD, British Museum, London; right--Magna Mater/Cybele, 50 AD, Getty Museum, Malibu, California.