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Mass spectrometry A mass spectrum (plural spectra) is a plot of the ion signal as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. These spectra are used to determine the elemental or isotopic signature of a sample, the masses of particles and of molecules , and to elucidate the chemical structures of molecules, such as peptides and other chemical compounds . Mass spectrometry works by ionizing chemical compounds to generate charged molecules or molecule fragments and measuring their mass-to-charge ratios.

Prabhakar singh sem-ii 4.2 - mass spectrometry

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Page 1: Prabhakar singh  sem-ii 4.2 - mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometryA mass spectrum (plural spectra)  is  a  plot  of  the  ion  signal  as  a  function  of  the mass-to-charge ratio. These spectra are used to determine the elemental or isotopic signature of a sample, the masses of particles and of molecules, and to elucidate the chemical structures of molecules,  such  as peptides and other chemical compounds. Mass  spectrometry works by ionizing chemical compounds to generate charged molecules or molecule fragments and measuring their mass-to-charge ratios.

Page 2: Prabhakar singh  sem-ii 4.2 - mass spectrometry

In a  typical MS procedure, a sample  (solid,  liquid, or gas)  is  ionized, by bombarding  it with electrons. 

Bombarding  it with electrons  cause  some of  the  sample's molecules  to break  into  charged fragments. These ions are then separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio.

During the separation charged ions accelerated placing them to an electric or magnetic field and  hence  ions  of  the  same  mass-to-charge  ratio  will  undergo  the  same  amount  of deflection.[1] 

The  ions  are detected by  a mechanism  capable of  detecting  charged particles,  such as  an electron multiplier. 

Results are displayed as spectra of the relative abundance of detected ions as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. 

The atoms or molecules in the sample can be identified by correlating known masses to the identified masses or through a characteristic fragmentation pattern.

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Ionization

Electron impact ionization

Chemical ionization

Fast atom bombardment

Electrospray Ionization

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Components of a mass spectrometer

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