A New Beginning for Knowledgefor the Next 2000 Years

Starting with 3 Post-Science Lessons for 6-Years-Old and Upon Post-Science Solutions of Touch, Value, and Software

“Every student of the 3 post-science lessons will be a light illuminating the future.”

Hugh ChingFounder, Post-Science Institutehttp://www.post-science.com

ching@post-science.com

2

Significance• Still without value guidance for human behavior, the Age

of Science is irrational and reckless. In the past 2000 years, religion or morality advocated constraint.

• Knowledge must have a new beginning based on decision-making and the control of complexity.

• The post-science solution of value, which is a non-violable law of nature, will guide human behavior.

• The post-science solution of complete automation is the solution to unlimited complexity.

• After almost 50 years of development, post-science can be taught to 6-years-old and up.

• Each student will be a light illuminating the future.

3

Introduction• Unique Features: Teaching children sports must involve very

simple, but subtle, techniques, and teaching children investment and valuation can only be done with completely automated non-technical systems.

• The First Lesson, Jumpulse, involves just hitting a tennis or table tennis ball, twice in one smooth stroke, but demonstrates the problem of touch missed by Newton.

• The Second Lesson, Infinite Spreadsheet, teaches children investment terminologies using an automated valuation system, which is the only valuation system that seldom, if ever, produces anomalous outputs.

• The Third Lesson, Human-Language Programming, teaches children programming without technical knowledge and will last children from 6 to 66 years old.

4

Parent-Children Academic Enrichment Lessons on Sports, Investment, and Computer.

• These lessons will be on physics, economics, and computer and have been developed for children 6-years old and up with their parents.

• Jumpulse (Jumpulse Double-Hit, Jumpulse Dance) is the secret of consistency in sports.

• Infinite Spreadsheet (Real Estate and Stock Valuation) is the solution to decision-making.

• Human-Language Programming has eliminated all technology barriers in programming forever and is based on completely automated software. http://www.humanlanguageprogramming.com

5

Parent-Children Academic Enrichment Lessons(Advanced)

• These programs will be expanded according to ability into:• Robot Mechanics of touch, Tennis, Table Tennis prolonged

contact, powerful Jumpulse Dance, Jumpulse Mechanism for eliminating bounces, etc.

• Valuation of real estates and rate of return calculation for stocks in real market situations, solution to financial crises, etc.

• Calculator programs, conversion of existing English-like source code programming languages to Human-Language Programming languages, etc.

6

Practical Significance of the Lessons• The Lessons introduce the most relevant

knowledge in sports, investment, and computer.• Their development has reached such an

advanced stage that they can be taught to 6-years old, due to the high degree of automation.

• They are the foundation of robotics, decision-making, and complete automation.

• Because they contain the solution to rational decision-making, the Lessons should be taken by all Post-Science Members, as instructors.

7

Certificate of Doctor of Post-Sciencewith Specialization in Jumpulse, Infinite Spreadsheet and/or Universal

Permanent Software

• Basic Required Courses to Be an Instructor in Teaching 3 Post-Science Lessons for 6-Year-Old:

• 1. Jumpulse: How to double-hit a ball,• 2. Infinite Spreadsheet: How to calculate the real

estate price and the stock rate of return, and• 3. Universal Permanent Software: How to program

using Human-Language Programming.• Specialization: 1. Solution of Touch, 2. Solution of

Value, and/or 3. Solution of Software.

8

Prolonged ContactA Jumpulse Applied with Precise

Timing Can Keep the Ball in Prolonged Contact with the Racket.

9

What is Jumpulse? • Two objects will move together, if they have the same position,

velocity, AND ACCELERATION.• Position and velocity cannot change suddenly, but acceleration can

change suddenly (Law of Touch), in order to produce the SAME ACCELERATION in prolonged contact.

• Jumpulse is a suddenly applied finite force. It is a new physics foundation describing applied force, while Newton studied passive forces for planetary motion.

• Human and animal motions start with jumpulse, a finite force. Machines or robots usually start with zero force.

• Jumpulse is needed for touch in robotics and prolonged contact in sports.

• The Jumpulse Mechanism generates a sudden force by removing one of two opposing forces (from biceps and triceps), and animal muscles are constantly under tension.

10

Terminology of Motion

Velocity Acceleration Jerk (ISO)

Momentum Force Yank (?)

Energy Energy of Energy of(Mass/2 x Acceleration Jerk (?)Velocity^2) (Appell)

Impulse Jumpulse

11

Jumpulse Graphic Representation Velocity and Acceleration vs. Time

The dark line is the racket velocity. The thin line is the ball velocity. Where the two velocities meet is the Ideal time for applying

jumpulse.

12

A Car Should Be Able To Drive Down A Mogul Slope As A Mogul Skier

13

Jumpulse Historyhttp://www.jumpulse.com

• Humans are doing works, which should be done by robots, which today lack the ability of touch.

• Hugh Ching predicted double-hitting in his book Table Tennis, Scientific Analyses in 1978.

• The Father of Chinese Physics Ta-You Wu coined the word “jumpulse” a sudden change of force.

• Jumpulse is the solution of robot touch.• Dr. Wu and Dr. Hugh Ching founded Post-Science

Institute in 1990 as a division of the Academia Sinica in Taiwan, and it moved to USA in 1991.

14

Infinite Spreadsheet Valuation Systemhttp://www.infinitespreadsheet.com

• The Infinite Spreadsheet was on CompuServe in the 1980s.

• The Infinite Spreadsheet dominated real estate valuation, being the solution of value.

• The Infinite Spreadsheet predicted the Savings and Loan Crisis and was endorsed by real estate appraisal authorities as the solution to the Crisis.

• It predicted and helped solve the Subprime Woe.• The Infinite Spreadsheet is available on the web:• http://www.infinitespreadsheet.com/verify.htm

15

Explanation of Infinite SpreadsheetUnique Feature of Infinite Spreadsheet

• There is no need to input a resale price to determine the price.

• All resale prices are determined exactly as the price is determined.

• Technical Definition of Infinite Spreadsheet: Valuation software where the cash flow equation Total Cash Return = Sum of Cash Flow + Cash From Resale

is satisfied for the price and all the resale prices to infinity in time.

16

Potential Market Capitalization

1. Robot Touch Based on Jumpulse ($Billions)2. Infinite Spreadsheet ($Trillion)3. Parent-Children Academic Enrichment Lessons

($Millions; The Lesson is a world-wide franchise.)

[NOTE: Automation is the key to high market cap. Science deals with material things. Post-Science deals with completely automated living things and are far more valuable than science.]

17

The Significance ofHuman-Language Programming

Three Generations of Software Standards

First Generation: IBM High Technical Barriers To

Second Generation: Microsoft Plug and Play To

Third and Final Generation:From Plug and Play to Human-Language Programming

• The Solution of Software is a condition in which the human user can communicate with the computer solely and forever in native human languages (What is learnt by a 6-year-old will last a lifetime).

• Human-Language Programming can be described technically as the combination of the lowest level machine language in the form of integers and the highest level natural language in the form of human native languages or multimedia expressions, where the integers will be processed by the computer, and the human languages and expressions will be processed by the human.

18

Demonstration of Human-Language Programming (HLP)

• HLP Lesson 1: The Complete Learning Curve of Human-Language Programming• Question: Using Universal User Interface, how to program the instruction: PRINT

“Hello”?• Answer: Type: “111Hello”.• Question: What is Universal User Interface?• Answer: It can have infinite number of forms. For example, the first-level

question here can be:• Choose one: (1) Print, (2) Input, (3) Calculate, (4) Branching, (5) Files, (6)

Generate, (7) Exit?• After typing “1” the second-level question appears:• Choose one: (1) Print on Screen, (2) Print on paper, (3) Others?• After typing “1” the third-level question appears:• Choose one: (1) Print without a carriage return, (2) Print with a carriage return?• After typing “1” the content-insensitive question appears:• What do you want to print?• Here the user types “Hello”.

19

Demonstration ofUniversal Permanent Number

• HLP Lesson 2 How to Generate an Instruction Generating Instruction• In a self-generating generator, the generator must be able to generate an

instruction generating instruction, which, for example, is in the form GOSUB 64880, where the ADDRESS 64880 is unknown to the user.

• Question: How to write GOSUB 64880, without knowing 64880?• Answer: Type “5” for the question: Choose one: (1) Print and Input, (2) Calculate,

(3) Branching, (4) Files, (5) Generate, (6) Exit? After typing “5” the second-level multiple-choice question appears:

• Choose one: (1) Write instruction generating instructions, set flags for auto-update, (2) Others?

• After typing “1” the following third-level question appears:• Choose one: (1) Write an instruction generation instruction, (2) Others?• After typing “1” the program returns to the first-level question:• Type 1, 1, 1 as in the previous demonstration.• What do you want to print?• <Enter> [NOTE: Here the input is irrelevant, and, thus, typing <Enter> is

sufficient.]

20

Universal User Interface(Demonstration of Computing With Words)

21

Past Successes and Failures• Predicted double–hitting in the book Table Tennis

Scientific Analyses published in 1978; Tennis regulation allowed double-hitting in 1982.

• Predicted publicly S&L Crisis 1984, Subprime 2006.• Dominated real estate valuation commercially on

CompuServe and intellectually being endorsed by all appraisal authorities in 1980s as the Knowledge Solution to the S&L Crisis, but was defeated by the Political Solution, FIRREA of 1989, a man-made law.

• The Jumpulse Dance in 2009 revived Shufflin and started a world-wide dance movement in 2012.

22

Thinking Ability Based on Variables(Number of Variable = Complexity of the Problem)

• Animals 2 Variables• Social Scientists (Pre-Science) 3 Variables• Businessmen 4 Variables• Scientists 5 Variables• Nobel Prize Winners 10 Variables• Solution of Touch 25 Variables• Great Depression Economists 40 Variables• Solution of Value 50 Variables• Solution of Complete Automation 500 Variables

23

Major References• Ching “Completely Automated And Self-

generating Software System” Pat.No. 5,485,601 • Ching “Quantitative Supply And Demand Model

Based On Infinite Spreadsheet”Pat.No. 6078,901• Ta-You Wu “On Impulsive Motion, Braking and

Robotry” CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS VOL. 37, NO. 6 DECEMBER 1999 (First paper on Jumpulse)

• Knowledge T. L. Kunii, C. V. Ramamoorthy, Hugh Ching, 2007 (A book on Post-Science)

24

Appendix Fuzzy Logic and Post-Science

A Natural Alliance between Lotfi A. Zadeh ( Founder of Fuzzy Logic )

AndHugh Ching ( Founder of Post-Science )

2013

illustrated by

the solutions to the problems of Value and Complete Automation

posed by

John Von Neumann

25

The Problem of ValueThe problem of value is described mathematically in

the book

Theory of ValueAN AXIOMATIC ANALYSIS OF

ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUMBy

Gerard Debreu(A disciple of John Von Neumann)

26

The Solution of Value

The solution of the problem of value is disclosed in the patent:

“Quantitative Supply and Demand Model Based on Infinite Spreadsheet”

( Patent No. 6,078,901 )By

Hugh Ching

27

Only One Equation Used In the Solution of Value

The solution of value is based on just one equation describing the forward accounting of cash flows to infinity:

Cash Return = Sum of Cash Flows + Cash from Resale

The Price and all the Resale Prices to infinity must satisfy this equation.

The above Price System is a mathematically rigorousNon-Violable Law of Nature in Social science.

The solution of value combines the mathematically rigorous formulation with fuzzy inputs to obtain fuzzy outputs.

28

Fuzzy Inputs and Outputs in the Solution of Value

All the inputs to the Price System are obtained from market comparison and projected to infinity in time as:

Equivalent Approximate Time-Invariant Quantities

Such as %Rent Increase (Zadeh Expression) = 5% (Zadeh Number) + / -2% (Zadeh Function)

%Rate of Return(Small Business) = 40% + /-10% unprecisiated.These inputs are necessarily fuzzy.

The Price must be recalculated anytime when there is a change in expected financial condition, such as changes in the interest rate, inflation rate, rent growth rate, and tax laws. An equilibrium among the Price and all the factors affecting the Price is the solution to financial instabilities or crises.

29

Example of Fuzzy Reality (The Real Estate Market)

These Approximate Time-Invariant Inputs are acceptable to the investor because the judgment of the investor is fuzzy and describable by Fuzzy Logic.

The real estate markets crashed in 1991 and in 2007 by about 35% showing that there is a 35% fuzziness or tolerance in the judgment of the investor. The problem of input fuzziness

is solved by rigorous formulation and recalculation speed.The Solution of Value can predict and prevent Financial Crises by

detecting market over-valuation, which occurs when the Market Price is over the Calculated Price by about 35%.

30

The solution of Complete Automation

The solution of Complete Automation is based on the Completely Automated Software, which is disclosed in the patent:

“Completely Automated and Self-generated Software System”

(Patent No. 5,485,601)By

Hugh Ching

The Self-generating Software will be used to develop and control the Self-Manufactured General Purpose Robot with the ability of touch to achieve the ultimate goal of

Complete Automation.Ultimately, the robot will become human, and software, DNA.

In conclusion, fuzzy humans are more advanced than exact Machines.

31

Universal User InterfaceThe completely automated software uses a Universal User Interface, which is a tree-structured,

numerical multiple-choice format ( 1st question):

(1) Input and Output, (2) Calculate, (3) Branch, (4) Files, (5) Generate, (6) Save and Exit?

The above human-understandable fuzzy sets are generated from (Exact):

1. ABS-C, 2. D-H, 3. IF THEN – O, 4. Print – R, 5. Save – T, 6. U-Z, 7. Generate, 8. Save and Exit?

The above program generator has arranged the exact, precisiated keywords alphabetically so that no program statements will be missed.

Both of the above generators can self-generate (write itself) and their integer-like source codes can be auto-updated to each other.

32

Computing With Integers andComputing With Words

The Completely Automated Software can automatically update the Universal Computer Source Code (Integer-Like Source Code) from one generated program generator to another generator.

Universal Computer Source Codes are the integer-like answers to the numerical multiple-choice questions.

Universal User Interface is the combination of Computing With Integer (CWI) of Chien Yi Lee (a disciple of Hugh Ching and C, V. Ramamoorthy) and Computing With Words (CWW) of Zadeh.

Computing with Integers is exact.Computing With Words is fuzzy.

33

Machine Speaks IntegersThe integer is the native language of the machine. It is also part

of the human language. Most importantly, it is an international language, understandable to people of all nations around the world.

Computing with Words includes computing with multimedia.

Human words will always be fuzzy in general.The solution to the fuzziness in

Computing With Words is auto-updating based on the solution to

Completely Automated Software.

34

GoalPut Fuzzy Logic on the center-stage of knowledge with the

Restricted-Centered Theory of Reasoning and Computation and the concept of Permanent Fuzziness (Time-Variant) in Post–Science.

A fuzzy creation, such as a human, is more adaptable to an uncertain environment than a precise creation, such as a robot. Humans can use their wide range of tolerance to operate more efficiently in a fuzzy or qualitative way, such as Computing With Words and Fuzz Time-Invariant Inputs in calculating value.

Post-Science can compensate for the disadvantage of the fuzzy strategy of nature, which is intended as an advantage for survival.

35

Conclusion Zadeh has broken out the box of exactness, which

characterizes the Age of Science and has trapped Von Neumann and Debreu and prevented them from correctly identifying the real difficulty in solving the problems of value and complete automation.Ching has offered the explanation to the necessity of fuzzy logic: Precision is sacrificed in the process of expanding the range of tolerance of a creation in order to survive in an uncertain future, and fuzzy logic is necessary to describe the fuzzy reality, which is exemplified by the problems of value as Fuzzy Infinite Spreadsheet, and by raising the ceiling on mathematics from Exact Solution to Fuzzy Exact Solution.