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PORTFOLIO Experimental Design Lab Report Example
TITLE
The Mass of
H2O in 2 States
of Matter
(liquid & solid)
BACKGROUNDIf a person compares the same
amount of ice and water, ice does
not have more mass than liquid
water. They do have different
densities though because liquid
water has more volume than ice.
The density if water is 1g/cubic cm
The density of Ice is .92g/cubic cm
Source: Helmenstine
PROBLEM QUESTION
Does H2O have the same
mass in liquid and solid
form?
REAL-WORLD CONNECTION
You need to carry a large
amount of water and want to
know if you should take it
frozen or in liquid form so that
it weighs less to carry.
HYPOTHESIS
If I measure the mass of
water as a solid (ice) and as
a liquid their masses will be
equal because they are the
same substance H2O.
VARIABLES
Dependent Variable
The state of matter (solid/liquid)
Independent Variable
Mass
Controls
n/a
PROCEDURE SUMMARYI wanted to see if the mass
of a liquid (water) and a
solid (ice) were the same. I
weighed (mass) an ice cube
and then melted the same
ice cube and weighed
(mass) it again.
PROCEDURESTEP 1:
Weighed the
ice in grams
inside a 80mL
beaker on a
digital scale
PROCEDURESTEP 2:
Poured 100mL
of hot water
from a hot pot
into a 500mL
beaker
PROCEDURESTEP 3:
Put ice into a
80mL beaker
and placed
into 500mL
beaker with
hot water
PROCEDURESTEP 4:
Waited for the
ice to melt in
the beaker
PROCEDURESTEP 5:
Take melted
ice out of
500mL beaker
PROCEDURESTEP 6:
Weighed the
melted ice
(liquid) on the
digital scale in
grams (g)
MATERIALS
DIGITAL
SCALE
BEAKER
HOT WATER
ICE
LAB SET-UP
DATAIntroduction: This data chart shows the mass of of the
ice (solid) and the mass of the liquid (water).
MASS OF H2O in 2 States of Matter
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
Mass (grams)
Solid (ice) 60 62 50
Liquid (water) 64 62 50
Difference 4 0 0
Average Difference 1.3
Summary: This data chart shows that on average the
mass of the solid was less than the mass of the liquid by
1.3 grams.
GRAPH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3
60 62
50
64 62
50
Ma
ss (
gra
ms)
Trials
Mass of H2O in 2 States of Matter
Solid (ice)
Liquid (water)
Introduction: This graph shows the masses of H2O in the
solid form (ice) compared to the liquid form. There are 3
trials.
Summary: This graph shows that in Trial 1 the masses were
4 grams different, the liquid had more mass. In Trials 2
and 3 the masses were exactly the same.
ANALYSIS & RESULTSThe data showed that 2 out 3 times, the mass of
liquid and solid were the same.
Dependent VariableThe state of matter (solid/liquid)
Independent VariableMass
So the state of matter (dependent variable) does
not change the mass (independent variable).
Relationship to Background Research:
According to my background research on the
mass of solid and liquid H2O, they should have
been the same. I found this was the case 2 out of 3
trials. This leads me to believe that I had a source of
error in trial 1.
SOURCES OF ERRORERROR #1I may have forgotten to wipe off the excess
water when I removed it from the hot water.
EffectThis may have added mass to the liquid
ERROR #2When I put the beaker with ice into the hot
water it tipped over, some water may have
gotten in
EffectThis may have added mass to the liquid
POSSIBLE REVISIONSREVISION #1I would try and use the same size ice cube
EffectThis will keep the masses more similar
REVISION #2More trials
EffectThere would be more data to compare
CONCLUSIONSIf I measure the mass of water as a solid
(ice) and as a liquid their masses will be
equal because they are the same
substance H2O. I found that in most cases
they are the same.
Supporting Evidence: Trial 2
Solid = 62g and Liquid = 62g
Trial 3
Solid = 50g and Liquid = 50g
CONCLUSIONS continuedHypothesis: If I measure the mass of water as a solid
(ice) and as a liquid their masses will be equal
because they are the same substance H2O.
Supported:My hypothesis was supported according trials 2 and 3 but
not in trial 1.
Trial 2 Trial 3
Solid = 62g /Liquid = 62g Solid = 50g / Liquid = 50g
Trial 1 (Not supported)
Solid = 60g and Liquid = 64g
(4 grams different – liquid had a higher mass)
CONCLUSIONS continued
The data that I collected seemed strange.
Trial 1 was very different than the other 2 that
were the same. I think that I needed to do a
few more trials to see if the first one was
simply an error.
Problem Question: Does H2O have the same
mass in liquid and solid form?
Answer: Yes, it looks like the mass of H2O in
liquid and solid form is nearly the same.
FURTHER RESEARCHQUESTION #1
Do liquid and solid (ice) H2O have
the same volume?
QUESTION #2Do liquid and solid (ice) H2O have the
same density?
QUESTION #3Would there be the same results with
another type of liquid, juice for example?
SOURCES"Density of Ice." Density of Ice. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 May 2015. <http://elmhcx9.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/122Adensityice.html>.
"If Ice Is Just Water in Its Solid State Why Does It Float? • /r/askscience." Reddit. N.p., n.d.Web. 06 May 2015. <http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1rk606/if_ice_is_just_water_in_its_solid_state_why_does/>.
Helmenstine, Ph.D. Anne Marie. "Why Is Water More Dense Than Ice?" N.p., n.d. Web. 06 May 2015. <http://chemistry.about.com/od/waterchemistry/fl/Why-Is-Water-Less-Dense-Than-Ice.htm>.
"Stock Photos & Video Footage." Stock Photos, Royalty Free Images & Video Footage By Dreamstime Stock Photography. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 May 2015. <http://www.dreamstime.com/>.
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