In the middle of joyful colours; still no at all happy

POPULA

TION EXPLOSION

QUALITY

OF LIFE

Demography is the statistical

study of populations, especially human beings.

Census

A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses include agriculture, business, and traffic censuses.

Demographic Indicators

• Carrying Capacity: The maximum sustainable size of a resident population in a given ecosystem.

• The most important indicators of population growth are fertility, mortality and migration trends or the movement of people from one location to another.

• Natality: Births as a component of population change.• Fertility: The actual reproductive performance of an individual, a

couple, a group, or a population. • Birth Rate (or crude birth rate) The number of live births per 1,000

population in a given year.• Mortality rate, or death rate,[1] is a measure of the number of deaths

 (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

Migration

• Immigration Rate: The number of immigrants arriving at a destination per 1000 population at that destination in a given year.

• Emigration Rate: The number of emigrants/citizens departing from a country at a destination per 1000 population at that destination in a given year.

• Net Migration Rate: The net effect of immigration and emigration on an area's population, expressed as an increase or decrease per 1000 population of the area in a given year.

Population Growth

• Population Growth Rate: The number of persons added to (or subtracted from) a population in a year due to natural increase and net migration expressed as a percentage of the population at the beginning of the time period.

• Population Increase: The total population increase resulting from the interaction of births, deaths, and migration in a population in a given period of time.

Zero population growth: A population in equilibrium, with a growth rate of zero, achieved when births plus immigration equal deaths plus emigration.

World Population Rate

Indian Population Details

• The current population of India is 1,335,959,069 as of Tuesday, January 31, 2017, based on the latest United Nations estimates.

• India population is equivalent to 17.86% of the total world population.

• India ranks number 2 next to china ,in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population.

• The population density in India is 452 per Km2 (1,169 people per mi2).

• The total land area is 2,972,892 Km2 (1,147,839 sq. miles)• 32.8 % of the population is urban (439,801,466 people in 2017)• The median age in India is 26.9 years. Source: Worldometers (www.Worldometers.info)

Causes of Population Explosion in India• Gap between birth rate and death rate.• Early marriage.• High fertility rates.• High reproductive age group.• Unmet demand for contraceptives.• Lack of adequate knowledge of family planning methods.• Sexual activity and behaviour.• Less abortion rate.• Large family concept.• General illiteracy.• Satisfaction through sharing a joint family.

Consequences of overpopulation include:

• Child poverty• High birth rates• Lower life expectancies• Lower levels of literacy• Higher rates of unemployment, especially in urban• Insufficient arable land• Little surplus food• Poor diet with ill health and diet-deficiency diseases.• Low per capita GDP(Gross Domestic Productivity)• Increasingly unhygienic conditions• Government is stretched economically

Impact of Population Explosion on Education

• Abnormal rush of admission at all levels• Insufficient infrastructure• Insufficient accommodation• Overcrowded classes• Recruitment of untrained teachers in certain

schools• Inadequate staff in schools• Deterioration in standards of education.

• Even with the best intensions and planning it may not be possible to solve the problems of expansions of education ,unemployment ,poverty shortage and inadequacy of civic amenities etc unless these problems are tackled in the context of total population problems of the country.

• Any planning to develop the nation’s material and human resources without a concurrent reduction in the incidence of births is doomed to fail.

FAMILY PLANNING

FORMAL EDUCATION

ABOUT AWARENESS OF

POPULATION PROBLEMS

Right attitude development and decision making power at early age

Population Education

“Population Education is the study of the human population in relation to his environment with a view to improve his quality of life without adversely affecting the environment”.

-R.C.Sharma“Population Education is an educational programme which provides for a study of the population situation of the family ,community ,nation and world ,with the purpose of developing in the students rational and responsible attitude and behaviour toward the situation”.

-UNESCO Regional workshop on population ,family planning and life education held at Bangkok in 1970

“Population Education is an educational activity which is a part of a total social learning process ; is problem centred ;derives its content from population studies ; is concerned primarily with population- related interactions of individuals ,families communities ,societies and nations ;is aimed specifically at improving the present and future quality of human life”.

ISCOMPE : International Study of the Conceptualization and Methodology of Population Education.

POPULATION EDUCATION

POPULATION EDUCATION

FAMILY PLANNING

SEX EDUCATION

• Family Planning stress more about the solutions to avoid disintegration of family, decisions about number of children etc.

• Its one of the aspect of population education.• Sex education stress more on the methods to

prevent the vulnerable diseases and about wedlock pregnancies.

• Sex education stress on individual.

Population education it is about the integration

between individual , family and

society.

POPULATION EDUCATION

Need of Populat

ion Educati

on

Characteristics of Population Education • A new branch of study in the field of Education .

• Studies the impact of the increase in population of different age groups.

• Studies the impact of the total population on the economic development of a

country.

• Helps the students to investigate and explore the interaction between

population and environment.

• Helps the students to be aware of the process and consequences of the

population growth on the quality of our lives.

• Enables the students to describe the causes and consequences of population

growth at the local, national and global levels.

• Provides solutions to population problems and makes human life happy.

Objectives of population Education

General Objectives

• Knowledge and Understanding

• Evaluation and judgement

• Decision making

• Response making to the programmes

Objectives of population Education

• To provide knowledge and understanding of the prevailing population

situation.

• To provide knowledge about the present population trends and issues.

• To acquaint the learner with a knowledge of the national population

policy.

• To help the learner to understand how rapid urbanization affects their

lives.

Specific Objectives

Specific Objectives

• To explain the learner the reasons for the government’s

efforts to manage population growth rates.

• To provide the students with necessary skills to evaluate

the impact of population change on the society.

• To teach the students the importance of a small family.

• To provide information about the measures to be taken

to control the growth of population.

Major areas of Population EducationThere are six major areas of population education:1. The population growth2. Economic development and population growth3. Social development and population growth4. Health ,nutrition and population5. Biological factor-family life and population6. Population programmes -national and internationalSource:- NCERT workshop on Population Education at

New Delhi in July 1970

Role of Education:

Education has a great motivational force to perform for controlling over population.

1. Children in the elementary stage should also be taught through their courses of study, the merits of small family and demerits of large family and should develop favourable attitude and appreciation for having a small family when they become adults.

2. Boys and girls at the secondary stage should be given the knowledge in a scientific way about the reproductive biology system and the sex-hygiene.

3. Parent-teacher associations can also take the responsibility of educating the families.

4. Schools should assume the responsibility of educating the community and the families and should collaborate with other agencies for the education of the masses for having small families.

5.Community forums and voluntary organisations should discuss the drawbacks of large families and the merits of small families.

How Population Education Be taught in Schools ?

• Growth of population in cities• Over crowded situation• Economic development and

population• Social development and

population growth• Importance of good health• Factors responsible for personal

hygiene• Life in slums• Control of diseases

Elementary Level

How Population Education Be taught in Schools ?

• Population growth• Economic development and

Population • Social development and

population growth• Comparisons of national graphs

development• Health ,nutrition and population

growth• Biological factors and population• Stages of growth

Lower Secondar

y Level

How Population Education Be taught in Schools ?

• Population growth• Economic development

and population growth• Health ,nutrition and

population growth• Biological factors and

population• Social development

and population growth

Higher Secondary Stage

Inter disciplinary or integrated or infused approach

Population Education

Vocational Studies

Physical

Science

Mathematics

Life Sciences Earth

Sciences

Social Sciences

Commercial Arts

Interdisciplinary or integrated or Infused approach

Population Education

Social Sciences

Earth Sciences

Life Sciences

Mathematics

Physical Science

Vocational Studies

Commercial arts

Interdisciplinary or integrated or Infused approach

• A distinctive population education unit ,course or module is created by selecting ,presenting and dwelling upon the relevant components of various disciplines.

• A series of related topics of population education are interwoven into an instructional scheme .

• The approach is likely to provide a comprehensive view of various dimensions of population education and hence would be more effective.

• Population education should be treated as a integrated subject with other subjects.

How Population education is integrated with other subjects?

• Languages : In the form of stories ,essays and poems in the mother tongue, regional and national language.

• Social Studies : Statistics on Population and impact of population on socio-economic development can be discussed.

• Science and health education :Problems of fertility, reproduction, family planning and hygienic problems due to over population can be taught.

• Mathematics : With help of percentage and graphical representations students can be made aware of population growth.

• Arts : Cartoons, pictures etc can be used for teaching population education.

Teaching methods that can be adopted for Population education

• Correlational method• Direct and indirect method of teaching• Co-curricular activities• Extra-curricular activities• Discussions• Debates and Seminars

Role of Teacher in Population Education• Should have an in-depth knowledge about population

education.• Should have a clear picture about the prevailing socio-

economic status of the country.• Should be ready to play a very effective and powerful role for

brining about a social change.• Should have the qualities of being progressive ,

tolerant ,skilled , creative and far sighted.• Should have an active interest in population education.• Should have interest to be a part of family welfare

programmes.• Should act against the population explosion with self-

confidence and scientific attitude.• Should have the stability and integration of thoughts, words

and action.

Problems of Population Education

Seminars and Symposia should be organised

It should be able to cater clear -cut idea about aims of population Education

Confusion of the

Concept NCERT,SCERT and allied organizations should meet this need.

Preparation of guidelines for the use of teachers at various stages should be taken seriously

Inadequate Curriculum

Problems of Population Education

Audio –visual aids, teaching materials ,text books, literatures for mass media like radio, television etc should be prepared.

Educational institutions should meet the need with enough literature materials for population education.

Lack of materials and

new technology Syllabus of B.Ed. And

M.Ed. should be revised accordingly.

NCERT and Higher education institutes should produce suitable literatures for teachers.

Lack of trained

teachers and resource persons

Problems of Population Education

Introduce population education among the non-government organizations.

Educate parents through schools based awareness programmes.

Lack of Knowledge

for the common people

Develop more literature materials and text books in the regional languages.

Regional Educational institutions should try to meet the need.

Lack of variety of

language and dialects

Problems of Population Education

• Lack of planning• Lack of transport and communication• Social and religious taboos• Problems of integration• Lack of research

POPULATION EDUCATION PROGRAMME

Which day of the year is celebrated as World Population Day ?

World Population Day

• In 1989, the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Programme recommended that 11 July be observed by the international community as World Population Day, a day to focus attention on the urgency and importance of population issues.

• Year 2016’s theme was 'Investing in teenage girls.

POPULATION EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN INDIA

• Education is the principal solution for tackling the problem of growing the rates of population.

• Ministry of Education launched a Population Education Programme with effect from April 1980.

• It was designed to introduce population education along with the formal education system.

• The main objective of the programme was to create in the younger generation an adequate awareness of the population problems and realization in this regard of its responsibilities towards their nation.

• It was a planned scheme in the Central Sector of Ministry of Education which was developed in collaboration with the UNFPA(United Nations Funds for Population Activities).

• The state level programmes are implemented by state governments with the technical assistance of NCERT.

• Ten states/Union Territories namely Bihar, Gujarat,Haryana etc joined for the programme in April 1980 and nine others like Orissa, Kerala,Tamil Nadu ,West Bengal etc joined in April 1981.

National Policy of Education on Population Education (1992 &1996)

The following paragraphs mentioned population education

• Para(1.13) : “ The growth of our population need to be brought down significantly over the coming decades. The largest single factor that could be help to achieve this is the spread of literacy and education among the women”.

• Para (4.11): Relating to adult education programmes states that these programmes will be linked with ……observance of small family norms”.

• Para (8.16) : “ Population Education must be viewed as an important part of the nation’s strategy to contain the growth of population starting at the primary and secondary school levels with inculcation of consciousness about the looming crisis due to expansion of population. Educational programmes should actively motivate and inform youth and adults about family planning arid responsible parenthood.

Concept Map

Population Explosion

• Demography ,Census ,Demographic indicators.

Population Details

• World Population Rate• Indian Population Details

Population Explosion

• Causes, consequences and Impact of Population Education

Population Education

• Definition• Need of Population Education• Characteristics of Population Education

Objectives of Population Education

• General Objectives• Specific Objectives

Major areas of Population Education

• Six Major Areas

Role of Education

• Population Education at elementary ,lower secondary and higher secondary.

Inter disciplinary or Infused approach

• How Population Education is integrated with other subjects• Teaching Methods adopted• Role of Teacher

Problems of Population Education

Population Education Programmes

Thank You

Presented byHoney Babu,

Asst. Professor in Education,GVM’s Dr. Dada Vaidya,

College of Education ,Goa.