PHILIPPINE VALUES

Etymologically, VALUES comes from the Latin word “valere” which means strong and worthy.

VALUES…

What is VALUES?Maciones (1997)

• “beliefs, behavior and material objects that constitute a people’s way of life”

•Standards in a culture by which people make an assessment as to its desirability, goodness and beauty.

Schaefer (2001) “Collective conceptions of what is considered GOOD, DESIRABLE, and PROPER

or BAD, UNDESIRABLE, and IMPROPER in culture”

Conklin (1984) “Values are abstract and shared ideas about what are DESIRABLE, GOOD and CORRECT they represents the ideals of the culture”

VALUES … • Serves as bases of

understanding whether ATTITUDES or BEHAVIOR are GOOD or BAD, DESIRABLE or UNDESIRABLE, RIGHT or WRONG.

• Serves as the social conscience of society or people.

• Expressions on how an individual or group presents oneself/group in a given situation.

• Reveal likewise the expectations, goals and guidelines, broad perhaps, of the society.

• Differ from one society to another.

Studying VALUES…According to Sociologists &

Anthropologists…• Values are abstract, they are not

readily easy to identify. • Bases of what people think, do or

feel, sociologists can derive meaning from these actions.

FORCES THAT SHAPE

“FILIPINO CONTEMPORARY

VALUES”

Where Filipino Values Derived …

AETA

INDONESIANS

MALAYAN

HINDU

CHINESE

Andres commented …

“Filipino people have a reputation for being culturally hybrids. This is most evident in our art, cities, behavior, fashions among women, business and government practices.”

Filipino Personality Based on Andres

AMERICAN

SPANISH

CHINESE ROOT

MIND

HEART

MALAY/INDIAN

CHRISTIAN

PRAGMATISM

MALAY AND CHINESE

Nice but not the frankness that can breach courtesy.A natural conformistFrivolous

Religious rituals and ceremonies can be an occasion for merry-making & enjoyment.

Meetings and conferences can experience a litany of green jokes and naughty stories.

SPANISH

Spanish Roman Catholicism (a folk Christianity mixed with pre-Spanish superstitious beliefs)

Generosity and ArroganceDelicadezaEmphasis on appearance, reputation

& status

AMERICAN

Public health system, road system, mass education, English language, western democracy, public service and administration, and form of government.

Protestantism, ethics of rationality, independence and direct way of communicating.

Values can be inconsistent and contradictory. These are the reflections of the cultural diversity of a society. Thus, in one situation a society’s behavior may be seen as abnormal.

Inconsistency and Conflict of VALUES

Lloyd (1967) “Values are not called full unless they go through the cognitive, affective, and behavioral processes.

1. Cognitive. After a careful consideration, a free CHOICE is made on what values should be chosen.

2. Affective. An individual should have chosen the things because he/she loves or values them. “AFFECTION”

3. Behavioral. When one values a thing so highly it will be observable in one’s actions. And there is also CONSISTENCY in doing so.

• Health• Truth• Love• Spirituality• Social Responsibility • Economic Sufficiency• Nationalism and Patriotism• Global Solidarity

Basic VALUES

Jaime Bulatao’s

FOUR BASIC VALUES

1. Close Family Ties.

Basic Filipino Values

It is seen as a defense against all hostilities from the outside world.

2. Respect for Elders.Obedience

is the essence of respect for

elders.

3. Economic and Social Upliftment

Pulling out from economic difficulties by way of sacrificing for the sake of others.

4. Patience and Endurance

The way Filipinos bounce back when tragedy or misfortune strikes.

Horacio de la Costa, SJ’s

(Filipino national tradition viewed from within & not

from without)

1. Self-reliance (Pagsasarili)

Sense of developing oneself to be a responsible human being.

2. Sharing with One’s Fellowmen (Pakikisama)

Ideals of giving and receiving as members living together as a family, in a society & community.

Both rewards and burdens that are shared together.

(For peer groups) Strong sense of camaraderie or belongingness that pervades in their relationship.

3. National Unity (Pagkakaisa)

Free discussion and understanding in order to bring unity.

4. Heroism (Pagkabayani)

Dedication of one’s life for the common good of the country.

Enriquez’s (Values that are

indigenous to Filipinos)

1. Kalayaan (Freedom)

Important value of freedom.

Life and Death

2. Katarungan (Social Justice)

Basic human rights and need for truth and reason to rule.

3. Katotohanan (Truth)

Reason, peace and unity. To be against all forms of deception, cover-up and whitewashing.

4. Karangalan (Dignity)

Individual’s self-esteem no matter how others regard him.

5. Pakikipagkapwa (Shared Identity)

How each individual treats his fellow human being.

Smooth Interpersonal Relationship (SIR)

Other Values in Philippine Culture

Mechanism or facility of getting along with others in order to avoid outwards signs of conflict or avoidance of potential situations that may result to HIYA.

Reciprocity (Utang na Loob) When there is a service received or something done, whether it was solicited or not, that demands a return.

Hiya (Self-esteem, Amor Propio)

Being sensitive to an offense or insult.

Balat-sibuyas (onion-skinned)

Bahala Na (Let Fate Takes Its Course)

An individual submits to the belief by leaving matters to someone or something or to the supernatural to do what is necessary.

• Freedom • Equal Opportunity• Science• Democracy• Material Comfort

Some Values Adapted in Philippine Culture

• Hard work• Success• Achievement• Efficiency• Free enterprise

THANK YOU

AND

GOD BLESS