PERITONIAL DIALYSER

PERITONIUM

• Membrane covering abdominal cavity• Covers almost all the intra abdominal organs• Made of mesothelium supported by thin layer of connective tissues• Supports the abdominal organs and serves as conduit for blood and

lymph vessels

PERITONIAL DIALYSIS-PRINCIPLE

• Peritoneum here acts as a semi-permeable membrane• Unwanted fluid and solute and move from blood to dialysis solution

through the semi permeable membrane (HERE PERITONIUM)• The process that takes place here is ultrafiltration, convection and

diffusion

• DIAGRAM-PASSAGE OF SOLUTE

• The diagram gives you a clear explanation• The impure solute particles in the blood is passed through the semi

permeable membrane leaving the blood within the membrane• The driving force is the concentration gradient between the

peritoneal dialysate and the blood

PASSAGE OF UNWANTED LIQUID• The passage of unwanted liquid occurs due to the osmotic pressure

gradient and this is achieved by adding glucose to the dialysate• The fluid is removed due to the osmotic pressure variation which is

the driving force

Principles of peritoneal dialysis

• The total set up has the following components• 2 bags one with the dialysate and another to collect the waste from

the blood• A hole is made in the abdomen and the dialysate is pass though it into

the peritoneum• Now inside the peritoneum the dialysate is present and thus the

passage of the liquid through the semipermeable membrane occurs due to the variation in the osmotic pressure and the passage of solute is due to variation in concentration• Thus the unwanted liquid below the kidney is taken away through the

peritoneum membrane which acts as the semi-permeable membrane here

• From the peritoneum it is again taken outside through the tube to another bag where the waste liquid is collected• And once again the pure dialysate is sent into the peritoneum and the

process is continued

TYPES OF CATHETERS USED

DIALYSATE

• The dialysate is a liquid containing sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride are present in general and sometimes glucose may also present• Main function is to remove waste materials from the blood and keep

the useful materials from leaving the blood

TYPES OF PERITONIAL DIALYSIS• 3 Types• CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONIAL DIALYSIS

In this the dialysis is given to the patient very often in the daytime and only once during the night time

• CONTINUOUS CYCLIC PERITONIAL DIALYSIS

In this method the dialysis is done only once in the daytime and often in the night time

• DAY INTERMITTENT PERITONIAL DIALYSIS

In this the dialysis is done several times in day time alone and no need of dialysis at night time

• NIGHT INTERMITTENT PERITONIAL DIALYSISAs the name itself indicates this is done several times at night and no need of dialysis at day time

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