PATTERNSOF

INHERITANCE

By

Felix Boadu

Armstrong Obilor

Thursday, April 13, 2023Patterns of Inheritance

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PLAN OF PRESENTATION

Terminologies

Mendelian Traits

Mendel’s Laws of Heredity

Mendelian Traits In Humans

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BASIC DEFINITIONS

HEREDITY - transmission of genetically controlled characteristics

GENE - the basic unit capable of transmitting characteristics from one generation to the next

GENOTYPE - the genetic makeup of an organism

PHENOTYPE - the visible characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment

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BASIC DEFINITIONS

INHERITANCE - is the way of passing of hereditary information

HOMOZYGOTE - an organism that has two identical genes at the same place on two corresponding chromosome

HETEROZYGOTE - an organism possessing two dissimilar forms of a gene for a heritable characteristic

ALLELE - one of two or more alternative forms of a gene, occupying the same position locus on paired chromosomes and controlling the same inherited characteristic

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BASIC DEFINITIONS

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MENDELIAN TRAITS

TRAITS - a quality or characteristic that is genetically determined

Mendel’s Laws of Heredity; 1st law – the law of unit

characters 2nd law – the law of

segregation 3rd law – the law of

independent assortment

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THE LAW OF UNIT CHARACTERS

It state that, the various hereditary characters are controlled by factors, and there is a pair of factors for each character

Also known as the law of monotony of the first filial generation (F1)

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THE LAW OF SEGREGATION

It states that every individual possesses a pair of alleles (assuming diploid) for any particular trait and that each parent passes a randomly selected copy (allele) of only one of these to its offspring

In F2 the ratio will be; 3:1 by phenotype and 1:2:1 by genotype

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THE LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

It states that separate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring

Also known as the law of inheritance

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THE LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

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MENDELIAN TRAITS IN HUMANS

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MENDELIAN TRAITS IN HUMANS

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HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE

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SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

END OF PRESENTATION

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