Part three the_internet[1]

04/15/23 Mugerwa Richard

Part Three

The Internet


Objectives Understand what the Internet is and how it works. Understand what the Word Wide Web (WWW) is and

how it works. To understand the use of web browser. To understand how to use the e-mail. To differentiate between the Internet and WWW. To differentiate between the Internet and Intranet. To differentiate between the Intranet and extranet. To differentiate between the Website and www. To differentiate between the Website and Intraweb. To understand what a search engine is and how it

works.


Internet or the Net

What is the Internet?


What is the Internet?

The Internet is a Network of computer networks linked together worldwide.

It is a public (global) network of computers based on TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet protocol) – Set of rules or standards used by networked computers to communicate to each other.

What is a network?


What is the Internet? cont…

Internet is transport for information Computer networks are linked by either copper

wire, Fiber optic cables Wireless connection through satellite

The Internet is a global network of networks. People and organizations connect onto the

Internet so they can access its massive store of shared information.


What is the Internet? cont…

The Internet is an fundamentally participative medium of working with information.

Anybody can publish information or create new services.

The Internet is a cooperative endeavour -- no organization is in charge of the Net.


How Do I Connect to the Internet?

Computer Network Links (connection) –

Phone Line, Cables, digital subscriber line (DSL), Wireless, ...

Modem Network Software - TCP/IP Application Software –

Operating System, Web Browser,

Internet Service Provider (ISP)


Services on the Internet Some of the services on the Internet include:

World Wide Web Accessing various websites

E-mail (Electronic Mail) Exchange of electronic messages

Internet Relay Chat (IRC) Instant communicating or chatting, Chat rooms

Newsgroups E-commerce and e-business Internet phone calls (Voice over Internet

Protocol)VoIP …


Internet cont…

Internet Service Provider (ISP) A company that provides access to the Internet

to individuals or companies. E.g. MTN, UTL

Web Hosting Provider (WHP) Are companies that allows you a place to keep

your web site on their server so people on the Internet can view it. E.g. Jolis.net, Hostingpot.com


Internet cont…

Internet – a worldwide network of computers, making information available to everyone


Internet cont…

On these computers, people have published information: pages with text and pictures.

These pages are called ‘webpages’ which are linked to form ‘websites’. There are millions of websites on internet, with an enormous amounts of information which you can view and use for your reading, research or fun!

These websites are accessed through a web browser


Web Browser

Web browser is an application software that enables users to display and interact with web pages or websites.

It an application software that enables users to access the Internet through different websites.

The user can access: Either on WWW Or the Intraweb


Web Browser cont...

Software for accessing the web

Examples of web browser software


Features of a Web Browser Konqueror


Web Browser cont...

MozillaFirefox


Address window or Location window The uniform resource locator (URL) is the

unique identifier of a web page. The location window displays the URL of the

current page. You can go directly to a web page if you know

its URL: click once in the location window and type it in the URL

Features of a Web Browser


Web Browser cont…

Exercise Open web browser Type in address bar “www.google.com” “www.bbc.co.uk” “http://home.umu.ac.ug/” “http://www.fiuc.org/umu”


What is World Wide Web (www)

World Wide Web (WWW, “The Web”) is the interconnection of the websites (documents) and Internet services (Email, IRC, etc)

Webpage - document on WWW Website

collection of linked Webpages under common administration, i.e. One organisation like Uganda Martyrs University

The starting point for a web site sometimes is called a home page.


World Wide Web cont.

Web pages are stored in computers called web servers.

Any organization can setup a web server.



Intranethttp://home.umu.ac.ug

Websitehttp://www.fiuc.org/umuhttp://www.umu.ac.ug


UMU Website



Website Collection of web-pages under common

administration Each website has a unique address

URL – Uniform Resource Locator – is the address of a web site.

The global address of a webpage (documents) and other resources on the World Wide Web.

URLs start wit http:// which stands for hypertext transfer protocol

Accessed through web browsers


Internet and www

Differences Internet is interconnection of computer

networks www is the interconnection of websites

Similarities They are accessed through web browsers They use the same web technology

Research about the uses of www.


Intranet

Why does this website looks different from the one I see when I am at the university?

What is an Intranet? An Intranet is private computer network

Local Area Network (LAN) Intranets offer all the benefits of the Internet

but offer them privately For a particular organisation for example

Uganda Martyrs University


UMU Intraweb


Intranet cont…

Benefits of the Intranet Exchange of e-mails with in the organization Sharing of information Sharing resources

What do you think are the disadvantages of the Intranet?


E-mail

What is an e-mail? Electronic mail Communication between two or more parties Sender and recipient need an email address <username@domain> Procedure


E-mail cont…

E-mail language Inbox - Box for incoming messages Sent or Outbox – outgoing messages Trash – Box for deleted messages Compose or New – Write a new message Send – Send message Login or Sing in Logout or Sign out


Email Clients - program that lets the user receive and send electronic messages. Most email client software allows you to: Display a list of received messages. Each message

header shows you who sent the mail, the subject line, the time and date it was sent, and at times, the size of the message.

Select the message header and read the message. Create new messages. Reply to, forward, and delete messages. "Attach" files (called attachments) to messages you send. Download the attachment. Save the attachments you receive.

Accessing the E-mail


Accessing the E-mail cont…

How do I access my e-mail (UMU)?


Accessing the E-mail cont.


Accessing the E-mail cont…

How do I access my e-mail (UMU)?

1 - number of the message; 2 - date and time message arrived; 3 - name of the sender; 4 - subject of the email; 5 - size of the message



How do I access my e-mail (Yahoo)?


Reading and sending a E-mail cont.

How do I read an e-mail message?



Use of Different Buttons The Stop button stops page loading. The Reload button fetches a fresh copy of

the page. If the page is already loaded, the Stop button

freezes the animations. Go back one page Go forward one page



The progress bar illustrates page load

progress.

Go back one page

Go back one page


Reading and sending a E-mail cont.


Attaching a file to E-mail

How do I attach a file to a message? Use New button as you are sending message Attachment – Click on Browse Select the file from its Location Click Open button Click Add button


Sending and receiving message

Sending Specify recipient Specify subject Compose message Send

Receiving email Go to inbox Select message


Sending and receiving message cont. Imagine receiving such a message?

The sender of this message is called "Your Name" and we do not know what the message is about.

The use of CC The use of Subject


Exercise

Send an email to a classmate and CC to another classmate Use this address: [email protected]

Receive that email


Searching the Internet

The underlying model is client-server. A Web server is a program running on a

computer that is set up to serve documents to other client computers that send requests for documents.

A Web client is a program that lets the user request documents from a server. The server only operates when a document is requested.


Searching the Internet cont…


A Web client is usually a Web browser.

Its operation is as follows: Client connects to a computer specified by a network

address; This address is called a URL (Uniform Resource

Locator); Request is sent to the computer's Web server (http

server); Server responds by sending the text and other media; The document is in HTML (Hypertext Markup

Language).




Using Search Engines A search engine is a database of resources

that can be searched by keywords. Alta Vista <www.altavista.com> Northern Light <www.northernlight.com> Google <www.google.com>

Type in a keyword e.g. Computer Literacy




The next screen shows the results: Google found 7.630.000 websites and shows you the first ten on this page.

Each result is a ‘link’ to a website containing the key word ‘Computer Literacy’. Move your cursor on a link and click to visit that website.

Use the mouse right button to open a new tab for each link you want to view or ‘Back’-button to go back to Google’s results and click on another link.





Hyperlinks – What is hyperlinks Hyperlinks typically appear as highlighted

(underlined and coloured). When you move the mouse cursor over a

hyperlink, the arrow should change to a “small hand pointing at the link" when you've found a hyperlink.

Click once to follow a hyperlink. A hyperlink can be a graphic, a work or set of

words.



Scroll down using a mouse or scroll bar on the right side of the search window the page to see more links…

Google shows a little text from each website. Google also shows the address of the website

At the bottom of each page, you can click to see the next ten results.



Select the text or information you have searched. Copy the information. Paste the text in the word processor you are

using. Edit, format your test. Save your text. Remember to acknowledge the source of the text

under reference. Example: McKay D. R., (year). Computer Literacy - An Important Skill.

http://careerplanning.about.com/od/importantskills/a/comp_literacy.htm [Viewed 23rd September, 2010]



You Can't Get Lost on the Web

Your browser remembers where you've been. Use the Back and Forward buttons to retrace

your path. Use the Home button to return to your start

page. Press and hold down on the Back or

Forward buttons to see the list of web pages you visited.


Bookmarks

A bookmark marks your place on the Web. Press the Bookmark button for the bookmarks

menu. Select "Add Bookmark" to create a bookmark

for the current page. Bookmarks stay on the computer where you

make them. Bookmarks are called favorites or Internet

shortcuts in Internet Explorer


Review

What is Internet? What is WWW? What is a website? What is a webpage? What do you understand by an email? What is an intranet, extranet, intraweb? What is a web browser? What is a search engine? How do you search the Net?


The Web Adventure Begins

Make sure you keep practice the new skills.


Class Assignment Create a File Type one page of any useful information Utilise all the basic skills we have so far learnt on

how to work with a word-process and the KEYBOARD [it will earn you an additional mark]

Save your file using a meaningful filename Attach it to a message, give a meaningful

subject for your message Send it to my email address, and Send a copy to yourself

Education

Part three the_internet[1]