O leary2012 comp_ppt_ch05

Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill

Chapter 05: System Chapter 05: System SoftwareSoftware

Chapter 05: System Chapter 05: System SoftwareSoftware

Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Competencies Competencies (Page 1 of (Page 1 of 2)2)

• Describe the differences between Describe the differences between system software system software and application and application softwaresoftware

• Discuss the four types of system Discuss the four types of system softwaresoftware

• Discuss the basic functions, features, Discuss the basic functions, features, and categories of and categories of operating systemsoperating systems

• Describe Describe WindowsWindows, ,

Mac OSMac OS, , UNIXUNIX, , LinuxLinux,,and and virtualizationvirtualization


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Competencies Competencies (Page 2 of (Page 2 of 2)2)

• Describe the purpose of Describe the purpose of utilities utilities and and utility suitesutility suites

• Identify the five most essential Identify the five most essential utilitiesutilities

• Discuss Windows utility programsDiscuss Windows utility programs• Describe Describe device driversdevice drivers, including , including

Windows’Windows’Add a Device WizardAdd a Device Wizard and and UpdateUpdate


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IntroductionIntroduction• Computers are ubiquitous in Computers are ubiquitous in

our lives and we expect them to our lives and we expect them to “be there when we need them”.“be there when we need them”.

• We give little thought to the We give little thought to the processes and programs processes and programs running behind the scenes to running behind the scenes to keep them functioning keep them functioning effectively.effectively.

• Such programs (i.e. operating Such programs (i.e. operating systems, utility programs, and systems, utility programs, and device drivers) are the system device drivers) are the system software you learn about here.software you learn about here.


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System SoftwareSystem Software

• Handles the technical detailsHandles the technical details– Includes the operating system, Includes the operating system,

utilities, utilities, device drivers, and device drivers, and language language translatorstranslators


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Operating SystemsOperating Systems

• A collection of programs that handle A collection of programs that handle technical tasks, including managing technical tasks, including managing computer computer resourcesresources

• Every computer has an operating Every computer has an operating system (OS), such as Windows 7 or system (OS), such as Windows 7 or Mac OS XMac OS X

• The OS provides the interface The OS provides the interface between the user and computer, and between the user and computer, and is required to run applicationsis required to run applications


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Functions of an Operating Functions of an Operating SystemSystem

• Manages computer resourcesManages computer resources– Coordinate memory, processing storage, Coordinate memory, processing storage,

and printersand printers– Monitor system performanceMonitor system performance– Provide securityProvide security– Start-up the computer Start-up the computer

• Provides user interface Provides user interface – Character-based interfaceCharacter-based interface– Graphical user interface (GUI)Graphical user interface (GUI)

• Runs applicationsRuns applications– MultitaskingMultitasking– Foreground and background applicationsForeground and background applications


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Features of an Operating Features of an Operating SystemSystem

• BootingBooting• Features in common with application Features in common with application

softwaresoftware– IconsIcons– PointersPointers– WindowsWindows– MenusMenus– Dialog boxesDialog boxes– HelpHelp


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Categories of Operating Categories of Operating Systems Systems

• Hundreds of operating systemsHundreds of operating systems• Three basic categoriesThree basic categories

– Embedded operating systems Embedded operating systems (handheld)(handheld)– Network operating systems Network operating systems (linked (linked

computers)computers)– Stand-alone operating systems Stand-alone operating systems (desktop)(desktop)


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More on Operating More on Operating Systems Systems

• An OS is often called the software An OS is often called the software environment or platform environment or platform

• Operating systems commonly used by Operating systems commonly used by individualsindividuals– Windows – most widely usedWindows – most widely used– Mac OS – powerful and easy to useMac OS – powerful and easy to use– UNIX – network; originally designed for UNIX – network; originally designed for

WebWeb– LINUX – non proprietary; free from the LINUX – non proprietary; free from the

WebWeb


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Windows Windows • The most popular microcomputer The most popular microcomputer

operating system – over 90 percent of operating system – over 90 percent of the marketthe market

• Comes in a variety of different Comes in a variety of different versionsversions

• Windows 7 provides several Windows 7 provides several improvements over Windows Vistaimprovements over Windows Vista


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Mac OSMac OS• Mac OS X Mac OS X is designed to run on Apple is designed to run on Apple

computerscomputers• One of the most innovative operating One of the most innovative operating

systems, but not used as widely as Windowssystems, but not used as widely as Windows• Mac OS (Boot Camp) allows you to run bothMac OS (Boot Camp) allows you to run both

the Mac OS andthe Mac OS andWindows Windows


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UNIX and LINUXUNIX and LINUX

• UNIX operating systemUNIX operating system– Originally designed to run on networked Originally designed to run on networked

minicomputersminicomputers

• LINUX is a version of UNIXLINUX is a version of UNIX– Open sourceOpen source– Not proprietaryNot proprietary


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Virtualization Virtualization

• Ability to support multiple operating Ability to support multiple operating systems on a single physical machinesystems on a single physical machine

• Virtualization softwareVirtualization software– Physical machine can be logically Physical machine can be logically

separated into separate and independent separated into separate and independent virtual computers called virtual machines virtual computers called virtual machines • Host operating systemHost operating system• Guest operating systemGuest operating system


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Mobile Phone Operating Mobile Phone Operating SystemsSystems

• Type of embedded operating system Type of embedded operating system that is present in every smartphonethat is present in every smartphone

• Some of the best known (with release Some of the best known (with release dates):dates):– Symbian (2009)Symbian (2009)– BlackBerry OS or RIM OS (1999)BlackBerry OS or RIM OS (1999)– iPhone OS (2007)iPhone OS (2007)– Android (2007)Android (2007)– Windows Phone 7 (2010)Windows Phone 7 (2010)


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UtilitiesUtilities

• Specialized programs to make Specialized programs to make computing easier computing easier

• Most essential utilitiesMost essential utilities– Troubleshooting Troubleshooting oror diagnostic programs diagnostic programs– Antivirus programsAntivirus programs– Uninstall programsUninstall programs– Backup programsBackup programs– File compression programsFile compression programs


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Windows UtilitiesWindows Utilities

• Backup and Restore Backup and Restore • Disk CleanupDisk Cleanup• Disk DefragmenterDisk Defragmenter


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Backup and Restore Backup and Restore • Utility program included withUtility program included with

many Windows versionsmany Windows versions• Makes a copy of all files or selectedMakes a copy of all files or selected

files that have been saved on a diskfiles that have been saved on a disk• Helps prevent against disk failureHelps prevent against disk failure

Return


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Disk CleanupDisk Cleanup

• Identifies and eliminatesIdentifies and eliminatesnonessential filesnonessential files

• Frees up valuable space and Frees up valuable space and improves system performanceimproves system performance

Return


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Disk DefragmenterDisk Defragmenter

• Identifies and eliminates unnecessary Identifies and eliminates unnecessary fragmentsfragments

• Rearranges files and unused disk Rearranges files and unused disk space to optimize operationsspace to optimize operations

• Speeds up file accessSpeeds up file access

Return


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Utility SuitesUtility Suites

• A group of utility programs bundled A group of utility programs bundled for salefor sale

• Buying the package is more Buying the package is more affordableaffordable

• Popular suitesPopular suites– Norton System Works Norton System Works – McAfee OfficeMcAfee Office– V CommunicationsV Communications

SystemSuiteSystemSuite


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Device DriversDevice Drivers• Specialized programs that allow Specialized programs that allow

communication between a device and the communication between a device and the computer computer

• Loaded into memory each time a computer Loaded into memory each time a computer is startedis started

• When a new device is added, new device When a new device is added, new device drivers drivers must be installed must be installed


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Virus Protection and Internet Virus Protection and Internet SecuritySecurity

• Internet Security SuiteInternet Security Suite– Continually monitors your computerContinually monitors your computer

• VirusScanVirusScan– Controls the frequency of searches for Controls the frequency of searches for

virusesviruses– Quarantines or deletes infected filesQuarantines or deletes infected files

• Privacy ServicePrivacy Service– Helps protect yourHelps protect your

privacy onlineprivacy online– Block websites, cookies,Block websites, cookies,

and adsand ads


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Careers In ITCareers In IT• Computer support specialist Computer support specialist

provide technical support to provide technical support to customers and other userscustomers and other users

• Resolve common networking Resolve common networking problems and use troubleshooting problems and use troubleshooting programs to diagnose problemsprograms to diagnose problems

• Employers look for a bachelors Employers look for a bachelors degree, good analytical and degree, good analytical and communication skillscommunication skills

• Computer support specialist can Computer support specialist can expect to earn $32K - $53K expect to earn $32K - $53K annuallyannually


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A Look to the FutureA Look to the FutureIBM's Aware SupercomputerIBM's Aware Supercomputer

• IBM’s Automatic Computing Initiative IBM’s Automatic Computing Initiative (ACI)(ACI)– Handles time-consuming maintenanceHandles time-consuming maintenance– Self-regulating and virtually invisibleSelf-regulating and virtually invisible

• Self-maintaining servers Self-maintaining servers – Self-repairing Self-repairing – Self-updating Self-updating – Self-protectingSelf-protecting


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Open-Ended Open-Ended Questions(Page 1 of 2)Questions(Page 1 of 2)

• Describe system software. What are Describe system software. What are the four types of system programs?the four types of system programs?

• What are the basic functions of every What are the basic functions of every operating system? What are the three operating system? What are the three basic operating system categories?basic operating system categories?

• Explain the differences and Explain the differences and similarities between Windows, Mac similarities between Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. Discuss virtualization.OS, and Linux. Discuss virtualization.


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Open-Ended Open-Ended Questions(Page 2 of 2)Questions(Page 2 of 2)

• Discuss utilities. What are the five Discuss utilities. What are the five most essential utilities? What is a most essential utilities? What is a utility suite?utility suite?

• Explain the role of device drivers. Explain the role of device drivers. Discuss the Discuss the Add a Device Wizard Add a Device Wizard and and Windows UpdateWindows Update..

Education

O leary2012 comp_ppt_ch05