PRESENTATION ON

NETWORK TOPOLOGY

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NETWORKS

• A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications.

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TYPES OF NETWORKING

• LAN - Local Area Network

• WAN - Wide Area Network

• WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network

• MAN - Metropolitan Area Network

• CAN - Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network,

or sometimes Cluster Area Network

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Contd…

• SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network,

Server Area Network, or sometimes Small Area Network

• PAN - Personal Area Network

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LAN - Local Area Network

• A Local Area Network (LAN) is a combination of programs and equipment that connect a number of personal computers.

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WAN - Wide Area Network

• A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a collection of LANs.

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WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network

• A LAN based on WiFi wireless network technology .

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MAN - Metropolitan Area Network

• A network spanning a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city.

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CAN - Campus Area Network

• A campus area network (CAN) is a computer network made up of an interconnection of local area networks (LANs) within a limited geographical area.

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SAN - Storage Area Network

• A storage area network (SAN) is a high-performance subnet, probably (but not necessarily) based on fibre channel, whose primary purpose is the transfer of data between computer systems and storage elements and among multiple storage elements.

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PAN - Personal Area Network

• A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistant) close to one person.

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ADVANTAGES OF NETWORK

• Program Security

• More Secure Personal Work Files

• Reduced Need for Floppy Disks

• Shared Files

• Shared Printers

• Shared Resources

• Easy Maintenance 04/07/23 16:42 13

DISADVANTAGES OF NETWORK

• Server faults stop applications being available .

• Network faults can cause loss of data.

• Network fault could lead to loss of resources .

• User work dependent upon network .

• System open to hackers .

• Decisions tend to become centralised .

• Could become inefficient .

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Contd..

• Could degrade in performance .

• Resources could be located too far from users.

• Network management can become dif .

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Network Topologies

• Network topology is the study of the arrangement or mapping of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a network.

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Types of Network Topologies

• Bus (Linear, Linear Bus)

• Star

• Ring

• Mesh

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Contd..

• Tree

• Hybrid

• Point to Point

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BUS Topology

• A linear bus topology

consists of a main run of

cable with a terminator at

each end .All nodes (file

server, workstations, and

peripherals) are connected

to the linear cable.

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Star Topology

• A star topology is

designed with each node

(file server, workstations,

and peripherals)

connected directly to a

central network hub or

concentrator

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Ring Topology• A star-wired ring topology

may appear (externally) to be the same as a star topology. Internally, the MAU (multistation access unit) of a star-wired ring contains wiring that allows information to pass from one device to another in a circle or ring.

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Tree Topology

• A tree topology combines

characteristics of linear

bus and star topologies. It

consists of groups of star-

configured workstations

connected to a linear bus

backbone cable.

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Mesh Topology

• Mesh Network is a

network where all the

nodes are connected to

each other and is a

complete network.

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Hybrid Topology

The topology that combines more than one topology is called hybrid topology. This topology is used to connect a network that is divided into smaller sections also known as segments.

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Point-to-Point Topology

• The connects two

participants (points).

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Considerations When Choosing a Topology:

• Money.

• Length of cable needed.

• Future growth.

• Cable type

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Selecting a TopologyTopology Advantages Disadvantages

Bus Use of cable is economical. Media is inexpensive and easy to work with. System is simple and reliable. Bus is easy to extend.

Network can slow down in heavy traffic. Problems are difficult to isolate. Cable break can affect many

users.

Ring System provides equal access for all computers. Performance is even despite many users.

Failure of one computer can impact the rest of the network. Problems are hard to isolate. Network reconfiguration disrupts operation.

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Contd.. Topology Advantages Disadvantages

Star Modifying system and adding new computers is easy. Centralized monitoring and management are possible. Failure of one computer does not affect the rest of the network.

If the centralized point fails, the network fails.

Mesh System provides increased redundancy and reliability as well as ease of troubleshooting.

System is expensive to install because it uses a lot of cabling. 

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Contd..

Topology Advantages Disadvantages

Tree Point-to-point wiring for individual segments. Supported by several hardware and software venders.

Overall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used. If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down.

Hybrid Wiring systems can be changed or expanded as needed. Different ports can be used to accommodate a variety of cabling types.

Very expensive.

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