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Nutrition is our Agendanutrition.tufts.edu
The Scope of Food Insecurity in the U.S.:A Review Federal Nutrition Programs
Northeastern University, January 24, 2017Parke Wilde, Friedman School, Tufts University
Nutrition is our Agendanutrition.tufts.edu
Outline1. What are “hunger” and “food insecurity”?2. What federal programs address hunger?3. Can federal programs simultaneously
promote food security and dietary quality?4. Where do things stand today?
Source: New Deal Network, from WPA (undated, 1930s).
Source: The Robert F. Kennedy Performance Project
Source: CBS, “Waiting in the Food Line,” 2003.
Nutrition is our Agendanutrition.tufts.edu
Outline1. What are “hunger” and “food insecurity”?2. What federal programs address hunger?3. Can federal programs simultaneously
promote food security and dietary quality?4. Where do things stand today?
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
a.k.a. Food Stamp Program
History• First FSP: May 16, 1939 – Spring 1943• Pilot FSP: May 29, 1961 – 1964 • The Food Stamp Act of 1964• The Food Stamp Act of 1977• The Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunities Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA)
• The Farm Bill of 2002 and 2008• American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of
2009 (Stimulus)• Farm Bill 2014
http://www.fns.usda.gov/fsp/rules/Legislation/about.htm
.
Benefit Determination
Net income is gross income minus deductions-- Standard deduction-- Earned income deduction-- Housing deduction-- Other deductions
Benefits B = Max – (0.3 * Net Income)
SNAP Benefits as a Function of IncomeHousehold Size = 4
Income-to-poverty ratio
SNAP
(a)Median
Spending-to-TFP ratio
(b)Food
insecure (%)
<1.3 Participant .94 51.6
Nonparticipant .94 27.7
Source: Coleman-Jensen et al., 2011.
(a) Food spending relative to the Thrifty Food Plan budget and (b) prevalence of
household food insecurity, 2010.
Nutrition is our Agendanutrition.tufts.edu
Outline1. What are “hunger” and “food insecurity”?2. What federal programs address hunger?3. Can federal programs simultaneously
promote food security and dietary quality?4. Where do things stand today?
Source: Conrad, Rehm, Wilde, Mozaffarian. AJPH. 2017.
Hazard Ratio for Cardiometabolic Disease Mortality, by SNAP Participation Status
Healthy Incentives Pilot
Abt Associates | pg 20
Impacts on TFV
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Series1
Cup-
Equi
vale
nts
} Impact = 0.24*** cup-equivalents per day; 26% difference
1.15 cup-equivalentsper day
0.91 cup-equivalentsper day
*p<0.10; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
Source: USDA (2016).
Nutrition is our Agendanutrition.tufts.edu
Outline1. What are “hunger” and “food insecurity”?2. What federal programs address hunger?3. Can federal programs simultaneously
promote food security and dietary quality?4. Where do things stand today?
http://ridge.nutrition.tufts.edu/
Concept paper submissions: March 13, 2017