Modals

Modals hulpwerkwoorden

@fish3chips

‘Fish en Chips’ www.gijspalsrok.blogspot.com


I help you.

I will help you.

You always pay before leaving.

You should always pay before leaving.

He is polite to strangers.

He can be polite to strangers.

William and Oscar clean the house regularly.

William and Oscar shall clean the house regularly.

She stays for dinner tonight.

She may stay for dinner tonight.

We pay him a visit tomorrow.

We could pay him a visit tomorrow.


I help you.

I will help you.

You always pay before leaving.

You should always pay before leaving.

He is polite to strangers.

He can be polite to strangers.

William and Oscar clean the house regularly.

William and Oscar shall clean the house regularly.

She stays for dinner tonight.

She may stay for dinner tonight.

We pay him a visit tomorrow.

We could pay him a visit tomorrow.

Hoe verandert de

betekenis/bedoeling van elke

zin met een modal er in?


Modal + verb

Altijd een hulpwerkwoord met nog een werkwoord.

We can help you move the couch.

I’m tired. I’ll go to bed early tonight.

They musn’t forget to leave my keys at home.

Would he want to meet after school?

Nooit +s (shit-rule): He cans/she coulds/it musts… WRONG

Always the same form: I can / you can / he can…. CORRECT

you shall / he shall / she shall… CORRECT

!


can

could

will

would

shall

should / ought to

may

might

must

I can tell you the answer.

I could tell you the answer.

I will tell you the answer.

I would tell you the answer.

I shall tell you the answer.

I should/ought to tell you the answer.

I may tell you the answer.

I might tell you the answer.

I must tell you the answer.


kan vertellen

zou kunnen vertellen

(zal) vertellen

zou vertellen

zal vertellen

zou moeten vertellen

zou misschien vertellen

zou misschien vertellen

noet vertellen

I can tell you the answer.

I could tell you the answer.

I will tell you the answer.

I would tell you the answer.

I shall tell you the answer.

I should/ought to tell you the answer.

I may tell you the answer.

I might tell you the answer.

I must tell you the answer.


Can (=kunnen)

ability He can paint wonderful images with just two colours.

possibility I cannot come to your birthday, I have an appointment.

opportunity We can stay with my sister in Hackney.

permission She can’t stay out after 10 PM.

request Can you hand me those boxes over there?

Could (=kon/zou kunnen)

request Could you hand me those boxes over there?

possibility I could not come to your birthday tonight.

past ability He couldn’t read or write until the age of thirteen.

suggestion We could go out and see a movie if you want to.

conditional They could stay at our place if we had enough beds.


Will (=zal/…)

promise We will see you and your friends at the concert tonight.

prediction I think there will be a thunderstorm.

voluntary action That looks quite heavy. I’ll carry it for you.

Decision at the moment of speech: I’m tired. I’ll go to bed early tonight.

Decisions made earlier: I’m working tomorrow. Niet: I’ll work tomorrow.

Would (=zou)

past of ‘will’ We knew that she would be great at dancing.

repetition After we first met, we would always walk in the park.

conditional If I were president, I would increase taxes.

If I were president, I would increase taxes next year.

If I had been president, I would have increased taxes.

President Lincoln, 1861-1865


Shall (=zal/…)

Zelfde gebruik als will, maar enkel voor I will en we will

Kunt shall niet gebruiken voor: you/he/she/it/they/you shall…

suggestions Shall we buy her a gift?

promise I shall not forget what my parents did for me.

predestination The one that wins shall be our new team captain.

inevitability He’s afraid The Johnson’s shall be his new neighbours.

Should (=zou moeten)

Recommendation They should not buy this bed. It’s too expensive.

Advice You should do your homework more often.

Obligation I shouldn’t be home after 11 PM.

Expectation By now, they should already be home.

Should=ought to Jason shouldn’t forget to brush his teeth.

Jason ought not to forget to brush his teeth.


May (=zou/zou mogen)

Possibility I don’t know, he may be at home.

ask permission May I leave the table, I want to play outside?

give permission You may leave the table.

Might (=zou kunnen/misschien)

possibility I don’t know, he might be at home.

conditional If we don’t have to go, I might call you in the afternoon.

suggestion You might want to check your email for spam.

request Might I have your autograp, Mr. Obama?

Must

certainty This must be the right answer!

necessity You must have ID to enter this club.

prohibition Kenny, you must not run through the shop!

strong You must take your medicine if you want to feel better. recommendation


1. ability (past)

2. possibility

3. opportunity

4. permission (ask – give)

5. request

6. suggestion

7. conditional

8. promise

9. prediction

10.voluntary action

11.past of ‘will’

12.repetition

13.inevitability

14.recommendation (strong)

15.advice

16.obligation

17.expectation

18.prohibition

19.necessity

20.certainty


Exercise: fill in the (most) correct auxiliaries. Sometimes more than 1.

Can – could – will – would – shall – should – may – might – must – ought to

1. When she was young, she _____ swim across the lake.

2. That’s quite a bruise. You _____ see a doctor.

3. He _____ stay a few more days, he doesn’t know yet.

4. If I were you, I _____ (not) have sold that wonderful car of yours.

5. You _____ be 18 to order a beer at the pub.

6. You know what? I _____ help you with those boxes. Give 2 of them to me.

7. We _____ go swimming if you want to. Do you?

8. I _____ go home now, I don’t want to go to bed too late.

9. Don’t worry, I’ll bring him. He _____ (not) be late.

10. As a young boy, I _____ always sit next to grandpa.

11. If this does’n’t work out the way I planned it, I _____ always stop it.

12. You _____ come by more often. I had fun today.

13. We knew it _____ rain, so we brought an umbrella.

14. He says I _____ take the day off.


Exercise: fill in the (most) correct auxiliaries. Sometimes more than 1.

Can – could – will – would – shall – should – may – might – must – ought to

1. When she was young, she could swim across the lake.

2. That’s quite a bruise. You should/ought to/must see a doctor.

3. He may/might stay a few more days, he doesn’t know yet.

4. If I were you, I wouldn’t (not) have sold that wonderful car of yours.

5. You must be 18 to order a beer at the pub.

6. You know what? I will/shall help you with those boxes. Give 2 of them to me.

7. We could go swimming if you want to. Do you?

8. I should/ought to/must go home now, I don’t want to go to bed too late.

9. Don’t worry, I’ll bring him. He won’t (not) be late.

10. As a young boy, I would always sit next to grandpa.

11. If this does’n’t work out the way I planned it, I could always stop it.

12. You should/ought to come by more often. I had fun today.

13. We knew it would rain, so we brought an umbrella.

14. He says I can take the day off.


@fish3chips

‘Fish en Chips’ www.gijspalsrok.blogspot.com

Education

Modals