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MMOGs als soziale Utopieräume
Julian Kücklich
re:publica 07, Berlin
13. April 2007
Utopie und Virtualität
Von der Utopie zur Dystopie
MMOGs: Utopie ...
... Dystopie ...
... oder Spiegel der Zeit?
Der Roman als Modell
Textualität
Narrativität
Realismus
Dialogizität
Textualität
Der Roman als Modell
Textualität
Narrativität
Der Roman als Modell
Der Tod des Autors?
„For the traditional reader electronic writing offers little comfort; it will in fact confirm much of what the deconstructionists […] have been saying about the instability of the text and decreasing authority of the author“
Jay D. Bolter
Narrativität
Der Roman als Modell
„Wir haben festge-stellt, daß die Tragödie die Nach-ahmung einer in sich geschlossenen und ganzen Hand-lung ist [...]. Ein Ganzes ist, was Anfang, Mitte und Ende hat.“
Aristoteles
Narrativität
Der Roman als Modell
Aristoteles
„Wir haben festge-stellt, daß die Tragödie die Nach-ahmung einer in sich geschlossenen und ganzen Hand-lung ist [...]. Ein Ganzes ist, was Anfang, Mitte und Ende hat.“
Narrativität
Der Roman als Modell
„Narrative has something to do with timebounded-ness, and plot is the internal logic of the discourse of mortality“
Peter Brooks
Narrativität
Dialogizität
Der Roman als Modell
Espen Aarseth
„A cybertext is a machine for the production of a variety of expressions“
Espen Aarseth
Dialogizität
Der Roman als Modell
Scutter, he cried thickly
She has it, she got it, Wherever she put it The leg of the duck.
Vidi aquam egre-dientem de templo a latere dextro. Alleluia
Dialogizität
Der Roman als Modell
lol ME ME ME!
it saves ur !@#
we lived to fight another day!
Der Roman als Modell
„When heteroglossia enters the novel it becomes subject to an artistic reworking. The social and historical voices populating language, all its words and all its forms, which provide language with its particular concrete conceptualizations, are organized in the novel into a structured stylistic system that expresses the differentiated socio-ideological position of the author amid the heteroglossia of his epoch.“
M. Bachtin
Dialogizität
Der Roman als Modell
lol ME ME ME!
it saves ur !@#
we lived to fight another day!
Realismus
Der Roman als Modell
Realismus
„Realistic-ness and realism are most certainly not the same thing“
A. Galloway
Realismus
Der Roman als Modell
Lionel Trilling
„[The realist novel‘s] greatness and practical usefulness lay in its unremitting work of involving the reader himself in the moral life, inviting him to put his own motives under examination, suggest-ing that reality is not as his conventional edu-cation has led him to see it.“
Dystopie?
Utopie?Textualität
Narrativität
Dialogizität
Realismus
Der Roman als Modell
Dialogizität
Utopie oder Dystopie?
we lived to fight another day!
lol ME ME ME!
it saves ur !@#
By pressing the ‚I accept‘ button, you accept the terms and con-ditions below
Utopie oder Dystopie?
„But one new and interesting thing in this EULA [...] is the fact that you will be giving up your rights of ownership over anything that you build and leave in the world. Moreover if something goes wrong with the world, or if the powers that be decide to change some part of the code, and as a result you lose something important to you, you have no right to expect compensation. [...]“
E. Castronova
Utopie oder Dystopie?
39,99
Utopie oder Dystopie?
39,99
„Player activity is productive in a number of ways. The basic ergodic nature of the game text requires player input in order to advance the game. In emergent games like EverQuest this can be a creative process which leads to unexpected or unpredictable results [...]. Players are also a source of feedback and suggestions; act as quasi bug-testers; are active on game bulletin boards. […] Finally there are the social and community investment of players that build important structural features such as the social networks found in guilds, and the long-term friendships and team-like relationships that lead to player retention in the game“ (Sal Humphries)
Utopie oder Dystopie?
„There‘s no way to measure the reasonableness of virtual world design decisions [...]. Artists do what artists do.“
Richard Bartle
„The nature of virtual spaces is such that there must [...] be a higher power or administrator. [...] By declaring that avatars have rights, we‘re abrogating that administrator‘s right to personal property.“Raph Koster
Utopie oder Dystopie?
I don‘t want to surrender control. I hate the notion of rights for players.
Utopie oder Dystopie?
„Game fictions are all about testing of ‚hypotheses‘, ‚options‘, and ‚imaginative alternatives, all about offering the ‚contents‘ and not the authored and fixed meaning of a single imaginative possibility“ (Barry Atkins)
Utopie oder Dystopie?
“Then the cheaters came. As a social construct, despite being virtual, the online world of Diablo was just as susceptible to cheaters as the real world. […] New players had found ways of illegitimately altering their characters. Using a technique called 'duping', they could duplicate any item they owned, or even fabricate them out of thin air.” (Andy Kuo)
