Motivation

Dr. Andree Swanson

Opening Activity

What motivates you at work?

To go to work?

Consider what motivates you.

Management Skills: Having What it Takes to Get the Job Done

Motivation: Lighting the Fire

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• Good managers motivate others to reach their best.

• Motivated workers feel great about work.• Workers who feel good, produce more.• Diverse range of motivation theories

Question

Are any of you in a position where you need to motivate employees?

Consider… are you responsible for motivating others?

Theories of Motivation: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory

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QuestionHave you

heard of this theory?

Where are you on the hierarchy?

Please post your response in the Seminar

Theories of Motivation: Theory X and Theory Y

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Theory X Assumptions Theory Y Assumptions

Workers dislike work and will avoid it

Work is as natural as play or rest—workers do not dislike it

Fear is motivating—coercion and threats are vital

Rewards can motivate—people can exercise self-direction and

self-control People prefer to be directed,

avoiding responsibilityPeople can accept, and even

seek responsibilityImagination, creativity, and

ingenuity is widely distributed

Intellectual capacity of average workers is underutilized

QuestionAre you Theory X or Theory Y?

Theories of Motivation: Job Enrichment

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Creating jobs with meaningful content, creative work:

Skill VarietyTask IdentityTask SignificanceAutonomy Feedback

QuestionDo you use

any job enrichment techniques on your job?

Theories of Motivation: Expectancy Theory

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Relationship among individual effort, individual performance

and individual reward

QuestionHave you

been involved in a program using the Expectancy Theory?

Theory of Motivation: Equity TheoryPerception of fairness directly impacts worker motivation.The response to inequity almost always involves:

Challenges to the system Changing work habits (negatively)

Distorting your perceptions Leaving the company

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QuestionHave you

been involved in a program using the Equity Theory?

Motivation Today

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• Range of motivation approaches• Engaged and productive workers• Emphasis on corporate culture• Expanded incentives• Focus on training and development