Making the First Speech

Chapter 3

Terminologies

Kinesics-study of body motions such as gestures, movements of the limbs, torso, head and posture, facial expressions, eye movements etc.

Haptics- a tactile behaviour or having to do with the sense of touch.-refers to a social class of events that occur when two people come into physical contact with one another.

Paralinguistic Codes

- deals with vocal phenomena which make each individual's voice as unique as his or her finger prints.

- “It's not what you say, it's how you say it”.

Pragmatics

-the way language forms are used

-each word varies with the situation where the word is said

Propinquity

-closeness is the “almost sufficient condition” to cause interpersonal attraction between two/ more persons

Proxemics- the study of the relationships of humans to the spatial dimensions of the surroundings.

Four Basic Physical

Distances Between People

1. Intimate distance2. Personal distance3. Social distance4. Public distance

1. Intimate Distance

- 3-18 inches- high probability of physical involvement

2. Personal Distance

- 18- 48 inches-range at which we interact with intimate/ close associates with whom we maintain less sensory involvement

3. Social Distance

- 4- 12 feet-normally used for interaction with business associates and friends

4. Public Distance

- 12- 25 feet- covers the formal & informal gatherings of groups

Rhetorical Competence- a single word that capsulated the essence of

good public speaking

What are the marks of a skillful and veteran

speaker?1. Poise2. Fluency3. Voice Control, and4. Well coordinated body movement

Knowledge about Speechmaking

Three Important Ingredients

1. speaker2. message3. audience

5 Elements of the Whole Communication Process

1. speaker as a person

2. speaker's intention

3. audience need for communication

4. situation/ occasion of the speech

5. structure of the message

Attitudes Towards Speechmaking

1. enthusiasm for speaking to people

2. a balanced interest in content and delivery

3. a desire to perfect one's knowledge

4. a desire to advise rather than manipulate the audience

Skills of Speechmaking

Invention

- process to gather the “stuff” of the speech

Organization- represents the arranging of the parts of the speech to consider the materials one has gathered and the audience's POV on the topic

Style

Delivery

- matter of wording ideas effectively

Memory

- occurs when your speech “goes public”

- facet of speechmaking that allows you to put content & delivery together at the moment of speaking

The Nature of Speech Anxiety

“Public speech is a performance”

Trait Anxiety- different levels of anxiety possessed by each individual

State Anxiety

-when people are placed in a specific performance situation

Building a Positive Speech Attitude

TWO THINGS TO REMEMBER1. Everyone experiences anxiety before a speech.

2. Do not underestimate yourself. Be clearheaded about your own abilities

SIX STEPS TO BUILDA POSITIVE SPEECH

ATTITUDE1. Relabel your anxiety feelings so that they will work for you.

2. View your speech as a communication experience and not as an avenue for the display of the communication skill.

3. Anxiety declines as you give speech.

4. Realize that increasing your skill in public speaking is a way of containing your anxiety.

5. Visualize yourself speaking successly.

6. Practicing out aloud your speech in front of a mirror several times is one best way of combating anxiety.

Recommended RegimenFor students of Public

Speaking1. Breathe deeply, taking in air

up to a count of thirty, then fully exhale.

2. Loosen the tongue and jaw, let them drop into relaxed

positions

3. Maintain good posture

4. Relax hands and wrists

5. Settle the shoulders in proper position, straigten the back and

pull in the stomach

6. Relax the head and neck, turn slowly from side and up and

down.

7. Be erect but do not appear like a MERALCO electric post.

STEPS IN SPEECH PREPARATION

1. Develop the purpose; Every speech speech occasion has a purpose and stick to its objective

2. Analyze the audience

3. Develop the thesis

4. Investigate the subject

5. Structure the message

6. Prepare the message for oral presentation