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How do social interactions and language embedded within the cultural context influenced the cognitive development of an individual?
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Vygotsky’sSocio-Cultural
Theory
Lev Vygotsky He was born in Russia on
November 17, 1896 and died on June 11, 1934 at the age of 37.
His work began when he was studying learning and development to improve his own teaching.
He wrote on language, thought, psychology of art, learning and development and educating students with special needs.
Lev Vygotsky
His experience, together with his interest in literature and his work as a teacher, led him to recognize social interaction and language as two central factors in cognitive development.
His theory became known as Socio-Cultural Theory of Development.
Vygotsky
Cultural Context
Social Interactions LanguageCognitive
Development
Sociocultural theory of development: emphasizes the crucial influence that social
interactions and language, embedded within a cultural context, have on cognitive development.
SOCIAL INTERACTION
SOCIAL INTERACTION Vygotsky emphasized that effective learning
happens through participation in social activities.
Parents , teachers and other adults in the learner’s environment all contribute to the process. They explain, model, assist, give directions and provide feed back.
Peers, on the other hand, cooperate and collaborate and enrich the learning experience.
Example no.1 :
Soon, this child will be able to
walk and run by herself.
This child is learning to walk
with the help of a parent. The parent holds both hands
so the child doesn’t have to focus on both balance and moving her feet.
Example no. 2:
What are you writing?
I’m writing a letter
Father’s knowledge of
letters:Structure (date, salutation, body,
etc.)Purpose (friendly,
formal, etc.)Conventional spelling and
grammar
Child’s knowledge of
letters:Mom and dad write and receive letters.
LANGUAGE
Language Language can be viewed as a verbal expression of
culture.
Every culture has the words it needs for its lifestyle.
It opens the door for learners to acquire knowledge that others already have.
It is use to know and understand the world and solve problems.
It serves a social function but it also has an important individual function. It helps the learner to regulate and reflect on his own thinking.
Private Speech is a form of self-talk that guides the child’s thinking and action.
Private speech in the classroom
I gotta go down, then
up, then down. There.
N.
S is like a sssssssnake.
ZONE OF PROXIMAL
DEVELOPMENT
Zone of Actual Development refer in which the child may perform at a certain level of competency and she/he may not immediately proficient at it.
Zone of Proximal Development refer to the difference between what the child accomplish alone and what he/she can accomplish with guidance of another.
THE ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Zone of Proximal Development
The Known:What I can do by myself
The Unknown:What I cannot do at all
Zone of Proximal Development:What I can do with the help
of someone else.THE LEARNING SPACE
SCAFFOLDING
What is Scaffolding?
refers to the support or assistance that lets the child accomplish a task he/she cannot accomplish independently.
It is not about doing the task for the child while he/she watches.
It is not about doing short cuts for the child.
It should involve the judicious assistance given by the adult or peer so that the child can move from the zone of actual to the zone of proximal development.
Example situations:
Unzipping the lunch bag, opening the food container and putting straw in the child’s juice tetra pack for her / him is
NOT SCAFFOLDING.
When the adult unzips the zipper an inch or two and then holds the lunch bag still so that the child can continue to unzip the lunch bag is SCAFFOLDING.
Loosening the food container lid just a bit and letting the child open the lid himself is SCAFFOLDING.
Leading the straw to the hole and letting the child put the straw through the tetra pack is SCAFFOLDING.
Examples of scaffolds
Implications for teachers of Vygotsky’s theory
Adults and peers are critical to the learning process through scaffolding .
Assisted learning: providing strategic help in the initial stages of learning, gradually diminishing as students gain independence.
Teaching in the Zone—not too hard, not too easy, but JUST RIGHT.
THANK YOU for LISTENING and COOPERATING PHY.SCI
2!!
To God be the glory..
Reporter:LEIZEL A. DESPI
BSEd 2C
