2. What is skill? The learned ability to bring about pre
determined results with maximum certainty with a minimum outlay of
energy and time (Knapp 1963) Key elements of a skill; Consistency
(constantly achieve the desired outcome) Coordinated movement
Minimum Effort (low energy expenditure) Practice (produces the
desired movement and result) Monday, 19 August 13
3. Motor Skill Often used to describe skilled performance. A
motor skill is any activity involved in moving the body to achieve
a specic goal. Examples? A basic motor skill vs. a skilled
performance. Monday, 19 August 13
4. Motor Ability Born a natural Coordination, Balance, Strength
inconclusive Monday, 19 August 13
5. Motor Programs A series of motor skills can be put together
to make up a motor program. Dependant on the individual motor
skills being placed in the correct order or sequence and with the
correct timing between each subroutine. Monday, 19 August 13
6. Motor Program Monday, 19 August 13
7. Motor Program Monday, 19 August 13
8. Skill Classification Motor skills are often categorised
under; movement precision type of movement predictability of the
environment Monday, 19 August 13
9. Movement precision Motor skills can be classied according to
the number of muscles or muscles groups involved in the activity.
Gross motor skills. Fine motor skills. Monday, 19 August 13
10. Gross motor skills Involve a combination of large muscle
actions that result in a coordinated movement. Examples Monday, 19
August 13
11. Fine motor skills Involve the cooperative use of small
muscle groups and the senses of sight and touch. Examples Monday,
19 August 13
12. Skill Classification Fine or gross motor skills? Monday, 19
August 13
13. Type of movement Motor skills can also be classied
according to the type of movement as; discrete motor skills serial
motor skills continuous motor skills Monday, 19 August 13
14. Discrete motor skills Involve movements of brief duration,
and they are easily dened by a distinct beginning and end.
Examples? Monday, 19 August 13
15. Serial motor skills A series or group of discrete skills
strung together to create a more complicated, skilled action.
Examples? Monday, 19 August 13
16. Continuous motor skills No distinct beginning or end.
Examples? Monday, 19 August 13
17. Skill Classification Discrete, Serial or Continuous motor
skills? Monday, 19 August 13
18. Predictability of the environment Motor skills can also be
classied according to the extent to which they are inuenced by
environmental factors. Closed motor skills Open motor skills
Monday, 19 August 13
19. Closed motor skills Are performed in surroundings where the
performer had the greatest control over the performance
environment. The environment refers to external factors such as the
weather, playing surface and opposition. Examples? Monday, 19
August 13
20. Open motor skills Are performed in a less predictable
environment. In an open environment, the conditions are constantly
changing and the performer has limited, if any, control over their
environment. Examples? Monday, 19 August 13
21. Closed/open skill continuum Not all sports skills, whether
classied as closed or open, are identical in their ease or difculty
of execution. Some skills can be classed as more closed or open
than others. The classication system is best represented along a
continuum, with closed motor skills at one end and open motor
skills at the other. Monday, 19 August 13
22. Skill Classification Closed or Open motor skills? Monday,
19 August 13
23. Skill Classification Closed or Open motor skill? Monday, 19
August 13
