GROUP 3

i. Nur Nasaida Bt Md Nasirii. Norfaizatulakma Bt Zainal Abidiniii. Rabiatun Adawiah Bt Norman iv. Nurnadzirah Binti Mohamad Saifuddinv. Norhashimah Binti A Rahim vi. Syazarul Asyikin Binti Rostam

Leadership

Ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals

Leadership Theories

Trait theories Behavioral Theories

Contingency TheoriesContemporary Theories

Trait Theories

Ambition & Energy

Desire to lead

Honesty and

Integrity

Self-confidence

Intelligence

Job- relevent

knowledge

BEHAVIORAL THEORIES

• Theories proposing that specific behaviors differentiate leaders from non leaders

Behavioral theories of leadership

– train people to be leader

Trait theory – selecting the right

people for leadership

OHIO STATE STUDIES Identify independent dimensions of leader behavior

• extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his/her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment.Initiating

structure

• Extent to which a person’s job relationship are characterized by :• mutual trust• Respect for employees’ ideas• Regard for their feeling

Consideration

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN STUDIES

• To locate behavioral characteristics of leaders that appeared related to performance effectiveness

• emphasize interpersonal relations, takes a personel interest in the needs of employees, and accepts individual differences among members

Employee-oriented leader

• emphasized technical/task aspects of the job, focusing on accomplishing the group’s taskProduction-

oriented leader

CONTINGENCY THEORIES

The Fiedler Model

Situational Leadership

Theory

Path-Goal Theory

Leader-Participation

Model

Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)

Theory

CONTEMPORARY THEORIES• Charismatic Leadership Followers make attributions of heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities

when they are observe certain behaviors.

Transactional Leaders

• Leaders who guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirement

Transformational Leader

• leaders who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests and who are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on followers