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Language Acquisition
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LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
GUADALUPE APONTE AYALA
JOSE HUGO OCAMPO REA
MARIBEL BARRIOS PAREJA
MARIANA G.L
Is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language.
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
THEORIES
EARLY THEORIES: Skinner -1957
UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR: Noam Chomsky-1965
CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH
KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
1) THE ACQUISITION-LEARNING DISTINCTION
States that language acquirers are not usually aware of the fact that they are acquiring language.
KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
2) THE NATURAL ORDER HYPOTHESIS
States that individuals tend to acquire certain grammatical morphemes, or functions words, earlier than others.
KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
3) THE MONITOR HYPOTHESIS
• States that a second language performer can use conscious rules only when three conditions are met:
-TIME
-FOCUS ON FORM
-KNOW THE RULE
KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
4) THE INPUT HYPOTHESIS
• states that learners progress in their knowledge of a language when they comprehend language input that is slightly more advanced than their current level.
KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
5) THE AFFECTIVE FILTER HYPOTHESIS
• states that learners' ability to acquire language is constrained if they are experiencing negative emotions such as fear or embarrassment.
1.- MOTIVATION: +2.-SELF-CONFIDENCE: +3.-ANXIETY: -
STAGES OF FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
WOLFANG KLEIN: Three kinds of language acquisition
Language acquisition (1st)
Second language acquisition (2nd)
Reacquisition
The “sensitive period” of language acquisition in which human infants have the ability to learn any language.
1st STAGEFIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
BABBLING
PREPRODUCTION
This stage is self explanatory in which a child begins to make random sounds with their vocal cords.
During this stage, the individual has minimal comprehension of the language and cannot make sense of words, neither in understanding nor speaking.
FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
ONE-WORD
EARLY PRODUCTION
A child can begin to utter recognizable words or at least phonemes that resemble words or simple phrases.
During this period, the individual begins to grasp simple concepts in the foreign language and has the ability to produce simple, one or two phrases.
2nd STAGE
3st STAGEFIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
TWO-WORD
SPEECH EMERGENCE
The child begins to develop more complex phrases with multiple words which form a more complete thought than in the previous one.
The individual can construct simple phrases and communicate basic ideas. The individual comprehension improves greatly but production is still low.
FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
TELEGRAPHIC
INTERMEDIATE FLUENCY
The child’s ability to form complete sentences emerges. Their words have more of a purpose rather than simply identifying objects and people like in the previous stages
The individual is able to form complete thoughts and sentences. Their grammatical errors reduce and they make more of a conscious effort to speak correctly.
4th STAGE
FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE
FINAL STAGE
FINAL STAGE
The child can verbally produce completely sentences , thoughts, and ideas.
The individual can verbally produce completely sentences , thoughts, and ideas.
5TH STAGE