King Arthur

King Arthur

the Legend, the Symbolism & the History

King Arthur

England

800px-Europe_location_ENG2.pngWhy is England its history, legends and culture -- important to us, as Americans? Why is it important to Europe the world?

Why do we care?

images (11).jpgNot only is this where we, as Americans, have much of our national history, but the British Empire spanned the entire globe. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWedTbuAtR4

Sure of course

images (6).jpg220px-Innsbruck_1_262.jpgPlus King Arthur makes a GREAT tale! The story of Arthur has been told and re-told for centuries in every part of the European World

Arthur: The Once & Future King

images (9).jpghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pa4v5gH3b18

A Brief Look at Arthur: National Geographic

In our search for King Arthur, we will begin with the Roman occupation of Great Britain. As you will see from the many stories of Arthur, he often represents a coming together of cultures and traditions: the Romans and the Picts, old Celtic Britain and new Roman Britain, Pagans and Christians.

Arthur: His Cultural Roots

Geography

Wait who were the Picts?

A Pictish Warrior

images (8).jpghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Sgx2lIUtUQ&feature=related

images (7).jpgPre-Roman England was a mass of individual kingdoms, similar to the Native Americans. There were feuds, truces, wars and alliances among the tribes, but they were fiercely independent.

The Roman Influence

We will talk more about the Picts later they gave the Romans a really hard time

Timeline: Caesars Rome

200px-Trireme_1.jpgCaesars_invasions_of_Britain (1).jpgA rowing bireme, as possibly used by Caesar - entirely unsuitable for the stormy and tidalChannel waters.

Deal, England Site of Caesars Invasion Attempts

220px-Julius_Caesar_memorial_001.jpgdealbe1x.gifkent.pngBeach at Deal, England

Memorial at Deal

englishc.gifDeal, England

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTrghYYQBUI&feature=related

Britain AD Video 1/5

Timeline: The Influence of Trade

As discussed in the video, commerce between cultures can be just as influential as conquest even more so where society is allowed to grow and thrive. This is what happens during this period, when Rome is influential, but not war-like for the moment.

Cunobelinus.gifCoins minted under Cymbeline aka Cunobelinus

Evidence of Romes truce with the Britons can be found in their relationship with Cunobelinus, whom Rome proclaimed as King of the Britons. Do you recognize his alias, Cymbeline ?

200px-FirstFolioCymbeline.jpgSure - Shakespeare

Cymbeline, also known asCymbeline, King of BritainorThe Tragedy of Cymbeline, is a play byWilliam Shakespeare, based on legends concerning the early Celtic British KingCunobelinus.

Timeline: The Invasion

caratacuss.jpgcaratacuss.jpgCaratacus

Guerilla leader of the native Briton resistance to Rome. He was tough, smart and a real problem for a very long time in the eyes of Rome.

Timeline: Conquest

220px-Chteau_de_Versailles,_salon_de_la_paix,_buste_d'empereur_romain_(Claude).jpgClaudius

Timeline: Defeat

caratacuss.jpgcaratacus_claudius.jpgCaratacus

Here is a rendering of Caratacus in Rome, captured and in the court of Emperor Claudius.

Timeline: Rebellion

150px-Map_of_the_Territory_of_the_Iceni.svg.pngTimeline: Rebellion

Boudicca

6476584.jpg800px-Boudicca.jpgBoudicca

Timeline: Occupation

http://www.chiddingstone.kent.sch.uk/homework/romans/towns.htm

Roman Towns in Britain

Joseph of Arimathea

During the late 12th century, Joseph became connected with theArthurian cycle, appearing in them as the first keeper of theHoly Grail. This idea first appears inRobert de Boron'sJoseph d'Arimathie, in which Joseph receives the Grail from an apparition of Jesus and sends it with his followers to Britain. Later retellings of the story contend that Joseph of Arimathea himself travelled to Britain and became the first Christian bishop in the Isles.

220px-Pietro_Perugino_012.jpgchalice.jpgTimeLine: Scotland

120px-Statue_of_Agricola_at_Bath.jpgStatue of Agricola erected in Bath, England 1894

201px-Agricola.Campaigns.78.84.jpghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=029gSw0pZCc&feature=related

More on the Picts?

Timeline: Containment

482px-Hadrians_Wall_map.pngThe Walls

Construction Began AD 122

Hadrian's Wallwas the first of two fortifications built across Great Britain, the second being theAntonine Wall, lesser known of the two because its physical remains are less evident today.

The wall was the most heavily fortified border in the Empire. In addition to its role as a military fortification, it is thought that many of the gates through the wall would have served ascustomsposts to allow trade and levytaxation.

A significant portion of the wall still exists, particularly the mid-section, and for much of its length the wall can be followed on foot byHadrian's Wall Path. It is the most populartouristattraction in Northern England.

THE WALLS

http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/romans/hadrianswall.htm

Hadrians Wall

Timeline: Christianity

220px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg300px-ConstantineEmpire.jpgThe Roman Occupation of Great Britain

Timeline: Departure

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWYL4EhgdqM&feature=related

What was Camelot who was Arthur?

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Education

King Arthur