Karmen Guevara, University of Cambridge: Dimensions of Identity, Trust and Privacy as Socio-Cultural and Psychological Phenomena

Dimensions of Iden,ty, Trust & Privacy as Socio-‐Cultural & Psychological Phenomena 16 August 2012

Dr. Karmen Guevara

Computer Laboratory

Cambridge University

Introduc,on

Overview

¤  The dynamics of iden/ty.

¤  The contours of privacy.

¤  The phenomena of trust.

¤  A digital world: shi;ing contexts, no/ons & defini/ons.

¤  Digital enigmata.

¤  A cogni/ve architecture.

Focus

¤  Iden/ty: The backdrop for trust & privacy.

¤  Changes in behaviour -‐ digital experiences.

¤  Psycogni/on: A socio-‐cultural systemic perspec/ve of behaviours.

¤  Subconscious processes driving behaviours.

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Thursday, 16 August 2012 Dr. Karmen Guevara

Forma,on of Iden,ty Model of Organisa,on of Experience

Presence & Belonging

Rela,onship

Contribu,on Who

Am I?

Who

I am

.

Realms

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Dimensions of Iden,ty

Dynamic Feedback Loop Time Con,nuum

Who I was Who I am Who I can be

Past Present Future

Focus of Iden,ty Search

Internal Process

External Process

Con%nual Search for Iden%ty

Iden,ty: Accumula,ve Over Time

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Who am I?

Data Collec,on

Who I am

Add Subtract Content


Explora,on of

Realms

Dynamic Tension of Iden,ty

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Dynamic Tension – A Dilemma

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Contours of Privacy

§ Collec/on § Unauthorised use § Incorrect § Modified

§ Inaccurate

§ CFIP

§ Universal* § Cultural & Social Contexts

§ Social rules:* § Respect: key

rela/onships

§ Open Kimono

§ ‘Honesty’ § Revela/on Game

§ Collateral

§ Concealment

§ Secrets § Lies

§ Relax § Autonomy

§ Escape § Self-‐Evalua/on § Iden/ty &

Individuality*

Informa,on Cultural Socio-‐ Nego,ate

Protect Retreat Confessional

§ Off-‐load § Purifica/on § Clean Slate § Anonymous

*Altman 1977 *Argyle et al 1985

*Altman 1975 *Wes/n 1967 7 *Smith et al 1996


Psychological Contour of Privacy

Core Privacy Func,ons

¤  Inherent in human nature.*

¤  Personal Autonomy

¤  Protec,on

¤  Hide & Escape

¤  Iden,ty Preserva,on

Privacy Behaviours

* Schneier

¤  Control & Regulate

¤  Contextual & Situa,onal

¤  Back-‐Stage – Front-‐Stage*

¤  Islands of Privacy*

*Erving Goffman *Christena Nippert-‐Eng

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The Phenomenon of Trust

IDENTITY

TRUST

TRUST

TRUST

PRIVACY

Goal: Expecta,on of individual & simultaneous

coopera,on.*

Objec,ve uncertainty transformed into subjec,ve

certainty.*

*Luhmann 1973 *Pruia/Kimmel 1977 9


Trust Heuris,cs

Psycogni,ve

¤  Biological programming.

¤  Trust default – manages complexity.*

¤  Innate longing for rela,onship.

¤  Dynamic tension: desire & fear.

¤  Predicated on core belief systems & cultural norms.

Contextual Behaviours

¤  Interdependence.

¤  Friendship-‐based.

¤  Social currency.

¤  Calculus-‐Iden,fica,on process.*

¤  Levels: rela,onal, generalised, abstract systems.*

*Lewicki & Wiethoff 2000 *Bierhoff & Vornefeld 2004 *Luhmann 1973

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Shi^ing Context: Binary to Digital IDENTITY

Who am I? Where am I? Where do I belong?

Dynamic Tension

Choices

IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION

How? Where? By Whom?

TRUST

Why? What? Whom?

PRIVACY

What? To Whom? How?

A Digital Eclipse?

The Themes

§  Ques,ons

§  Tension §  Choice

§  Control

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Shi^ing No,ons of Iden,ty

AXES OF IDEN

TITY

Dynamic Tension

Construc,on Process

Temporal Spa,al

Boundlessness

² Speed ² Timelessness ² Invisibility ² Invincibility

² Mul/plicity ²  Intersec/on ²  Collapsing ²  Convergence

Desire: More Now

²  Content ²  Connect ²  Communicate

Fear: Diminishment

²  The; ²  Abused ²  Exposure ²  Protect

Spiral Process

²  Con/nuous ²  Accelera/ng ²  Decreasing ²  Increasing

Fluidity ² Infinite possibili/es ² Freedom ² Anonymity

Organisa,on of

Experience

Dynamic Tension

Rapid Expansion of

Realms

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Integral Perspec,ve

INTER-‐SUBJECTIVE

CULTURAL INTER-‐OBJECTIVE SOCIO-‐SYSTEMIC

SUBJECTIVE PSYCOGNITIVE

OBJECTIVE BEHAVIOURAL

Search

Feedback Loop

Dynamic Tension

Disembodiment Masking

Exploratory

Power of Choice

New Rules of Construc,on

Erase & Reinvent

New Heuris,cs

Dumbing Down

Social Currency

Brain Wiring

Closing trust gap

Privacy Paradox

Basic need

End of Anonymity

Choice & Control

Privacy Train Wreck

Ques,oning

Construc,on

IDENTITY

TRUST PRIVACY

Digital Breadcrumbs

Innate

Add -‐Subtract

Freedom

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Disclosure Push


CORE

Digital Enigmata

¤  Iden,ty: §  The core of the human existen,al ques,oning & search for

iden,ty & place in the world remains.

§  The axes of iden,ty are impacted by velocity & virtual realms which appear to be strengthening the core.

§  Manifesta,on behaviours are transforma,ve at several levels & possibly are transitory in nature.

§  Will the core of the human psyche shi^ in the midst of rapidly expanding digital domains, digital rela,onships, behaviours & intrusions?

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Digital Enigmata

¤ Trust

§  An interrup,on of the trust cycle occurs through a closing of the distrust-‐trust gap.

§  The redefini,on of social currency leads to trustworthy behaviours, thus fostering trust online.

§  The innate propensity to trust is triggered & s,mulated by online interac,ons.

§  Will a specific dimension of Internet trust emerge?

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Digital Enigmata

¤ Privacy

§  A privacy conspiracy clashes with user ambiguity & naivety -‐ignorance.

§  With the strengthening of online trust, will privacy take on a new dimension with a clear defini,on in online domains?

§  A lack of privacy has become a social norm. What other new social norms could arise from socio-‐cultural psychological ‘aberra,ons’?

§  What is the future of privacy? Will the ‘virtual’ transcend the need for privacy?

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16/08/2012 Dr. Karmen Guevara

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EXTERNAL SOCIO-‐SYSTEMIC DOMAIN

Digital Experiences

Psycogni,ve Layered Architecture

Digital Domains

Digital Condi,ons

Digital Behaviours

Quest Ques,oning

Ac,ng Act

INTERNAL PSYCOGNITIVE DOMAIN

Iden,ty Privacy & Trust

Subconscious & Core Belief

Systems

Impacts on core human condi,on

Iden,ty Crea,on

Presence Belonging

Rela,onship Contribu,on

Broadening of Frameworks

¤  Frameworks for understanding the systemic co-‐evolu/on of the Internet within socio-‐cultural Psycogni/ve dimensions.

¤  Frameworks for understanding the core root of emerging digital behaviours.

Social Cultural

Digital Psycogni,on A Systemic

Understanding

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Education

Karmen Guevara, University of Cambridge: Dimensions of Identity, Trust and Privacy as Socio-Cultural and Psychological Phenomena