Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

IT09 L24: MANAGEMENT INFORMATIONSYSTEMS

Viju P PoonthottamAsst. Professor

Dept. of Information TechnologyMES CE Kuttippuram

February 6, 2014

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Table of contents

Table of contents

Overview

I/O Devices

Communication

DS

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Computer Systems

• Super Computer

• Mainframe Computers

• MiniComputers

• Micro computers

• Professional workstations

• Laptop,Notebook,palmtop etc

• Network computers

• Convergent Computers

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Computer platform

• The type of computer system you are using for yourorganisation’s task is often referred to as a computer Platform

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

CPU

• Cenntral Processing Unit

• Expansion slots

• Single in-line memory modules(SIMMs)

• Motherboard

• Disk controller board

• video board

• power supply

• Read only memory

• CPU

• Hard drive

• Floppy drive

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Using more than one processor

• co processor

• i/0 channels

• multiprocessing Capacity

• Parallel processing

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Types of computer system processing

• Online Transaction Processing(OLTP)

• Batch processing

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Secondary Storage Media And Devices

• Disk

• Tape

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Disk

• FloppyTracksSectorCylinders

• Hard drives

• Winchester drives

• PC cards

• Flash Memory

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Accssing Data

• seek time

• head switching

• rotational delay

• transfer time

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Acess Time

• cylinder method of storage

• Cache memory

• Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks System(RAID)

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Optical Storage

• CD-ROM Drive

• DVD-ROM

• WORM

• Re writable optical disk syatem

• Floptical Drives

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Tape Storage

• Magnetic Tape

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Hierarchical Storage System

• Combines hard drives optical drives and tape drives into amulti layered system for large data.

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Input Devices

• Scanner

• Pointing DevicesMouseTrack BallPointing Stick

• Voice Recognition System

• Card reader

• Touch Screen

• Digital Camera

• Etc.

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Output Devices

• Display Screens

• LCD Display

• Printing DevicesImpact PrintesNon impact printers

• Dot matrix printers

• Laser Printer

• ink-jet printer

• Plotter

• Voice Synthesizer

• COM Recorder(Computer Output Microfilm)

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Hardware Standards

• Compatiability

• Expandability

• Reliability

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Other Acquisition Issues

• Timing the acquisition

• Renting leasing

• Deciding on the acquisition

• Choosing a Hardware vendor

• Installation, Maintenance, Training

• Operating Cost and the environment

• Ergnomics of computer workstations

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Software

• System Software

• System Programmers

• OS

• Communication S/w

• System Utility S/w

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Operating System

• Operating System

• Resident Programs

• Transient Programs

• Multi Programming

• Time Sharing Time Sharing

• MultiprocessingAsymmetricmulti processingSymmetric Multi Processing

• Parallel Processing

• Virtual Storage

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Software

• Communication Software

• Other System Software

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Software

• MicroComputer Opertating Systems

• Single and multi tasking Operating System

• Task Switching

• Kernel

• Utilities

• Third party Software vendors

• Hardware Dependence

• Operating System Interface

• Command line user interface

• Graphical user interface

• Windowing

• Dynamic data exchange

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Application Software

• Custom versus Commercial software

• Shareware and Freeware

• Application Program Library

• Portability

• Single user multi user Programs

• Categorising application software by use

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Desktop Suites

• Word Procesing

• Spread Sheet

• Database

• Presentation

• Addons

• Other Application software types

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Development Software

• Programming Language

• Machine Language

• Assembly Language

• Third Generation Language

• Fourth generation language

• Query Language

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Report generators

• Natural Language

• Application Generators

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Case Tools

• Computer Aided Software Engineering

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Programming

• Object Oriented Programming

• Visual Programming’

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General Software Features and Trends

• Graphical User interface

• Windowing

• Object linking and Embedding

• Multi platform capability

• Network capabilities

• Licensing

• Portability

• Groupwork capabilities

• compatiability with other software

• compatiability with periferals

• Ease of use

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Ease of use

• Readability of Output

• Clarity of the menu

• Help

• Tutorials

• Good GUI

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Sophistication

• Wizards and Agents

• Ease of installation

• Hardware Demands

• memory requirements

• Cost

• Applets

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Selecting Microcomputer Software

• Step 1 - Identifying your application needs

• Step 2 - Seeking the right sofware

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Seeking the right sofware

• Trade Association

• Sofware companies

• Software Database

• The internet

• Computer Magazines

• Consultants

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Selecting Microcomputer Software

• Step 3 Choosing the software theat best fits your businessNeeds

• Step4 Choosing the hardware

• step 5 Choosing a software vendor

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

File And Database Management System

• File Concept

• Data element Field

• Record

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File Strctures

• Sequential File Structure

• Direct File Structure

• Indexed Sequential file Structures

• Inverted Files

• Linked Files

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File Structures and Processing Methods

• Online real time Processing

• Batch Processing

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Database Concept

• Data Independence

• Redundancy

• Consistance

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Database Management System

• Dbms is a collection of programms that ,

• Stores data in a uniform and consistent way

• Organise

• Acess

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

database management system

• Stores data in a uniform and consistent way

• Organise the data into records in a uniform and consistent way

• Allow access to the data in a uniform and consistent way

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Components of a Database Management System

• Data Dictionary

• Data Language

• Tele Processing Monitors - Communication s/w that managescommunication between database and remote terminal.

• Application Development Tools

• Security software

• Archiving, Back ups, Recovery System

• Report writers

• Query Language

• Multiple Platform Database

• Web Server Software

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Database Administrator

• Planning

• Design

• Operation

• Training

• User Support

• Security and Maintenance

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Views of the DATA

• Logical View

• Physical View

• The Schema - Logical view of a database

• SubSchema

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Database Models

• Hierarchical database model - IBM’s Information ManagementSystem

• Network database model

• Relational database model

• Object-Oriented database model

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Hierarchical database model

Figure: hierarchical database model

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Network Database Models

• Unlike Hierarchical model the nework model permits a recordto be a member of more than one set at a time.

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Network database model

Figure: Network database model

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Network & Hierarchical Database Models

• Less Flexible

• Require explicit relationships

• Data processing one record at a time.

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Relational Database Models

• Data is organised into a series of two dimensional tables.

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Object Oriented Database Models - OODB

• With the development of Oop

• Messages

• Attributes

• Inherit

• Reusable Objects

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Advantages of Database Management System.

• Data Sharing

• Reduced Data Redundancy

• Improved Data Consistency

• Data Independence

• Increased Application Programmer and User Productivity

• Improved Data Administration and Control

• Increase Emphasis on Data as a Resource

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Problems of Database Management System

• Concurrency Problem

• Resource Problems

• Security Problem

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Specialised DataBase

• Intranet and Hypermedia Database

• On-Line Database

• Data Warehousing

• Data Marts - Subset of data warehousing

• On-line Analytical Processing

• Image database

• Document database

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Data Warehousing - Major Components

• The Data itself

• The hardware and network infrastructure that provides storageand acees to the data.

• The software that extracts data from its original source,convers it into an uniform format and places into thewarehouse

• Graphical query tools to permit dataminig of the warehousecontents.

• A user guide to the contents of the data warehouse

• warehouse management software for information systemspersonnel to maintain and upgrade the warehouse

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Universal Database System

• DBMS vendors have been enhancing their products toincorporate many datatypesThese enhanced products are called univerasl databasemanagement system.

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Communication System elements

• Channel

• Tele communication System

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Communication Modes And Codes

• Analog Transmission

• Digital Transmission

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Data Codes

• ASCII

• EBCDIC

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Asynchronous Transmission

• A Start bit

• Seven bits to represent an ASCII coded character

• A Parity bit

• A stop bit

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• Simplex

• Half duplex

• Full duplex

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• Circuit Switching

• Message Switching

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Communication Media

• Speed And Ccapacity

• Twisted Pair

• Coaxial Cable

• Fiber Optics

• Wireless

• Wireless

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Sources

• Dial-up Telephone

• Leased Telephone

• Wireless Network

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Network Components

• Hosts or Server

• Terminals or Workstation

• Protocol Converters

• Modems

• Terminal Connection equipments

• Network Connection equipmentSwitches, Routers, Bridge, Repeaters

•

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Network Topologies

• Point to PointStar and Hierarchical Topologies

• MultidropBus and Ring topologies

• Mesh Topology

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Network Types

• LAN

• WAN

• Enterprise Network

• International Network

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Remote Access

• Transfering Datafiles between microcomputers

• Connecting your remote PC to your office Desktop

• Connecting to the internet and On-Line database

• Connecting to a remote local area Network

• Connecting to a minicomputer or mainfarame

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Reason for managers to implement Network

• Sharing Peripherals

• Sharing Data files

• Sharing Applications

• Reducing the cost

• Connecting to Other Network

• Capturind Data at its source

• Increasing Productivity

• Permitting Expansion

• Increasing timely Communication

• Increasing Management Control

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Network Concerns for the Manager

• Network Reliability

• Response Time

• Cost

• Compatiability

• Security

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Voice System

• PBXs

• Centrex

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Reason for implementing a PBX

• Telephone keypad as a data terminal

• Voice mail System

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PBX Hardware and Software

• Call Conferencing

• Call directors

• Network accsess hardware and software

• Voice mail Software

• Station Message detail recording software

• Data entry software

• Computer telephony integration

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Reasons for implementing Disrtibuted Processing

• Improved Response time

• Reduced Cost

• Improved Accuracy

• Smoother growth

• Increased reliability

• Resource Sharing

• Increased User Satisfaction

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Distributed Processing Concerns for managers

• Lack of professional MIS Staff

• Standardisation

• Documentation

• Data Loss

• Security

• Data Consistancy

• System Maintenance

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Distributed DataBase

• Replicated Database

• Partitioned Database

• Advantages and Disadvantages

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Client Server Computing

• SQL Servers

• Downsizing

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InterOrganisational Information Systems

• Electronic Data Interchange

• Electronic Market System

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Internet Communication

• Internet Features

• Browsing Documents

• Searching for Document

• Push v/s Pull Service

• Internet Connection Problems

• Sending E mail

• Electronic Discussion Groups

• Transfering Files

• Running Progms on remote computers

• Network Pcs and the Internet

• Internet Telephony and Desktop conferencing

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

INTRANET Communication

• Desingned to provide many of the same features and benefitsof the internetlike: e-mail, File transfer, Document browsing etc

Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Extranet Communication

• Lies between Intranet and Internet

• Allows organisation to connect to a wider group

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Office Communication

• Electronic Mail System• Telephone Tag

• Voice Processing System

• Electronic Conferencing System

• Audio Conferencing• Video Conferencing• Desktop Conferencing• Computer Conferencing

• Fax System

• The Virtual Office

• Groupware Systems

• Workflow Automation

• The Paperless Office

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Table of contents Overview I/O Devices Communication DS

Reference

• Management Information System - The Managers viewRobert SchultheisMary Sumner