International Journal of Concrete Technology vol 2 issue_1

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India

E-mail: [email protected]

¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and InfrastructurePlanning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional PlanningDevelopment

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

Applications3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

Subm

it

Your

Article 2

016

International Journal ofConcrete TechnologyJan – June 2016

IJCT

www.journalspub.com

International Journals Publisher

JournalsPub is a multi-disciplinary international journal boosting innovative & eminence research work

by Division of Dhruv Infosystem Pvt. Ltd. Launched in 2014 under the support and guidance by our

Honorable Editorial Board Members from renowned institutes.

Objectives of JournalsPub

üJournalsPub is international scholarly journal that publishes peer reviewed journal in the frontier areas of

Applied Sciences, Medical and Engineering.

üJournalsPub publishes Original Research Papers, Review Papers, Popular Articles, Short

Communications & Case Study.

ü Publishing special issues on Proceedings of Conferences, Seminars and Symposia.

üJournalsPub Publishes issues twice a year (bi-annually) in English-language which is available online

(open access) and in printed version with a goal to promote an extensive academic awareness.

üJournalsPub desires to set a good benchmark in the publishing industry by launching more than 100+

new International Journals to help the scientific community to enhance communication within the

research communities and maintain a balance between the existing and emerging interdisciplinary

technologies.

üJournalsPub aims to provide quality research articles for Academic Researchers, Industrial

Professionals, Engineers, Scientists, Professors, etc. working in the areas of Applied Sciences, Medical

and Engineering to contribute and communicate innovative work.

Salient Features

üAn umbrella of 100+ journals that covers Applied Sciences, Medial and Engineering Arena.

üThe first and one of the rapidly emerging publication website in Country as well as overseas for its

excellence and exposure.

üUniversal transmission and reflectivity.

üA Rigorous, Fast and Constructive Peer Review Process

üSpeedy Publication of Manuscripts

üEminent Editorial Board Members from renowned organizations.

üFree Registration, Online Submission, Processing, Publication & Online Access of Manuscripts.

üThe journal publishes novel research articles with emphasis on theoretical and experimental work.

International Journal of

Concrete Technology

JournalsPub (Division of Dhruv Infosystem Private Ltd.) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor,

CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journals. Statements and

opinions expressed in the Journal reflect the views of the Author(s) and are not the opinion of JournalsPub unless so stated.

Subscription Information and Order

Cost of Journal

National Subscription

?Rs. 3000/- per Journal (includes 2 print issues), Single Issue copy purchase Rs.1800/copy

International Subscription

?Online Only- $99, Print Only-$149 (includes 2 print issues)

?Online + Print-$199 (includes 2 print issues + online access of published back volumes )

To purchase print compilation of back issues please send your query at [email protected]

Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India include speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without

notice.

Mode of Payment: At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Dhruv Infosystem Pvt. ltd.,

payable at Delhi/New Delhi.

Online Access Policy

A). For Authors:

In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, JournalsPub also have Open Access Policy;

Authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as

follows:

India, SARC and African Countries: INR 1500 including single hard copy of Author's Journal.

Other Countries: USD 200 including single hard copy of Author's Journal.

B.) For Subscribers:

Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of correct

information on user details/Static IP address of the subscriber.

The access will be blocked:

If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking due to technical issue. Misuse of the access rights

as per the access policy.

Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: JournalsPub with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media

for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc. These

journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue.

The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very

welcome.

Lost Issue Claims: Please note the following when applying for lost or missing issues:

Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the next issue

as per the frequency.

Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will be

entertained only with the proofs which will be verified at both the ends.

Claims filed due to insufficient (or no notice) of change of address will not be honored.

Change of Address of Dispatch should be intimated to JournalsPub at least 2 months prior to the dispatch schedule as per

the frequency by mentioning subscriber ID and the subscription ID.

Refund requests will not be entertained.

Legal Disputes

All the legal disputes are subjected to Delhi Jurisdiction only.

If you have any questions, please contact the Publication Management Team:

[email protected]; Tel: +91 0120-4347644.

International Journal of

Concrete Technology

International Journal of Concrete Technology is an international peer-reviewed journal that covers all

topics related to advancement in concrete technology i.e., from the types of different concrete mixtures, its

various parameters, techniques, equipment design and more. This journal encompasses both experimental

as well as theoretical articles and review papers of pronounced importance.

Focus and Scope of the Journal! Advanced concrete technology

! Self-drying concrete technology

! Concrete leveling

! Concrete mixer

! Concrete masonry unit

! Concrete moisture meter

! Concrete plant

! Concrete recycling

! Reinforced concrete

International Journals of Concrete Technology is published twice a year (bi-annual) by JournalsPub an

imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd., India. The outlooks stated in the articles do not essentially reflect of

the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products

described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products

mentioned in this publication.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written

permission to the publisher.

To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English

reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub

([email protected]).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager

ChairmanMr. Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director,JournalsPub,

New Delhi

Hidam Renubala

Ankita Singh

Akanksha Marwah

Deepika Bhadauria

Commissioning Editors

Priyanka Garg

Chhavi Goel

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Prof. A. F. M. Saiful AminDepartment of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh

Univeristy of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Dr. Hasan DilbasYildiz Technical University, Civil Engineering

Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, Davutpasa Campus, Istanbul Turkey

Dr. J. Karthikeyan Department Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Dr. Mujahid Faiyaz Hussain Shram Sadhna Trust's College of Engineering

and Technology, Bambhori,Jalgaon, India

Dr. P. Ratish Kumar Department of Civil Engineering, National

Institute of Technology, Warangal, India

Dr. Samer Al- Martini Department of Civil Engineering, College of

Engineering and Computer Science, Abu Dhabi University, United Arab Emirates

Dr. Anil Kumar SachanDepartment of Civil Engineering, Motilal Nehru

National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India

Dr. Saleem MuhammadDepartment of Basic Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Dammam, Saudi

Arabia

Rakesh Mehar,Transportation Engineering Department,

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, MP, India

Shalem Ernest Department of Civil Engineering, National

Institute of Technology Raipur, India

Prof. Saad Issa Sarsam University of Baghdad, Iraq

Dr. Cengiz Duran AtisERCIYES University, Turkey

Zhenjun HeNorth China University of Technology,

China

Mohamed HeikalAl-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic

University, Saudi Arabia

M. N. IslamNational University of Malaysia (UKM),

Malaysia

C. M. TamDepartment of Building and Construction, City

University of Hong Kong, China

Dr. Pradeep Kumar Agarwal, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology,

Bhopal, M.P., India

Dr. G. Nandini Devi, Professor, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering,

Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India

Dr. R. Srinivasa Kumar, Assistant Professor (Senior Scale) Department of

Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering Osmania University, Hyderabad,

India

Sandeep Choudhary Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana

Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, MP, India

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Dr. Pradeep Kumar AgarwalMaulana Azad National Institute of Technology,

Bhopal (MP), India

Dr. G. Nandini Devi Professor, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering,

Hosur, Tamil Nadu 635109

Dr. R. Srinivasa Kumar Assistant Professor (Senior Scale) Department of

Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering Osmania University, Hyderabad,

India

Rajan Wankhade Assistant Professor Applied Mechanics

Department Government College of Engineering, Karad Maharashtra, India,

India

Rakesh MeharTransportation Engineering Department,

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (MP), INDIA, India

From the Editor's Desk

Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

journal, International Journal of Concrete Technology. This journal is part of the

Engineering Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Concrete Technology, from

theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies.

This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Concrete Technology as an

emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical

investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Engineering Science community, addressing

researchers and practitioners in this area.

The core vision of International Journal of Concrete Technology in Journals Pub is to propagate novel

awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research

societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Concrete Technology in general. Journals Pub acts

as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time &

successfully.

International Journal of Concrete Technology focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of

advanced concrete technology, self-drying concrete technology, cement accelerator, concrete canoe,

concrete leveling, concrete plant, and concrete recycling.

The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Concrete

Technology and solutions in the area.

Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Concrete Technology

community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an

innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new

developments in the field of Concrete Technology.

This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we

would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the

editorial staff of Journals Pub, who supported us at every stage of the project.

It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Concrete Technology readers

and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Concrete Technology.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete with Decision Trees Saha Dauji 1

2. Re-characterization of Strength Properties of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Using Non-bituminous Modifier – Candle Wax Enwuso A. Igwe, Jonah C. Agwunwamba 12

3. A Review on Use of Recycled AggregatesTej Prakash Kumawat, Avanish Kumar Mishra 19

4. Tensile Strain Reduction in Asphalt Concrete Mixtures through Rubberization at the Asphalt Bound – Subgrade Layer InterfaceEnwuso A. Igwe 26

Contents

IJCT (2016) 1–11 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Concrete Technology Vol. 2: Issue 1

www.journalspub.com

Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete with Decision

Trees

Saha Dauji*

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India

Abstract In the past few researchers predicted the compressive strength of concrete from its

ingredients employing data driven technique like Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and

Decision Tree (DT). For Indian concrete records, only one study was available which had

employed ANN for prediction. Evaluation of different performance metrics indicated that

there was scope of improvement in the prediction performance. In this paper experimental

data from the literature was utilized for development of prediction models with the data-

driven technique: Decision Tree (DT). While it is difficult to appreciate the underlying

rationale for the predictions by ANN, predictions by DT are rule based which can be easily

listed and comprehended by users. Decision tree gave better overall performance compared

to ANN models reported in the literature as was ascertained by higher correlation, lesser

root mean square error and mean absolute error. In the end, interpretation of the decision

rules had been attempted.

Keywords: compressive strength, concrete, decision tree, prediction

BACKGROUND

Concrete is a mixture of aggregates both

coarse and fine which is held together in

cement and water paste. Other ingredients

can include silica flume, fly ash, super-

plasticizers or additives for enhanced

properties in case of high performance

concrete (HPC). Owing to the progressive

hydration of the cement and other binders

the strength of concrete increases with age.

The compressive strength of concrete at

any particular time is influenced by many

factors including mix proportions, curing

conditions and methods of mixing,

transporting, placing and testing the

concrete. The prediction of concrete

strength assumes importance in the

modernized concrete construction and

engineering. It is useful for estimating the

time for concrete form removal, re-shoring

for slab, project scheduling and quality

control.[1]

For prediction of the strength of concrete

at various ages, the traditional approaches

are based on maturity concept where the

time and the temperature above datum

temperature are primarily considered. Such

models are available in form of equations

with certain number of parameters, and

these would have been developed on

limited data. Thus, any variation in the

ingredients could result in erroneous

predictions and would call for either new

value of parameters or even new form of

equation.

Data driven tools like Artificial Neural

Network (ANN) and Decision Tree (DT)

does not need a-priori definition of the

relationship between the different



www.journalspub.com

Re-characterization of Strength Properties of Asphalt Concrete

Mixtures Using Non-bituminous Modifier – Candle Wax

Enwuso A. Igwe1, Jonah C. Agwunwamba

2

1Department of Civil Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology,

Nkpolu Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria 2Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

Abstract

Improving the performance of asphalt concrete mixtures synonymous with flexible pavement

has been a major concern in highway engineering. However, design of flexible pavement

begins with proper material characterization to ensure that designs are appropriate. It is also

pertinent to say that sometimes if not most times the properties of the individual materials

that make up the pavement structure falls short of desired expectations. This has led to

exploring techniques that will help improve the properties of the pavement structure. The

present research therefore focused on re-characterizing the strength properties and in

particular stability and density of asphalt concrete mixtures that simulate flexible pavements

by the inclusion of candle wax as a modifying agent. The research was carried out for three

categories of traffic – light, medium and heavy respectively and modifications were made by

adding 5–25% of the candle wax at optimum content. The results obtained revealed the

following; percent increase in stability – 36% for light traffic, 44.4% for medium traffic and

17.3% for heavy traffic at a threshold candle wax content of 15%. Similarly, results for

density increase were – 14.6% for light traffic, 15.5% for medium traffic and 15.7% for

heavy traffic at a threshold candle wax content of 15%.

Keywords: asphalt concrete and candle wax, density, re-characterization, stability.

INTRODUCTION In highway engineering and in particular

pavement design, the term characterization

of pavement materials refers to the

evaluation of the properties of the

individual materials that make up the

pavement.

Also it includes the evaluating the

properties of the pavement as a

conglomerate such that its performance

during use is sufficient to sustain the

various loading conditions (traffic,

thermal, moisture, wind etc) during the

design period without deterioration,

deformation or failure.

The importance of characterization of

pavement materials is that it helps the

engineer to know whether or not a material

will be suitable to achieve desired results

in terms of performance during the design

period. The philosophy behind re-

characterization of pavement materials

stems from the fact that most times the

individual materials that make up a

pavement structure falls short of required

standards and stipulations. In effect when

designs are carried out such as mix design

and structural designs the pavement

performance is likely to fall short of

desired expectations. This has led to

deliberate efforts to either improve the



www.journalspub.com

A Review on Use of Recycled Aggregates

Tej Prakash Kumawat*, Avanish Kumar Mishra Department of Civil Engineering, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India

Abstract

Conservation of natural resources and preservation of environment is the essence of any

modern development. Recycled Aggregates are made from material which is usually

recovered from demolition projects then crushed, screened and washed to produce the

required grading. The recycled coarse aggregates obtained by crushed concrete were used

for concrete production. Generally recycled aggregates are cheaper than quarried

aggregates although this does not make them any less suitable. Recycled aggregates are the

materials for the future. These are eco-friendly materials and it also reduces the cost of

making concrete.

Keywords: concrete, natural resources, recycled aggregates

INTRODUCTION

Conservation of natural resources and

preservation of environment is the essence

of any modern development. Recycled

Aggregates are made from material which

is usually recovered from demolition

projects then crushed, screened and

washed to produce the required grading.

The recycled coarse aggregates obtained

by crushed concrete were used for

concrete production. Generally recycled

aggregates are cheaper than quarried

aggregates although this does not make

them any less suitable. Recycled

aggregates are the materials for the future.

Urbanization growth rate in India is very

high due to industrialization. Growth rate

of India is reaching 9% of GDP. Rapid

infrastructure development requires a large

quantity of construction materials, land

requirements & the site. For large

construction, concrete is preferred as it has

longer life, low maintenance cost & better

performance. For achieving GDP rate,

smaller structures are demolished & new

towers are constructed. Protection of

environment is a basic factor which is

directly connected with the survival of the

human race. Parameters like

environmental consciousness, protection

of natural resources, sustainable

development, play an important role in

modern requirements of construction

works. Due to modernization, demolished

materials are dumped on land & not used

for any purpose. Such situations affect the

fertility of land. As per report of Hindu

online of March 2007, India generates

23.75 million tons demolition waste

annually. As per report of Central

Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Delhi, in

India, 48million tons solid waste is

produced out of which 14.5 million ton

waste is produced from the construction

waste sector, out of which only 3% waste

is used for embankment. Out of the total

construction demolition waste, 40% is of

concrete, 30% ceramics, 5% plastics, 10%

wood, 5% metal, & 10% other mixtures.

As reported by global insight, growth in

global construction sector predicts an

increase in construction spending of 4800



www.journalspub.com

Tensile Strain Reduction in Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Through

Rubberization at the Asphalt Bound – Subgrade Layer Interface

Enwuso A. Igwe* Department of Civil Engineering, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu Oroworukwo,

Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract

Tensile strains are major contributors in determining the fatigue life of asphalt concrete

pavement because they are responsible for fatigue cracking. Therefore, knowledge of strains

and their role is of vital importance to the Highway Engineer. However, the focus of the

present study was to investigate measures by which these damage contributing factor –

“tensile strain” could be reduced at the interface of the asphalt concrete – subgrade layer.

The methodology involved introducing rubber latex at the optimum asphalt content of the

asphalt concrete mixtures in order to alter the properties of the concrete. Results revealed

that the introduction of rubber latex at varying amounts of 0-3% into the asphalt concrete

mixtures reduced the tensile strains from 9.74 × 104

–4.27 × 104

at loading frequency of 1

Hz, 10.13 × 104

–4.52 × 104

at loading frequency of 5 Hz and 10.87 × 104

–5.46 × 104

at

loading frequency of 10 Hz, respectively. In addition, results further revealed that as tensile

strain levels reduced the fatigue life of the asphalt concrete in terms of no. of load cycles to

failure increased. This was true for all categories of loading frequencies considered.

Keywords: asphalt concrete, reduction, rubberization, tensile strain

INTRODUCTION

Asphalt concrete pavement (i.e., flexible

pavements), one of the largest

infrastructure components in some parts of

the developed nations like the United

States, is a complex system that involves

multiple layers of different materials,

various combinations of irregular traffic

loading, and varying environmental

conditions such as temperature, moisture

and oxidation rates.[1]

Therefore, a realistic

prediction of the long-term service life of

asphalt pavements is one of the most

challenging tasks for pavement engineers

in Highway Engineering. It is general

knowledge among pavement engineers

that the performance of asphalt concrete

pavements (i.e. flexible pavement) is

closely related to the performance of

asphalt concrete. Thus, proper evaluation

of the performance and behavior of asphalt

concrete is of great importance; therefore

performance models of asphalt concrete

provides the links among various

processes involved in asphalt mix design,

pavement structure design, construction,

and rehabilitation. Also asphalt mixture is

a composite material of graded aggregates

bound with a mastic mortar. The physical

properties and performance of HMA is

governed by the properties of the

aggregate (e.g., shape, surface texture,

gradation, skeletal structure, modulus,

etc.); properties of the asphalt binder (e.g.,

grade, complex modulus, relaxation

characteristics, cohesion, etc.), and asphalt

aggregate interaction (e.g., adhesion,

absorption, physiochemical interactions,

Mechanical Engineering

Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India

E-mail: [email protected]

¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation

« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Signals

« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning

« International Journal of Architecture and InfrastructurePlanning

« International Journal of Rural and Regional PlanningDevelopment

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and

Planning

Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication

Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and

Circuits

Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical

Engineering

Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular

Engineering

« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour

« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing

« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis

« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics

« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and

Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and

Applications3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

Subm

it

Your

Article 2

016

International Journal ofConcrete TechnologyJan – June 2016

IJCT

www.journalspub.com

Education

International Journal of Concrete Technology vol 2 issue_1