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Models of Internal Morphology
Concentric Zone Model• Developed by E Burgess in 1920s and
1930s• Development of a city takes place
outwards from the centre to form a series of concentric land use zones
• Each inner zone extends its area by invading in to the next
• Based on decreasing land values• Theory is broad yet did acknowledge
variations in topography and demographics
• Positives: useful, easy way to develop city
• Negatives: assumes isotopic plan, may restrict growth
Sector Model• Devised by Hoyt• Contrasts of land use exist in the
concentric model• Distinctive sectors or wedges of
land use were likely to grow out of the centre eg. Industrial along transport links
• Theory emphasises the role of transport
• Positives: recognises transportation routes, broad organisation
• Negatives: may restrict growth around certain wedges
Multiple Nuclei Model• Put forward by Harris and Ullman• Combines certain aspects of previous
theories however claims there is a trend for the decline
• CBD maintains its dominance as a centre
• Development of major and minor commercial districts
• Satellite development• Expansion of suburb and commuter
zones• Positives: each section has room to
grow• Negatives: needs flat land, even
distribution, even transportation costs