Module 1 Unit 2 Lesson 1 Integrated Science

BEGIBEGIN N

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

OVERVIEW

• The athlete shown on the cover slide is obviously using a lot of energy to participate well in her sport. Does the plant or fire also use energy? If so, what is their energy source? What is energy, really? Does energy affect us or things around us?

• In this slide presentation, you will examine various concepts related to energy – its types, forms and sources.

• You can click on the Menu on the RIGHT of each slide to access various subtopics.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

OBJECTIVES

Having completed this slide presentation, you should be able to:

1.define energy.

2.compare potential and kinetic energy.

3.give examples of at least six forms of energy, including that found in food.

4.cite at least three examples of changes brought about by energy

5.state the Law of Conservation of energy.

6.work amicably together and share ideas.

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

WHAT IS ENERGY?

Scroll through the photos; read their titles at > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Energy/Selected_picture

When you see those energy-related photos, you would have to agree that “without energy, life would be a nightmare”, wouldn’t you? So, what happens when we don’t have access to energy, e.g., when there’s a ‘power outage’ and we have no electricity? Or, when we say we’re tired and ‘have no energy’? What things would be affected if there were no energy?

Help your teacher to make a list or type your response in the box below.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

WHAT IS ENERGY?

From your lists, we can agree that energy is a ‘simply fantastic thing’! What is energy? In Slide Show View, type your definition in the box below. Then compare it with that of other group members.

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People have various definitions of energy, with some of which you are probably already familiar. The definition of energy in the CXC/CSEC Integrated Science syllabus states:

“Energy is an ability to produce a change.”

We’ll use the above definition in this lesson. Does your definition suggest the same thing as the above definition?

Say why/why not. If necessary, correct your definition! CHECKCHECK

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

ENERGY SOURCES

• We can’t actually see energy, can we? Nor feel it, nor hold it? But…. we can observe evidence of energy…. like when we see athletes running, or lightening, or a fire burning.

• We can also observe what energy can do or change and we know when energy is being used by someone or something!

• Who or what uses energy? And, where does the energy used come from, i.e. the source/s.

• NOTE: An energy source is a system (e.g. a dry cell/battery, a hydro-electric station, a green plant) which ‘makes’ energy in a specific way, e.g., by converting it from one form to another.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

ENERGY SOURCES

1. Make a table that lists at least five ‘Energy Users’ at left & their ‘Energy Source/s” (right) or type your response below. You must be in ‘Slide Show’ view to write or delete text!

7Idea from > http://www.learner.org/workshops/energy/workshop1/

CHECK

2. Click the CHECK button for feedback.

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

ENERGY SOURCES

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cont’dIdea from > http://www.learner.org/workshops/energy/workshop1/

Energy User Energy Source/s

motor car/truck/bus gasoline

television playing electricity from mains

people food they eat

football moving footballer who kicked it

a fire burning wood, coal, paper etc.

bicycle moving person pedaling it

plant growing sunlight & food it makes

flashlight turned on battery inside it

computer/cell phone in use battery/ mains electricity

solar light/water heater sunlight

FeedbackFeedback

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

TYPES AND FORMS OF ENERGY

From the various lists, you’ll notice that energy comes from many sources. But energy also comes in many forms, e.g., as light from the sun, or a flashlight/or television; sound from the TV; or electricity from a battery or the mains, etc.

We use the phrase ‘types’ of energy to show the two general categories into which we can group the various forms of energy.

1.Listen to this song on the website found at: http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=29751&CategoryID=2458

2.Read/ do the animation on pages 1 & 2 at: http://www.energyeducation.tx.gov/energy/section_1/topics/potential_and_kinetic_energy/ 9

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

TYPES AND FORMS OF ENERGY

3. From the song, what are the types of energy?

10http://www.enwin.com/kids/electricity/types_of_energy.cfm

Types are: Kinetic and Potential energy.

CHECKCHECK

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

TYPES AND FORMS OF ENERGY

11 http://www.enwin.com/kids/electricity/types_of_energy.cfm

Kinetic Potential

rolling down, in motion, stretch and release a rubber band, heat from gasoline burning.

sitting high up, waiting, stored up, stretch and hold it, gasoline stored

4. What words in the song tell the differences between the two types of energy?

Potential

KineticCHECKCHECK

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

TYPES, FORMS AND SOURCES OF ENERGY

• Examine the chart on the next slide to identify some forms & sources of energy and the type of energy to which each form belongs.

• Read http://www.eia.gov/kids/energy.cfm?page=about_forms_of_energy-basics

Potential

Kinetic

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

TYPES, FORMS AND SOURCES OF ENERGY

http://www.greenearthproject.com/Forms.html

6. Examine the chart on the next slide to identify some forms & sources of energy and the type of energy to which each form belongs.

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

STATES OF MATTER – PARTICULATE PROPERTYEarlier we defined energy as having the ability to produce change. This change can occur in all kinds of matter. At room temperature and pressure, matter exists in various physical states. Below are three states of water.

Click on each state for additional information.

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SolidSolid

LiquidLiquid

Image - Margerie Glacier , Alaska, USA.; © Vilma Mc Clenan 2013

GasGas

Particles are in a fixed arrangement and touch each other as they vibrate.

Particles are randomly arranged and touch each other as they move.

Particles move quickly in all directions and rarely touch each other.

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

STATES OF MATTER – PARTICULATE PROPERTY

• Do the simulation at this url to note the particles > http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/matter.html

• The differences between solids, liquids and gases arise from the arrangement and behaviour of the particles they are made of.

• Look at how the particles in each of those three state are arranged. Click > http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/statesofmatter/ (States of Matter)

• In the video, Dick mentioned that matter does not always remain in one state – any state can change when we change the temperature.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

CHANGES IN MATTER

When a state of matter gains (increases) or loses (decreases) energy, it changes.

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Look at what happens to particles with a change in heat energy, at > http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/matter.html

Modified from > http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/materials/changing_states/read/2/ and > http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/455270/phase

MeltMeltss

EvaporateEvaporatess

FreezeFreezess

CondenseCondensess

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

CHANGES IN MATTER CAUSED BY ENERGY CHANGES

Those changes you saw are physical changes. But, energy can also cause chemical changes. Watch the two types of changes that different forms of energy can cause to paper at >

http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=40108

Also, watch, read and listen to these videos >

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yjEDihEuZI

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcunQqbNEMQ

Note carefully the differences between physical and chemical changes in matter.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

CHANGES IN MATTER CAUSED BY ENERGY CHANGES

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1. Observe the demonstration , similar to this. Check your SIM.

Copper carbonate (a green, powdery solid) is heated.

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

CHANGES IN MATTER CAUSED BY ENERGY CHANGES

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A black solid (copper oxide) forms & a colourless gas (CO2) is evolved.

3. Which kind of change is this? Justify your answer.

Copper carbonate (a green, powdery solid) is heated.

2. Describe the results. Type your response in the box below.

CHECKCHECK

This was a chemical change as two new substances formed which are different from the original substance both in colour and components.

Energy can also cause a change in chemical composition! CHECKCHECK

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

• The various changes you’ve observed in actual demonstrations or virtually via video, are in keeping with certain scientific laws.

• In science, we use laws to explain sets of observations. The results we saw conform to a law that explains our observations about matter or mass – The Law of Conservation of Matter.

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The Law of Conservation of Matter states:

Matter cannot be created anew or destroyed, but can undergo changes in form i.e. transformation. Mass remains the same at the end of a reaction as at

the start.

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

1. Watch the video “Law of Conservation of Mass” at http://www.neok12.com/video/Law-of-Conservation/zX567d4e457d737d75667b0a.htm

2. Watch the video demonstrations at the websites below in which we can observe if there is any change in the mass of the reacting material and the mass of the new materials or products formed after the chemical reaction. Check the following >1. http://www.neok12.com/video/Law-of-Conservation/zX78

0d5e7806764057657b45.htm

2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZlh89iL4jI3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=774TbEUUM-A

3. NOTE: Your teacher might have these or other demonstrations set up for you to try and to observe!

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

SUMMARY

• Energy is the ability to cause/produce a change.

• Energy forms are one or other type – i.e. kinetic or potential. Potential energy comes in forms that are stored and can do work later.

• Kinetic energy is in forms that are doing work.

• Energy can change/be converted from one form to another, but can not be created anew, lost or destroyed.

• Energy causes matter to change in various ways e.g. a change from one state to another; a change in chemical composition (burning a candle or metal rusting) which happens during a chemical change; a change in temperature or a change in motion; a change in physical properties, e.g., size, shape, colour, etc.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

TEST YOURSELF

• Are you ready to test yourself?

• There are two REVIEW QUESTIONS and five SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS that you are required to do. For each question, type the answer in the box provided and then click CHECK for the correct response.

• Click ‘BEGIN QUIZ’ to start the Review and Quiz section.

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BEGIN BEGIN QUIZ!QUIZ!

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

REVIEW QUESTION 1

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1a. Name the type of energy shown by group 1 and group 2. 1b. Explain their difference.

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1 = Potential and 2 = Kinetic Potential energy is stored energy, or the energy that an object has because of its position. It is energy that has the potential to cause change. Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses as a result of its motion.

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CHECKCHECK

Group Group 11

Group Group 22

NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

REVIEW QUESTION 2 – ENERGY CHANGES2. Look at pictures A, B and C. In the box below, type

the energy changes or conversions you infer are taking place or will take place in each activity.

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CBA

Answers should include: A = stored chemical energy of food to mechanical.B = gravitational potential to kinetic;C = chemical energy in gasoline to kinetic, sound and heatCHECKCHECK

NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

REVIEW QUESTION 3

Complete the flow diagram below to show change of state of matter from a solid right through to a gas. Indicate the various processes occurring as a result of addition/subtraction of heat energy. Type your response in the box above/below the arrow.

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NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

SOLIDLIQUI

DGAS

Red arrows show increase in heat energy; blue show decrease.

SOLIDLIQUI

DGAS

melting

evaporating

condensingfreezing

CHECK

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS

What type of energy conversion/s occur in each of the following? Type your answer in the box provided.

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Starting a car engine

Changes chemical energy in gasoline to mechanical.

Lighting a gas stove

Chemical energy in propane gas to heat and light. 

Switching on a generator

Changes mechanical energy to electricity.

CHECK

CHECK

CHECK

NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS

What type of energy conversion/s occur in each of the following?

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Clicking this computer’s keyboard to answer these questions

Stored chemical energy in muscle cells changed to mechanical then to electrical in the computer

Rubbing the palms of your hands together.

Chemical energy converted to mechanical and also heat energy.  

CHECK

CHECK

OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

END OF ACTIVITY

• You have reached the end of this slide set.

• If you wish to review any concepts in this lesson, go to the first slide and click on the topic in the Menu at RIGHT.

• If you have finished viewing this slide set, click the Close (X) button.

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OBJECTIVES

What is energy?

Energy sources

Matter and Change

REVIEW & QUIZ

OVERVIEW

Law of Conservation

of Mass

Types & Forms of Energy

CREDITS

• http://www.poptower.com/shelly-ann-fraser-pryce-picture-100624.htm

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lightning_in_Arlington.jpg

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Large_bonfire.jpg

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Football_iu_1996.jpg

• electricity/types_of_energy.cfm

• © 2013 Daphnie Morrison

• http://www.greenearthproject.com/Forms.html

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/materials/changing_states/read/2/ and > ttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/455270/phase

• http://www.aplusphysics.com/courses/regents/WEP/images/EnergyDiagram.png

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Football_iu_1996.jpg

• http://www.fruitacresfarms.com/u-pickpeach.htm

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motorbike_rider_mono.jpg

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