India’s Struggle for Freedom

CAUSES OF THE NATIONALISM

Indians lacked equal job opportunities

Were not allowed to advance to high positions in government service or officers in the army

Independence Movements

• Indian Rebellion (1857)

• Formation of Congress (1885)/Civil

Disobedience (1918)

• Salt Satyagraha (1930)

• Revolutionary Movement

• Quit India Movement (1942)

• Independence (August 15, 1947)

• The Sepoys led by Mangal Pandeyrevolted against the British use of animal fat in cartridges

• Saw the end of the rule by the British East India company but transferred the rule to the British Empire

The Indian Rebellion (1857)

The Jallianwala BaghMassacre 1919

• On April 10, 1919, the demonstration was held to demand the release of two popular leaders of the Indian Independence Movement, Satyapal and Saifuddin Kitchlew, who had been earlier arrested by the government.

Dandi Salt March

• Act of protes against the British salt tax

• Gandhiji and followers walked from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, Gujarat

• The march was 200 miles long

• March lasted about a month!

The Revolutionarist’s

• Lala Lajpat Rai –revolted against the All

British Simon commission. He was

beaten by the British with sticks

• Chandra Shekar Azad – blew the Viceroy’s

train, bombed the British assembly

• Shaheed Bhagat Singh was sent to the

gallows at the age of 24

The Revolutionarist’s

• Shaheed Udham Singh revolted against the

Jallianwala Bagh massacre at Amritsar

• Mahatma Gandhi known as father of nation was

one of the most important person responsible for

the Independence. He started many movements.

The main weapons of Gandhi ji was Truth and

Non- violence

Women’s Struggle in Freedom

• Rani Lakshmi BaiLakshmi Bai, the Raniof Jhansi was the queen of princely state of Jhansi. She fought with British troops when Sir Hugh Rose besieged Jhansi on 23 March 1858.

Women’s Struggle in Freedom

British Mystic Annie Besant worked in the Indian Nationalist movement in India. From 1907 to 1933 she was President of the Theosophical Society, a mystical organization that followed elements of Eastern religions.

Non cooperation movement

• Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth bunt. Merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods.

Quit India Movement

• Mahatma Gandhi started the Quit India Movement

• The Congress passed the Quit India Movement in 1942.

Quit India Movement

• During the Quit India movement, Mahatma Gandhi declared:

• "I want freedom immediately, this very night before dawn if it can be had….”

• Gandhiji, Nehruji and thousands of supporters were imprisoned, and the Indian National Congress was outlawed.

HOMAGE TO PEOPLE BEHINDINDIA’S FREEDOM

• Early Freedom Fighters, such as:Mangal Pandey in 1857 Sepoy Mutiny

Lakshmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi in 1858

• Prominent Leaders, such as:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

Jawarhalal Nehru

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

• Many ordinary Indians, who sacrificed their livesand careers so we could live free today

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MARTYRS

MOUNTBATTEN SALUTINGINDIAN FLAG

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India get free on 15th August to commemorate

the end of British rule and its birth as a

sovereign nation on that day in 1947.