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Slides used by James Nottingham in his featured presentation at ICOT, Belfast on Weds 22 June 2011
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Challenge, Wobble and Roll
James Nottingham www.p4c.comwww.jamesnottingham.co.uk
“Pupils show greater motivation, are better behaved and are more likely to be independent and strategic thinkers when teachers are not obsessed by grades.”
Focusing on learning
“If there is one new thing we need in our school system right now, it is a well-developed focus on learning.”
Chris Watkins, Institute of Education, Aug 2010From an analysis of 100 international studies on how children learn
What is …. ?
The Learning Challenge
188
Cla
rity
Con
fusi
on
The Pit
1. Concept
2. Conflict
21
ANALYSE
ANTICIPATE
APPLY
CAUSAL-LINK
CHOOSE
CLASSIFY
COMPARE
CONNECT
CONTRAST
DECIDE
DEFINE
DESCRIBE
DETERMINE
DISCUSS
ELABORATE
ESTIMATE
EVALUATE
EXEMPLIFY
EXPLORE
GENERALISE
GIVE EXAMPLES
GIVE REASONS
GROUP
HYPOTHESISE
IDENTIFY
INFER
INTERPRET
ORGANISE
PARAPHRASE
PREDICT
QUESTION
RANK
REPRESENT
RESPOND
SEQUENCE
SIMPLIFY
SHOW HOW
SOLVE
SORT
SUMMARISE
SUPPORT
TEST
VERIFY
VISUALISE
A selection of thinking skills
136
Recent Demo Lesson Concepts
What is a toy? (5 year olds)
Was the mouse telling lies? (7 year olds)
What happens when you die? (11 year olds)
What’s the difference between tragedy and romance? (14 year olds)
What is culture? (15 year olds)
Is zero the same as nothing? (17 year olds)
Getting 3 year olds, then 15 year olds, ‘into the pit’
More videos at www.jamesnottingham.co.uk
Being in the pit represents cognitive conflict
142
Stealing is wrong
Robin Hood was right
If A = B then
Does B = A?
Toy Play
Play Toy
For example …
Wobblers (If A = B)
54
Colliding concepts
Truth and Opinion
Biodegradable and Reusable
Hero and Villain
Happy and Content
Dreams and Daydreams
Decision and Order
Child and Youth
Lies and Make-believe
Toys and Books
Karma and Revenge
Worked examples at www.p4c.com
Eureka moments come from challenge
207
Cla
rity
Con
fusi
on
The Pit
1. Concept
2. Conflict
3. Construct
2
1
3
Eureka!
Kriticos = able to make judgments
Critical Thinking
Comes from the Greek, Kriticos
Meaning: able to make judgments
Source: www.etymonline.com
Praise that discourages pupils getting in the pit
Clever girl!
Gifted musician
Brilliant mathematician
Bright boy
Top of the class!
By far the best
Mueller and Dweck, 1998
In six studies, 7th grade students were given a series of nonverbal IQ tests.
The effects of different types of praise
Intelligence praise
“Wow, that’s a really good score. You must be smart at this.”
Process praise
“Wow, that’s a really good score. You must have tried really hard.”
Control-group praise
“Wow, that’s a really good score.”
Mueller and Dweck, 1998
Trial 1 Trial 34.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
Effort Praise
Control Praise
Intelligence Praise
Number of problems solved on a 3rd test
Boys get 8 times more criticism than girls