Improving livelihoods throughClimate-smart Agriculture in Central Asia

Central Asia Climate Smart Agriculture Workshop July 12-14, 2016

Manon CassaraWater Resources ConsultantFocal Point for Regional Water, Energy, Climate Activities

Source: Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index (ND-GAIN), http://index.gain.org/

Larger adaptation investment needs

Larger policy, institutional and capacity needs

TM

KG

TJ

UZ

KZ

Central Asia: Less Ready to Cope

Vulnerability

Readiness

Rising Costs all Across Central Asia

-50 to 75%

-25%

+30%

-20%

up to 50%

-30%Glacier melt

HPP outputRiver runoff in summer

Desertification

Crop yields

Irrigation water

demand

Rural poor's in the front line

60 to 75% of the “Bottom

40%” are rural

Low productivity, with high land and

environment degradation

Yield: -20 %Poverty: +13%

Knowledge and Capacity Base

Cooperation on Resources & Challenges• Hydromet Modernization (CAHMP)• Climate Adaptation and Mitigation (CAMP4ASB)• Water Resource Management (CAWaRM)

Climate Finance• Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (TJ, KG)• Clean Technology Fund (KZ)• Partnership for Market Readiness (KZ)• GEF, SCCF (several countries)

Climate-smart Agriculture• Ferghana Valley Water Mg’t (several projects, TJ, UZ)• Irrigation, drainage and water mg’t in

Karakalpakstan (2 projects in UZ)• Sustainable Ag. and Climate Mitigation (UZ)

Water, Land, and Forests• Forest Protection and Reforestation Project (KZ)• Pasture and Livestock Management Improvement Project (KG)• Integrated Forest Ecosystem Management (KG)• Syr Darya Control and Northern Aral Sea Project II (KZ)

Sustainable Energy• Energy Sector Development Policy Operation (KG)• Energy Loss Reduction Project (TJ)• Advanced Electricity Metering Project (UZ)• CASA (multi-country)

Italics: Pipeline Operation

WBG: Addressing Climate Change through Central Asia (examples)

Environmental Land Management and Rural

Livelihoods Project

Project ID

“Enable rural people to

increase their productive

assets in ways that improve

natural resources

management and resilience

to climate change in selected climate

vulnerable sites”

Development Objective

PPCR GEFBeneficiary contributions Additional Financing

PPCR 9.45

In Million $

GEF 5.4

Beneficiary Contributions 1.4

Additional Financing 2.00

Project Financing

Implementation Arrangements

Project Management Unit under the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP) includes:

• CEP staff and contracted technical assistance

• Rayon Committees for environment Protection

• Inter-Ministerial Commission for Inter-agency coordinationPartners

• Local government authorities and officials (Rayon and Jamoat levels)

• Government line agencies• National and international non-

government organizations• Community-based

organizations• Other donor-supported

programs and projects

Tajikistan is the most vulnerable country in CA to the climate change impacts depending on its high exposure and combined with a very low adaptive capacity.

The land use sector is subject to: Lower and more erratic rainfalls; Water resources resources scarcity; Higher temperature, evaporation, reducing

the accumulation of snow in the mountain glaciers and increased frequency of extreme events

Three main eco-regions covered by the project: Lowlands, foothills, uplands (as shown on the map)

Tajikistan – a high climate vulnerability and variability

PPCR-TJ: Environmental Land Management and Rural Livelihoods ProjectKey activities

Financing to rural communities

1. Sustainable village-based rural production and land resource management: Support small grants2. Larger Scale initiative in community land management :- Sustainable community pasture management- On-farm water management in lowland areas

Planning Approach

- Regional participatory climate risk and environmental assessments

- Villages will prioritize investments using toolkit with best practices

- Ensuring investments selected most appropriate to address climate and environmental risks

- Rural households can assume responsibility for sustaining their livelihoods in financially and environmentally sound ways

Improvement of skills and knowledge

- Training, information and site exchange

- Analytical work in support of investments projects

• NGOs contracted for facilitation (community mobilization, climate appraisals, preparation and implementation of plans)

• Participatory jamoat-level climate and environmental appraisals have been conducted in six lowland, middle hill, and upland area districts

• More than 200 investments plans are now under implementation - $1mlln disbursed via small grants, w/on avg 30% match (i.e. of 20% match)

• 8 Pasture User Groups (PUGs) have been, with their Pasture and Livestock Management Plans developed and well under implementation (livestock management, pasture production, pasture rehabilitation, improved processing and marketing, supplementary fodder production, and capacity building)

• 8 Water User Associations (WUAs) implementing On-farm Water Management Plans to address salinity, waterlogging, soil erosion, partial irrigation, and uneven distribution of water.

PPCR-TJ: Results as of today

CAMP4ASB: A Regional Platform of Collaboration

for Enhanced ResilienceStrengthe

ninginstitutio

ns

Rural investments

to pilotand learn on

climate action

Climate knowledge

services

Focu

s Are

as

2nd Climate Knowledge Forum – May 2014 Call for a Regional Climate Program in Central Asia

1st Climate Knowledge Forum – June 2013Exchange on climate issues and activities in Central Asia

Cooperation for Climate Action

World Bank Water-Energy-Climate Regional Initiatives

Central Asia Adaptation and Mitigation Program

(CAMP4ASB)

Central Asia Water Resources Management

Project (CAWaRM)

Central Asia Hydromet Modernization Project

(CAHMP)

Strengthening Early Warning of Mountain

Hazards in Central Asia(GFDRR – WB)

Central Asia Water and Energy Development

Program (CAEWDP)

World Bank Regional

Initiatives

MonitoringGlaciers, monitoring and forecasting,

long term trends

Knowledge Activities Data portal, modeling, knowledge products network

Water Saving Technologies and Approaches

CAMP4ASB: Overview

Enhance regionally coordinated access to improved climate change knowledge services for key stakeholders (e.g., policy makers, communities, and civil society) in Central Asian countries, as well as to increased investments and capacity building that, combined, will address climate challenges common to these countries

Regional Climate Investment Facility

Regional Climate Knowledge Services

Regional & National Coordination

Unified regional analytical platform for climate smart-development in Central Asia, with improved data, knowledge, and decision-support tools

Credit lines and technical assistance for climate investments in priority areas common to Central Asian countries

DevelopmentObjective

Oversight, coordination, and implementation support at regional and national levels through Reg’l Steering Committee and Reg’l & Nat’l Coordination Units

INFORMATION

LESSONS

Regional Climate Knowledge Services

In synergy with other knowledge and capacity initiatives in Central Asia

UnifiedRegional

AnalyticalPlatform

Information Platform

Climate-relatedMonitoring Systems

Methodologies,Approaches, and Tools

Knowledge Products

Outreach and Coalition Building

Climate Investment Assessment Mechanism

Capacity Building

Regional Climate Investment Facility

Loans (up to $500k) for climate innovation

- farmers and farmer groups;- villagers and village communities;- water user associations, pasture

management and/or user groups;- private companies.

Benefitting rural communities

Full national ownership and oversight

- Project area selection: climate vulnerability (degradation, water availability, temperature change); donor/gov’t complementarity.

- Sub-project selection: gender focus; cost-effectiveness; post-project sustainability; potential for replication.

Supporting Implementation

Safeguarding livelihoods and activities• diversified and climate-resilient crops and breeds;• on-farm water management and efficiency;• land degradation control (e.g., agro-forestry &

rangeland management);• sustainability of mountain ecosystems and

livelihoods;• energy efficiency (e.g., improved stoves, insulation);• off-grid renewable energy in rural areas …

• Awareness raising: climate risks/available options;• Participatory planning and implementation support for

climate investment plans at community level;• FI training on climate investment assessment;• Monitoring.

CAMP4ASB: Phased-in Financing

• $15 million in IBRD and counterpart co-financing

• Reimbursable Advisory Services (TBC)

• $9 million IDA credit

• $15 million Regional IDA grant

Phase 1

Phase 2

• $14 million IDA credit

• $9 million IDA credit and grant (TBC)

• $19 million Green Climate Fund grant

Thank you for your attention !